Accent

Reduction

Training

Voice and Accent - A Comprehensive Toolkit

Review
Post Assessment & Feedback and Action plan

Implementation

Classroom :

Evaluation
Analyze the data

Establish program objectives Consonant & Vowel Sounds Pronunciation Intonation

Pre assessment
Pre assessment of the participants Entry Level

Listening Skills

Introduction
Ice breaker Expectations of the training program

Purpose

INTRODUCTION

Voice and Accent

What Ice Breakers Purpose/ Why The day the training begins is usually the 2nd day for them. They need to break out of their shell and start interacting with each other to help build rapport. How

Unit 1

The ice breakers need to be used with the class per the instructions in the attachment.

Process Template: Ice Breakers

Sample
SHARE A SECRET Ice breakers with instructions This is a good ice breaker for Day 2 in a session where the participants hardly know each other.Would work very well with a New Hire group. INSTRUCTIONS: 1. Pass around a plate full of peanuts or Candy mid way through the session and encourage them to pick up as many as they want.. Make sure you pick up a few as well.

Voice and Accent

What Introduction Purpose/ Why To discuss the objectives of the program and the game plan for the training sessions. To encourage the participants to participate and improve their speech pattern. To motivate to learn How

Unit 1

Checking their expectations. Capturing them on a Flip chart. Taking them through a Communication Dissection/Breakdown Communication Tree

Process Template: Objectives

Linking the above to their Expectations. Desensitization: Identity Crisis. Structure of training: MID Path

Defining Accent and Global English. An overview of what we will cover in the training. Laying ground rules for the training. Assessing the recordings, Pre-Training.

Structure of training: MID Path

Introduction Our Training is based on the following structure: MOTIVATION You can lead a horse to water BUT Speech patterns are old, old habits we have engraved in our biological and psychological systems. To change these patterns requires effort and dedication and skill. However the greatest factor influencing this change, is an inner motivation from the individual to really make it happen. Without this motivation, a trainer can give a million techniques, but they will not work. The individual is responsible for WANTING his/her speech to improve, only then will the attention and effort follow, leading to mastery of the skill.

Voice and Accent

Purpose/ Why Pre Assessment To understand the improvement areasWhat for the trainees so that training inputs are tailored to their individual needs. How

Unit 1

Recording of (a) Free Speech Reading the passage Shrill Girls Assess the reading & recording on the parameters in the assessment sheet.

Process Template: The English Language Assessment Sheet

Sample

S.No. PARAMETERS Parameters 1. 2. Rating The specialist says correct consonant sounds The specialist uses correct long and short vowel sounds

Fit For Floor

Fit For Training

Not Fit for Floor

Voice and Accent

What Relaxation Purpose/ Why In order to incorporate changes in our pattern of speech we work on the smaller muscles of the mouth like the lip, tongue etc.. This also means that we need to let go of the stress in the larger muscles. Relaxation also focuses on getting rid of the mental stress that we carry with us, so that we gain confidence with the new things we learn. How

Unit 2

Take everyone through the Relaxation Exercise in a quiet room with the lights dimmed.

Process Template: Relaxation Exercise

Sample

INSTRUCTIONS:

Step by step procedure for the Relaxation Exercise.

1. 2.

Unfold your arms and legs. Do not slouch or be too stiff. Sit back in your chair; adjust the height of the chair to your requirement.

Voice and Accent

What Formation of Speech Purpose/ Why To acquaint ourselves with the scientific process of the formation of sound and Voice. How

Unit 2

What is a Sound? What is Voice? Explain the difference between Sound and Voice. Explain the biological process. Voice is formed on the out breath, explain using examples.

Breath Control

The English language works on a 10 beat rhythm as opposed to the 4 beat rhythm all the Indian languages follow. This makes the English sentences longer , and because we are used to a 4 beat, we tend to pause at the wrong places leading the listener to believe that they are not speaking to a native English speaker. Since we know that the Voice is formed on the out breath it is important that we are able to control it.

Practicing exhaling with an open mouth. Practicing the sound f on the out breath. Stretching the sound from 4 to a maximum of 20 seconds/counts.

CONSONANTS

Voice and Accent

What Consonant Sounds. Purpose/ Why Clarity in the consonant sounds drives clarity in speech. The purpose of this document is to introduce the consonant sounds used in Global English and remove MTI from the speech. How

Unit 2

Definition of consonants. How are they formed. Importance of studying Consonants. Sounds vs. Letters. Types of consonants, Voiced and Unvoiced- definition.

Process Template: Consonant Sounds

Sample
Unvoiced p Types of Consonants with examples f Voiced b v

s
t sh

z
d zh

Voice and Accent

What Places of articulation of consonants Purpose/ Why Empowerment: Understanding the technique of creating a sound empowers the trainee to create the same sound in new words, independent of the trainer. How

Unit 2

The technique for producing individual consonant sounds. Practicing individual sounds with each trainee. Practicing the technique with Examples. Consonant Drill Target Sound Practice.

Process Template: Technique to the formation of sounds

Application in passages.

Sample

Target Sound Practice 1. 2. Take the sound you want to work on. For eg. W Once you have explained the technique of creating the sound, have them create the sound in slow motion. Eg. Round the lips, create an oooo and SLOWLY move to a. Make them implement the sound in isolation repeatedly.

3.

Voice and Accent

What Focus on Vs and Ws Purpose/ Why Vs and Ws are sounds that are usually confused by an average Indian speaker. To move towards global comprehensibility it is important that we understand this difference and incorporate it in our speech. How

Unit 2

Process Template: Ws Vs

Technique of the formation of the sound. Individual sound practice. Examples with Vs and Ws in different position in a word. Word practice. Sentences for practice. Application in passages Target sound Practice as homework.

Passages

Sample
Practice words with V and W s in Primary, Middle and Final position

Practice sound V Vaccine Valuable Value Valve Divide Driver Environment Envision Cave Connive Cove Dive

Practice sound W Waddle Wafer Waffle Wag Brewery Coward Cower Dwell Brew Cow Meadow Sew

Passages for V sound practice

THE RIVER VALLEY The river valley has always been home to an unrivaled variety and wonderful diversity of wildlife, including voles and vixens. THE BOOKSHOP Every Wednesday, William works at the village bookshop. He waits on customers, collects orders, records purchase details and operates the computer.

Passages for W sound practice

Voice and Accent

What Focus on Ls and Rs Purpose/ Why The Global L and R differ from the Indian L and R sounds in terms of articulation. Understanding this difference and seeing how it is translated in speech, will assist us in understanding the American client better. How

Unit 2

Process Template: Ls

Rs

Introduction to the American R and formation. Introduction to the American L and its formation Introduction to the schwa sound and its effect on speech. Practicing words with L in the tertiary position. Discussing how R is spoken differently in British and American accents. Practicing words using R: In American it is always curled. In British it is curled only in the beginning and sometimes in the middle of the word. (Raise, praise, but not in pardon) It is eliminated in the tertiary position (Water) In the Indian accent, it is always rolled like a running rrrr.

Sample

Practice L sounds Application at the beginning, middle and at the end of each word.

Initial Liar Land

Medial Milk Slip

Final Fill Full

Practice R sounds Application at the beginning, middle and at the end of each word.

Initial Ray Rifle

Medial Grow Word

Final Here Share

Voice and Accent

What Passages for practice Purpose/ Why Once we are familiar with the correct sounds we should be able to apply them in our spoken English. We begin with the application in simple sentences, moving on to passages How

Unit 2

Process Template: Patter Exercises

Passages

A passage is read out by each trainee. It can also be given as homework. In both cases, the target sound as well as the other sounds are checked by the trainer for correction. Checking for Breath Control and pauses will also assess the rhythm in which they speak : 4 beat or 10 beat. Pronunciation is checked and the trainee is provided with corrective feedback.

Sample

1. A Big blue badly bleeding blister. Read out each sentence keeping in mind the correct consonant sound. 2. Stop touching Teds toes. 3. The dainty dancers danced in the dark. 4. Seven slick slimy snakes slowly sliding southwards.

Check consonant sounds t, d and word ends.

On dark nights, I sometimes dream of little dwarfs who like to ride through the woods and along country roads on tiny donkeys. On cold stabbing nights they try to invert riddles to the sound of the wind.

VOWELS

Voice and Accent

What Vowel Sounds Purpose/ Why Vowels are what convey emotion in our speech. As English is a secondary language for us, we are unable to convey emotions in English. Openness of sounds adds clarity to our speech. This opens doors of communication. How Definition of vowels. Importance of vowels Sounds vs. Letters Types of Vowels.

Unit 3

Process Template: Vowels

Sample

VOWELS: Vowels : Vowel sounds are produced by the uninterrupted flow of breath. These sounds carry emotion and give due weight to a word.

Types

LIP VOWELS are those vowel sounds that are crafted by the shaping of the lips. Aa aw oh oo

Voice and Accent

What Types of Vowels Purpose/ Why Showing trainees how to create the varying shades of vowels, enables them to incorporate this skill into their speech. How

Unit 3

Process Template: The Powers

Application

Practice the formation of the Lip Vowels. Listen individually. Support with Examples. Practice the formation of Tongue Vowels. Listen individually. Support with examples. Vowel Chant. Transitioning Lip Vowels and then the Tongue Vowels in one breath. Application of this exercise in language. Group practice. Stretching each sound to a maximum of 12 seconds. Application in poem The Powers

Sample

Check on the openness of vowels

THE Powers whose name and shape no living creature knows Have pulled the Immortal Rose;

Application of Vowel sounds

Ae At

ow Out

aw Ought

I Id

ay Ate

e Eat

oo Ooze

oh Own

Voice and Accent

What Shades of Vowels Purpose/ Why It gives us a comprehensive understanding of the varying vowel sounds used in Global English. Apart from the basic sounds there are 92 shades existent in the English language. They are nothing but the shorter versions of the basic sounds. This addresses and checks the Long and Short Vowel problem. How

Unit 3

What are Shades of Vowels. Practice each sound, supported with examples. Group practice. Exercise: Take them through the e and ae sentences. Exercise: Take them through the I and ee sentences.

Process Template: Shades of Vowels

Sample
Look Lord Lout My Lord, look at this lout.

Combination of various Consonants with different shades of vowels in words and sentences.

oo

ay

ee

Moon
Pool

Mane
Pain

Mean
Peep

LED SET IT DID

LAD SAT EAT DEED

He led the lad home. Anna sat down after losing the first set. I eat it. He did the deed

Voice and Accent

What Consonant - Vowels combinations Purpose/ Why A word is formed by combining vowels and consonants in various ways. Once we know how consonants and vowels are formed and have worked on them in isolation, we are ready to combine these and practice them leading us closer to effective speaking. How

Unit 3

Process Template: Consonant Clusters

Combine all vowels with a single consonant. Build words with that to support the use of this exercise. Practice the consonant clusters with the trainees. Give examples of the consonant clusters from the poem: The Powers. Keep checking individually as well. Group Exercise: They can form words using the consonant clusters and give you a list by the next day. The poem: Fear No More focuses on Breath Control. Begin by reading one line in one breath gradually moving to a stanza in breath ensuring the correct consonant and vowel sounds, apart from breath control.

Sample
Oo Placement of consonants after the vowels sound. ItI ImI oh aw ah ay ee ow i ITE OOT OHT AWT AHT AYT EET OWT

OOM OHM AWM AHM AYM EEM OWM IME

Oo Placement of the Vowels after the Consonants sound. IdI ItI

oh

aw

ah

ay

ee

ow

i DI TI

DOO DOH DAW DAH DAY DEE DOW TOO TOH TAW TAH TAY TEE TOW

Combination of 2 unvoiced or 2 voiced consonants after the vowel sound.

Oo ImI&IdI

oh

aw

ah

ay

ee

ow

OOMD OHMD AWMD AHMD AYMD EEMD OWMD IMD

IkI&ItI

OOKT OHKT

AWKT AHKT AYKT EEKT OWKT

IKT

Voice and Accent

What Diphthongs Purpose/ Why In English, sometimes one vowel letter may denote 2 different vowel sounds together. How

Unit 3

Process Template: Diphthongs Berlin Wall

Listing the basic diphthongs. Check for understanding. Words for Practice. Using them in Sentences . The ei and aei difference. Explain using the Berlin Wall exercise. Quiz individually to check for understanding of the sounds.

Sample

A combination of 2 vowels forming a diphthong

/ay/ as in eight = /e/ + /i/ /oi/ as in oil = /aw/ =/i/

Air Combining the consonants with the two sounds to check the difference in meaning. IbI IpI Bare, Bear, Blare Pare, Pair, Pear

Ear Bear Peer, Pier

Voice and Accent

What Rhyming Vowels Purpose/ Why Often we confuse the pronunciation in basic words that are either spelt the same or pronounced alike. This exercise also helps build vocabulary. How

Unit 3

Process Template: Rhyming Vowels

Fear No More

Create a word list on the board using the sounds oo and ew. Add on the columns for ow and o sounds. Practice with the class. Quiz the trainees on the sounds of the words. Read out the poem Fear no More . Begin with each trainee reading out one line at a time followed by 2 lines in 1 breath.. and so on, moving to maximum number of stanzas in each breath.

Sample
List the words and sort out the different pronunciation Vowel Sounds : oo Blue, Blew Jew, Slew ew Cue, Dew View, New ow Bow, Vow, How, Sow o Bow, So, Sow, Sew

Reading out the entire stanza in a single breath.

Fear no more the heat o' th' Sun, Nor the furious Winters rages, Thou thy worldly task hast don, Home art gon, and taken thy wages. Golden Lads, and Girls all must, As Chimney-Sweepers come to dust.

Voice and Accent

What Combination of Learned Sounds in Speech Purpose/ Why Now that we have gone through all the consonant sounds as well as the vowel sounds and practiced them, its time to apply them in a passage and practice the crispness of the consonants along with the openness of the vowels. How

Unit 3

Process Template: Under Milk wood

Exercise

Use the passage Under Milk wood. Step 1: Whisper the passage together to emphasize the crispness of the consonants Step 2: Chant the passage together to emphasize the openness of the vowels. Step 3: Stand at the corner of the room, leaning there, cup your mouth and read out the passage as loud as possible, without screaming and keeping in mind the correct sounds and breath control.

Sample:
Check for Word endings.

UNDER MILKWOOD
And the shrill girls giggle and master around him and squeal as they clutch and thrash, and he blubbers away downhill with his patched pants falling and his tear splashed blush burns all the way as the triumphant bird like sisters scream with buttons in their claws and the bully brothers hoot after him his little nickname and his mother's shame and his father's wickedness with the loose and wild barefoot women of the hovels of the hills.

Check for Vowel sounds.

Check for consonant sounds.

Check for Breath Control.

We wondered why we were made to vent in their van with chairs one could barely sit on.

Check for correct sounds, vowels and consonants.

PRONOUNCIATION

Voice and Accent

What Syllables Purpose/ Why Understanding syllables is the first step towards correct pronunciation. Pronunciation in turn leads us to comprehensibility and effective speech . How

Unit 4

Why are syllables important. What are syllables. Learning to count syllables. Making words with 1,2,3,4,5,6 & 7 syllables.

Process Template: Syllables

Sample

A syllable has a vowel sound. Usually there is a consonant sound between it and the next syllable. What are syllables, Counting them. Look at the number of syllables in the following words: Great Paula Beautiful

Voice and Accent

What The Basic Rules Purpose/ Why Empowerment: In the English language there are a 101 exceptions to 100 rules that exist! What we offer are guidelines. These guidelines will help trainees tackle new words even in the absence of the trainer. How The Past tense rule Practice The Plural rule. Practice The Compound Noun rule. Practice The Acronym rule. Practice.

Unit 4

Process Template: The Basic Rules

Sample
Past Tense Rule Please remember the fact that ed becomes an extra syllable only when added to words ending with t or d. This is the only time the past tense has an extra syllable. Projected Protected Pleaded

Plural Rule

Please remember that es becomes an extra syllable only when added to words ending with a hissing sound. When the original word without the es ending, ends with a hissing sound, only then does the added es become an extra syllable. Office/offices Promise/Promises Beach/Beaches

Compound Noun

A combination of two words is called a compound noun, like soft/ware. In English, the stress usually falls on the first part of the compound noun Software Hardware Carpool

Acronyms

Acronyms (words that are made from the first letters of a group of words) are very common in American English. The stress in acronyms is almost always on the last letter. UCLA USA MTV

Voice and Accent

What Syllable Stress Purpose/ Why This is the next step towards correct pronunciation. Comprehensibility problems mostly occur due to the misplaced stress in a word rather than the incorrect sounds of the letters. How

Unit 4

Process Template: Stress Rules

What is Syllable Stress How can it be shown. Rule 1: Only 1 stressed syllable in one word. Support with examples. Rule 2: As the word expands .. The stress moves forwards. Support with examples. Rule 3: If we stress on 1 syllable more than the others, then the preceding vowel sound reduces. Support with examples.

Sample

STRESS Syllable stress When we learn to break a word into syllables, the idea is to keep in mind that there is only one syllable in a word that gets stressed.

Examples for Syllable stress

Organize Organization

Industry Industrial Industrialization

Technology Technological

Voice and Accent

What Pronunciation Purpose/ Why Pronunciation is the key to Global Comprehensibility. A majority of the communication lapses are due to to incorrect pronunciation A guide to easy pronunciation that lists a few rules helps us find our way around with new words. How

Unit 4

Process Template: Pronunciation Rules

NOTES: The trainer need not take the trainees through the entire list. They should be taught through examples only.

Exercise

Rule 1: -ology Rule 2: - shn Rule 3: - ity Rule 4: - ic/ ics Rule 5: - ical Rule 6: -ically Rule 7: - ial Rule 8: - ially Rule 9: - ious Rule 10:- meter Practice the rules using words. Exercise: Have the trainees count the number of syllables and find the stressed syllables.

Sample
-ology Common word ends Biology -tion Station -lity Ability -ic/-ics Physics -ical Practical

Examples off words with the common word ends.

-ically

-ial

-ially

-ious

-meter

Basically

Official

Financially

Pious

Kilometer

Counting syllables and Syllable Stress

A/bi/li/ty A/cci/dent

Cha/ri/ty Che/mi/cal

E/me/rald En/gi/neer

In/te/rest In/ves/ti/ga/tion

Pro/ba/bly Pro/cess

Voice and Accent

What Application of Syllable Stress Purpose/ Why Once we know what the rules are, it is easier for us to apply them in the words that we use on a day to day basis. How

Unit 4

Process Template: State Names CITI terms

City Names

List of State Names . List of Citi Terms List of the major city names. Top American names for Boys Top American names for Girls. Process specific pronunciation guide to the frequently used words. Auto Loans Car makes.

Am. First Names (M) Am. First Names(F)

Sample
State Names and Pronunciation CITI Terms CITI Terms Adjustable

STATE Alabama Alaska

Pronunciation Al-a-BAM-aa a-LASS-kaa

Pronunciation ud-JUST-tb-bl (a-just) am-er-tz-AY-shn

Amortization American Names for Girls American Names for Boys Amanda a-MAN-daa Danielle Dan-ee-ELL

Laura LAW-raa Raymond RAY-mnd

Aaron - AER-rn (like Karen) Damion - DAY-mee-yn Jeremy JER-rm-mee State Name : Important City Names and Pronunciation

City Names

ALABAMA : Birmingham (BER-ming-ham), Huntsville (HUNTS-vill), Mobile (Mo-BEEL), Montgomery (Mn-GUM-ree)

INTONATION

Voice and Accent

What Intonation Purpose/ Why The Indian languages follow a 4 beat rhythm that does not give much room for intonation. English on the other hand provides ample opportunity for this, especially since it a language based on a 10 beat rhythm. It is imperative that we understand how the tone of our voice effects communication. How What is pitch. What is Intonation.

Unit 5

Process Template: Intonation

Sample

INTONATION: Terms Speech, like music, has pitch changes that create a melody.

Definition

WHAT IS PITCH? Pitch is the frequency at which we speak.

Voice and Accent

What Noun-verb change Purpose/ Why The same word may at times be used as a noun and at others as a verb. In both these cases the pronunciation will differ. This may lead to comprehensibility problems. How

Unit 5

The stress pattern in a noun and a verb. Practice reading out the words and the sentences in the class. Ensure each trainee practices this individually.

Process Template: Noun-Verb change

Sample

NOUN an accent Read out the Noun and the Verb form, application in sentences. a convict a desert an envelope

VERB to accent to convict to desert to envelope

SENTENCE His Scottish accent, accented his English. The convict was convicted for 12 years of hard labor. Sam deserted Denise in the desert where she ate her dessert. She took the envelope from his hands and enveloped him in a bear hug.

Voice and Accent

What Emphasis : Word Stress, Questions and Strong Agreement. Purpose/ Why Stressing on a particular word in a sentence also conveys a meaning. E.g.: I have too, I have to and I have two How

Unit 5

Methodology: How do we stress on a word more than the others. Support with examples. Practice the Exercises. In questions which word do we stress on. Stress in strong Agreements.

Process Template: Emphasis

Sample
EMPHASIS Emphasis: Meaning & Importance Emphasis is used to show extra emotion in our speech. By giving extra stress to different words in an English sentence, we can actually change the meaning of the sentence. WORD STRESS: Word Stress In every word in English, there is one main emphasized syllable. The vowel sound in this syllable sounds higher in pitch, longer, and louder, and this is called stress. Practice: 1. Practice Word Stress 2. Im going to the store. (I am, Not you)

I am going to the store. (Are you going? Yes, I am)

Voice and Accent

What Question and Statements Purpose/ Why Apart from its grammatical structure, a statement differentiates from a question by the intonation pattern as well. In case a statement is read out like a question, the listener gets confused about the meaning, or thinks that the speaker is uncertain, or that the speaker sounds condescending. How

Unit 5

The pitch at the end of the statement. Pitch at the end of a question. The absolute no-nos of intonation: Sing sing, rocket climb. Different ways of intonating questions. Practice on the questions and statements. Role Plays: Enact out Role play 1 to the class. Have them prepare the remaining role plays in pairs and present them to the class.

Process Template: Contours Questions

Role Plays

Sample
QUESTIONS OR STATEMENTS. Whenever our statements end with a rise in the volume, it confuses the listener and they spend time trying to figure out whether the last sentence was a question or a statement and more often than not they assume it to be a confirmatory question to which they reply a yes or no which may surprise us as we never expected a reply! Exercise A: 1. Sure I can help you with that. Practice with Different Intonation. 2. The turn around time would be 2 business days.

Difference in Intonation.

Exercise B: 1. Can you see? 2. Does he play golf?

Voice and Accent

What Numbers Purpose/ Why An Americans life revolves around numbers. Be it a social security number, phone number or account number. Numbers may be as long as 10-12 digits at times. Reading them out in one go confuses the listener. How

Unit 5

Discuss why we break the numbers in smaller groups. How do we do that using Intonation. Practice.

Process Template: Intonation with Numbers:

Sample
INTONATION WITH NUMBERS: How can we Intonate Numbers effectively. When we take calls we often come across groups of digits which may be as much as 2 to a maximum of 12 digits. They may be Apartment numbers, Account numbers, transit routing numbers, Zip codes, Social security numbers or Telephone numbers.

Telephone Numbers: Examples Social Security Numbers:

310-526-9546 1-800-354-9561 356-65-9856 527-45-5447

Voice and Accent

What Choices Purpose/ Why We often have not one solution, but many options. How should we put them across to the customer? How Relate to the intonation pattern. Practice with questions.

Unit 5

Process Template: Choices

INTONATION WITH CHOICES:

Sample

INTONATION WITH CHOICES. Practice 1. 2. Do you want Tea or Coffee? Do you want Black or brown?

Voice and Accent

What Pauses Purpose/ Why The role of pauses is very important in our speech since a pause defines when a certain thought has ended and a new thought has begun. In addition, it aids the management of breath as well. How

Unit 5

Explain the importance of pauses. Practice using the sentences.

Process Template: Role of Pauses

Sample

ROLE OF PAUSES. Significance In written English, we use punctuation to show where the pauses in the sentences should be.

Example: Application Finally,// each time you prepare a solution// you should take into account / the temperature of the liquids.// Dont mix these two liquids together / unless they have the same temperature://Room Temperature.

Voice and Accent

What Practice Purpose/ Why Many of us need to break out of a shell that restricts us from experimenting with the pitch changes. These exercises focus on breaking out of old habits and establishing new ones. How

Unit 5

Process Template: Stories Trench Coat

Gollum

Lead by example using the 3 short stories in which the places of inflection have been marked out. Use Archie comics hand outs to groups of 3s and 4s, have them act out the story in front of the class. The passage Dark Trench Coat can be used to practice Intonation. Practice using the passage Deep down here Gollum.

Assessment Sample THREE LITTLE PIGS Once upon a time there were three little pigs. They lived with their kind old mother near a large, dark forest. One day, they decided to build their own houses. The first little pig used straw. He took his straw-cutting tools and his new lawnmower, and built a little straw house. The second little pig used sticks. He took his woodcutting tools and some old paintbrushes and built a small wooden house. The third little pig, who was a very hard worker, used bricks.

Words that need To be stressed

UNDERSTANDING AMERICAN ENGLISH

Voice and Accent

What American Accent Purpose/ Why Since we are dealing with the American customer it is important that we understand how the accent differs. How

Unit 6

Explain the American sound shifts. Support with examples. Play audio file: Arthur The Rat. Fill in the blanks. Discuss the various accents in US: Southern, Californian, Eastern

Process Template: The American Sounds

Sample

The American Sound Shifts:

Accents occur in the mouth, but have to be breathed out. There are three factors that make the American English different to the Global English. 1. The AW change: The British AW sound changes to the AA sound in the American English Examples: Bob, Dog, Doctor etc.

FLUENCY

Voice and Accent

What Fluency Purpose/ Why Once a person learns the correct sounds and pronunciation, he/she needs to be able to translate it to speech. This translation of thoughts into speech using the correct sounds is Fluency with the speech. How

Unit 7

Introducing various topics to the class Have each trainee express their thoughts in 2 minutes. Give constructive feedback.

Process Template: Free Speech Topics

Sample

1. 2. Free speech topics 3. 4.

Window Exercise Sell the Object Hot Seat My favorite Vacation Spot