sltws.s |s|sss.|s ( sltws.s |s|sss.

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Unit I Unit I
ntroduction to Software Engineering: Evolving role of
Software. Software crises & myths. Software engineering.
Software process & process models, Linear sequential,
prototyping, RAD, Evolutionary Product & Process. Project
management concepts: People, Product, Process, Project.
WSHH principle, critical practice.
8ook 8ecommended
$41tware Engineering, A Practiti4ner's Appr4ach
- Pressman R4ger. $. TMH. ($trictIy 5th Ed)
8eference 8ooks
k1 Software Lng|neer|ng Somerv|||e Add|sonWes|ey (S]e)
82 SofLware Lnglneerlng lalrly 8 McCraw Plll
83 rlnclples of SofLware uevelopmenL uavls A McCraw Plll
84 SofLware Lnglneerlng Shooman ML McCraw Plll
U1 U1- -1,2,3 1,2,3
U2 U2- -4,5,6 4,5,6
U3 U3- -7,8,9 7,8,9
U4 U4- -10,11,13 10,11,13
U5 U5- -14,15,16 14,15,16
U6 U6- -17,18,19 17,18,19
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Unit Unit -- ! !
Unit Unit -- !! !!
Unit Unit -- !!! !!!
S
Unit - !v
Unit - v
Unit - v!
Lvo|v|ng ro|e of Software
eg Clder days rogrammers use Lo wrlLe dellver s/w
9ro[ect p|ann|ng SofLware rlsks
eg Models/ MeLhods 8lsk analysls
9ro[ect Schedu||ng
eg scope] Lst|mat|on] too|s
So|ut|on Manager (SA9)
9ro[ect Schedu||ng
eg scope] Lst|mat|on] too|s
So|ut|on Manager (SA9)
System eng|neer|ng
8us|ness 9rocess (eg Advance) 9rototype
System eng|neer|ng
8us|ness 9rocess (eg Advance) 9rototype
Software arch|tecture
Software test|ng lnLegraLlon LesLlng
WhlLe8ox/ 8lack8ox eLc valldaLlon
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W
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a
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l
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a
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e
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SofLware ls a seL of lLems or ob[ecLs
LhaL form a conflguraLlon" LhaL
lncludes
- programs
- documenLs
- daLa
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4mputer Pr4grams + Ass4ciated D4cuments 4mputer Pr4grams + Ass4ciated D4cuments
WhaL ls SofLware?
W sofLware ls englneered
W sofLware doesn'L wear ouL
W sofLware ls complex
W sofLware ls a 'dlfferenLlaLor'
W sofLware ls llke an 'aglng
facLory'
W
h
a
L

l
s

S
o
f
L
w
a
r
e
?
Wear vs ueLerloraLlon
|dea||zed curve
crarge
aclua| curve
Fa||ure
rale
T|re
|ncreased fa||ure
rate due to s|de effects
@he CosL of Change
el|r|l|or eve|oprerl
Aller re|ease
1x
1.5-x
0-100x
SofLware AppllcaLlons
W sysLem sofLware
W realLlme sofLware
W buslness sofLware
W englneerlng/sclenLlflc sofLware
W embedded sofLware
W C sofLware
W Al sofLware
W WebApps (Web appllcaLlons)
SofLware oses Challenges
oW do We ersure lre qua||ly ol lre sollWare lral
We produce?

oW do We reel groW|rg derard ard sl|||
ra|rla|r oudgel corlro|?

oW do We upgrade ar ag|rg sollWare p|arl?

oW do We avo|d d|saslrous l|re de|ays?

oW do We successlu||y |rsl|lule reW sollWare
lecrro|og|es?
Change SCM
5oftwote oqloeetloq 5oftwote oqloeetloq
a @;M foundaLlon
procedures
meLhods
Lools
5cM 5cM
- ldenLlflcaLlon - ldenLlflcaLlon
- verslon conLrol - verslon conLrol
- change conLrol - change conLrol
- audlLlng - audlLlng
- reporLlng - reporLlng
- consLrucLlon - consLrucLlon
Change ConLrol
STOP STOP
Change ConLrol rocessl
change requesL from user change requesL from user
developer evaluaLes developer evaluaLes
change reporL ls generaLed change reporL ls generaLed
change conLrol auLhorlLy decldes change conLrol auLhorlLy decldes
requesL ls queued for acLlon requesL ls queued for acLlon
change requesL ls denled change requesL ls denled
user ls lnformed user ls lnformed
need for change ls recognlzed need for change ls recognlzed
change conLrol process change conLrol process ll ll
Change ConLrol rocessll
asslgn people Lo SCls asslgn people Lo SCls
check check ouL SCls ouL SCls
make Lhe change make Lhe change
revlew/audlL Lhe change revlew/audlL Lhe change
esLabllsh a basellne" for LesLlng esLabllsh a basellne" for LesLlng
change conLrol process change conLrol process lll lll
Change ConLrol rocesslll
perform SA and test|ng act|v|t|es
promote SCI for |nc|us|on |n next re|ease
rebu||d appropr|ate vers|on
rev|ew]aud|t the change
|nc|ude a|| changes |n re|ease
check|n the changed SCIs
AudlLlng
SCls SCls
hange hange
Requests Requests
SQA SQA
Plan Plan
S Audit S Audit
SLaLus AccounLlng
SCls SCls
hange hange
Requests Requests
hange hange
Reports Reports
EOs EOs
Status Accounting Status Accounting
Reporting Reporting
cboptet 2
1be ltocess
SofLware Lnglneerlng
A Layered @echnology
SofLware Lnglneerlng
a quallLy" focus a quallLy" focus
process model process model
meLhods meLhods
Lools Lools
A Common rocess lramework
Common process framework Common process framework
Iramework act|v|t|es Iramework act|v|t|es
work tasks work tasks
work products work products
m||estones de||verab|es m||estones de||verab|es
A checkpo|nts A checkpo|nts
Umbre||a Act|v|t|es Umbre||a Act|v|t|es
Dmbrella AcLlvlLles
W SofLware pro[ecL managemenL
W lormal Lechnlcal revlews
W SofLware quallLy assurance
W SofLware conflguraLlon managemenL
W uocumenL preparaLlon and
producLlon
W 8eusablllLy managemenL
W MeasuremenL
W 8lsk managemenL
rocess as roblem Solvlng
status
quo
prob|em
def|n|t|on
techn|ca|
deve|opment
so|ut|on
|ntegrat|on
@he rocess Model
AdapLablllLy
W Lhe framework acLlvlLles wlll always
be applled on every pro[ecL 8D@
W Lhe Lasks (and degree of rlgor) for
each acLlvlLy wlll vary based on
Lhe Lype of pro[ecL (an enLry polnL"
Lo Lhe model)
characLerlsLlcs of Lhe pro[ecL
common sense [udgmenL
concurrence of Lhe pro[ecL Leam
@he rlmary Coal
Plgh ;uallLy
8emember 8emember
Plgh quallLy pro[ecL Llmellness Plgh quallLy pro[ecL Llmellness
Why? Why?
Less rework! Less rework!
@he Llnear Model
ana|ys|s
des|gn code test
8ystem||nformat|on
eng|neer|ng
lLeraLlve Models
||sler
lo
cuslorer
ou||d/rev|se
roc|-up
cuslorer
lesl-dr|ves
roc|-up
bus|ness
mode||ng
data
mode||ng
process
mode||ng
app||cat|on
generat|on
test|ng
&
turnover
bus|ness
mode||ng
dat a
mode||ng
process
mode||ng
app|| cat |on
generat | on
test|ng
&
turnover
b us|n ess
m ode | |n g
d at a
m od e| |n g
p r ocess
m od e| | ng
ap p| | cat| on
gen er at| on
test| ng
&
tu rn o ver
team #1
team #2
team #3
0 - 90 days
roLoLyplng
8Au
. Linear Sequential odel
2. RAD (Rapid Application Development odel
Ev4Iuti4nary $41tware Pr4cess M4deIs:
. ncremental odel
2. Spiral odel
3. WNWN Spiral odel
4. oncurrent Development odel
(4mp4nent Based DeveI4pment) (4mp4nent Based DeveI4pment)
!.sssss Msis|s | ( !.sssss Msis|s | ($# $#) )
@he lncremenLal Model
ana|ys|s des|gn code test
8ystem||nformat| on
eng|neer|ng
ana|ys|s des|gn code t est
ana|ys|s des|gn code t est
ana|ys|s des|gn code t est
|ncrement 2
|ncrement 3
|ncrement 4
|ncrement 1
de||very of
1st |ncrement
de||very of
2nd |ncrement
de||very of
3rd |ncrement
de||very of
4th |ncrement
ca|endar t|me
ss.smssts| Msis| ( ss.smssts| Msis| ($# $#) )
ana|ys|s des|gn code t est
8ystem||nformat|on
eng|neer|ng
ana |ys|s des |gn code t est
ana |ys|s des|gn code t est
ana |ys|s des|gn code t est
|ncrement 2
|ncrement 3
|ncrement 4
|ncrement 1
de||very of
1st |ncrement
de||very of
2nd |ncrement
de||very of
3rd |ncrement
de||very of
4th |ncrement
ca|endar t|me
Delivers Software in small but usable pieces, each piece
builds on pieces already delivered.
e.g. Word Processing Software...
ustomer
ommunication
Planning
onstruction & Release
ustomer
Evaluation
Engineering
Risk Analysis
,|.s| Msis| ( ,|.s| Msis| ($# $#) )
ustomer
ommunication
Planning
onstruction & Release
ustomer
Evaluation
Engineering
Risk Analysis
,|.s| Msis| ( ,|.s| Msis| ($# $#) )
Pr4duct
Enhancemen
t Pr4ect
Pr4duct
Maintenance
Pr4ect
New
Pr4duct
DeveI4pment
Pr4ect
4ncept
Devmn't
Pr4ect
Pr4ect
Entry
P4int
axis
ustomer
ommunication
Planning
onstruction & Release
ustomer
Evaluation
Engineering
Risk Analysis
,|.s| Msis| ( ,|.s| Msis| ($# $#) )
POINT$ TO NOTE: POINT$ TO NOTE:
1) CoupIes iterative nature of
prototyping & with
controIIed systematic
approach
2) Each region is popuIated by
"Set of tasks" (TASK SET)
3) SpiraI modeI is divided into
task regions
Task set (regions)
1) Customer communication
2) PIanning
3) Risk AnaIysis
4) Engineering
5) Construction & ReIease
6) Customer EvaIuation (e.g. Feedback)
,|.s| Msis| ( ,|.s| Msis| ($# $#) )
Example: 4ncept 41 PaperIess O11ice 4ncept 41 PaperIess O11ice
Projects within..?
e.g. Asset Management Asset Management (B& Department)
Small Projects : POP + Decoration work. etc
Large Projects : Building Auditorium,. etc
SLlll CLher rocess Models
W ComponenL assembly modelLhe process Lo apply when reuse ls a
developmenL ob[ecLlve
W ConcurrenL process modelrecognlzes LhaL dlfferenL parL of Lhe pro[ecL
wlll be aL dlfferenL places ln Lhe process
W lormal meLhodsLhe process Lo apply when a maLhemaLlcal speclflcaLlon
ls Lo be developed
W Cleanroom sofLware englneerlngemphaslzes error deLecLlon efote
LesLlng