NATURE & SCOPE OF MANAGEMENT

Management
Organization Two or more people who work together in a structured way to achieve a specific goal or set of goals. Goals Purpose that an organization strives to achieve; organizations often have more than one goals, goals are fundamental elements of organization. The Role of Management To guide the organizations towards goal accomplishment
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- People responsible for directing the efforts aimed at helping organizations achieve their goals. - A person who plans, organizes, directs and controls the allocation of human, material, financial, and information resources in pursuit of the organizations goals.
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WHAT IS MANAGEMENT?
Management is the art of getting things done through people. -Mary Parker Follett Management is a distinct process consisting of planning, organizing, actuating, and controlling performance to determine and accomplish the objectives by the use of people and resources.
- George R Terry

At its most basic, management may be viewed as MAKING THINGS 4 HAPPEN.

Taking place within a structured organizational setting and with prescribed roles

Directed towards the attainment of aims and objectives

Features of Management

Achieved through the efforts of other people

Using systems and procedures

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NATURE OF MANAGEMENT
Management as an art
Successful managers are those born with appropriate intuition, and intelligence and personality which they develop through the practice of leadership
Successful managers are those who have learned the appropriate body of knowledge and have developed ability to apply acquired skills and techniques

Successful managers are those who recognize that nobody really knows what is going on and who persuade others of their own powers by calling up the appropriate gods and by engaging in expected rituals
Successful managers are those who can work out the unwritten laws of life in the organizational jungle and are able to play the game so that they win.

Management as a magic

Management as a science

Management as politics

FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT
Planning Defining goals, establishing strategies to achieve goals, developing plans to integrate and coordinate activities. Organizing Arranging and structuring work to accomplish organizational goals. Leading Working with and through people to accomplish goals. Controlling Monitoring, comparing, and correcting work.
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Management Process and Goal Attainment

PLANNING

Defining goals, establishing strategy, and developing sub- plans to co-ordinate activities.
Determining what needs to be done, how it will be done and who is to do it. Leading and motivating all involved parties and resolving conflicts. Monitoring the activities to ensure that they are accomplished as planned.
Leads to

ORGANISING

LEADING

CONTROLLING

Achieving the organization's stated purpose

Planning involves tasks that must be performed to attain organizational goals, outlining how the tasks must be performed, and indicating when they should be performed.
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Planning
Determining organizational goals and means to reach them Managers plan for three reasons
1. Establish an overall direction for the organizations future

2. Identify and commit resources to achieving goals

3. Decide which tasks must be done to reach those goals

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Organizing means assigning the planned tasks to various individuals or groups within the organization and cresting a mechanism to put plans into action.
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Organizing

Process of deciding where decisions will be made, who will perform what jobs and tasks, and who will report to whom in the company Includes creating departments and job descriptions:

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Getting others to perform the necessary tasks by motivating them to achieve the organizations goals Leading (Influencing) means guiding the activities of the organization members in appropriate directions. Objective is to improve productivity.
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1. Gather information that measures recent performance 2. Compare present performance to pre-established standards 3. Determine modifications to meet pre-established standards
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TEN NEW PRINCIPLES FOR EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Manage information through people Change is a constant, and must be managed Technology is the future Relationships matter Investment in training and development is important Measure only against the best The market is global Unity of direction is important Equity is expected Initiative is important 16