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POVERTY ALLEVIATION
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WHAT IS POVERTY
Poverty is the lack of

basic human needs, such as clean water , nutrition, health care, education, clothing and shelter, because of the inability to afford them.

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POVERTY TRENDS:
Estimates of Head Count

Consistent

http://siteresources.worldbank.org/PAKISTANEXTN/Resou
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During 1990s

Inflation in double digits for most of the years. Per Capita Income 1.3%. sector growth rate fell from 9.1% in 1980s to 4.9% in 1990s. expenditure decreased from 9.3% in 1980 to approx. 3% in 5/4/12

Real

Manufacturing Development

INCOME DISTRIBUTION TRENDS

Reference:
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INCOME DISTRIBUTION TRENDS

Ref. : https://www.gtap.agecon.purdue.edu/resources
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Causes of poverty
Poor

Governance Determinants Determinants Degradation and Poverty

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Economic Social i.

Educations role in poverty

.Environmental REF:

CAUSES OF POVERTY
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A. POOR GOVERNANCE
1. 2.

Governance, Political Instability and Poverty Non Transparency in Resource Allocation Weak Public Sector Capacity Inadequate Access to Justice
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3. 4.

B.ECONOMIC DETERMINANTS
Investment Fiscal

Policy

Subsidies Employment Inflation Remittances

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. Governance, Political Instability and Poverty

1. 2. 3. 4.

Spending more on defense at the expense of social sector. Between 47-88, military government rules about 24 years out of 41 yrs (88-99)four elections and 9 changes. Involvement in war of Afghanistan.
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ECONOMIC DETERMINANTS

Slow down in economic growth Growth declined in all sector. Debt burden increased Mismanagement( low human capital development)
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ECONOMIC DETERMINANTS

Sources: Government of Pakistan , economic survey, Various issues.

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EMPLOYMENT
Elasticity About

is estimated to be 0.4 and contributes only 2/3 to employment. 0.6 million people are tagged unemployed every year. rate has increased to 7.8% - 6.1(men), 17.3 % (women) reported in 2000
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Unemployment

Social Determinants
Lack

of education:

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Lack of Education
Government

expenditure on education in 2007 was 95.442 million that is 2.2% of the total GDP.

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Lack of Education

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ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION IN POVERTY

Impact Effects

on Health and linkages with poverty of Degradation of Natural Resources

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RESPONSES TO POVERTY
Pakistan Poverty

Poverty Alleviation Fund Institutions

Reduction Strategy Papers

Microfinance Rural

Support Programmes

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PAKISTAN POVERTY ALLEVIATION FUND

Funded

by the World Bank in yr 2000

& IMF
Established Provide

Micro-credit Loans and grants for infrastructure & capacity building

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RURAL SUPPORT PROGRAMMES

AGA KHAN RURAL SUPPORT PROGRAMME
Established 900,000 Pay

for small farmers in northern areas people benefitted (till 2004)

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back rate of 98%

MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS

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references
MAIN SOURCES

http://www.adb.org/documents/reports/poverty_pak/chapter_3.pdf

http://siteresources.worldbank.org/PAKISTANEXTN/Resources/pdf-Files-in-Events/Briefing-on http://www.adb.org/documents/reports/poverty_pak/poverty.pdf : https://www.gtap.agecon.purdue.edu/resources

ADDITIONAL READING FOR ASSISTANCE TO TOPIC

http://www.akmalhussain.net/Publish%20Work/PovertyAlleviationInPakistan/Forward.pdf http://www.who.int/countryfocus/cooperation_strategy/ccsbrief_pak_en.pdf

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Thank you