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COM 561-218-6229

COMPUTER NETWORKING The Basics

Presented by Gwan Tio

2/2009

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Goal Of This Presentation

To give you an idea what it takes to create a home or office network. You can do it! To give you the basic concepts of networking This is not a step by step tutorial
Each network equipment manufacturer designs their system differently Networking has many functions and a complex background

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Why Networking?

You have more than one computer Every computer can surf the internet at the same time Share files (e.g. docs, pictures, music, etc) Share peripherals (e.g. printers, hard drives, etc)

Where Do You Start?

Services & Computers CDSBOCA.COM 561-218-6229

you must have broadband!!!

Modem
DSL
Phone jack

Computer

Wall

Cable
Cable TV

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How Do You Network?

There are two major options that must be carefully considered:

Wired Wireless

A wired or wireless network is often called Local Area Network (LAN)

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Equipment

You need to add a ROUTER between the modem and your computer(s) The router creates the connectivity and enables sharing of resources between the computers Most home networks (LAN) use a wireless router that combines wired and wireless connectivity

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Basic Network

After adding a router, you got a LAN

wireless

modem

ethernet

Router

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Router and Cables

Ethernet

Phone

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Wired

By nature, wired is more reliable and makes the fastest connection Installation of the cabling through your home may require a professional May be hard or impossible to install Almost no mobility

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Wireless

The obvious choice for mobility Speed is unpredictable Speed is usually lower than wired Speed decreases with more users Interference with obstruction and other electronic devices Confusing standards (wireless a,b,g,and n)

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Combo Wired/Wireless

The combination of wired and wireless is the most common method The best of both worlds in one network
Notebooks go wireless Desktops go wired

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ROUTER

Routers must be configured to work with your Internet Service

Use the setup Wizard that comes with the router Use manual configuration using the built-in menus Call the tech-support of the router manufacturer to help you Call your local computer store for an onsite service

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Router Functions

It is the gateway to the outside world (World Wide Web) It stops unauthorized access to your computers from outside your network It directs data traffic from and to your computer It can control access to the internet It controls wireless access from wireless computers

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IP Address

IP stands for Internet Protocol All devices must have a unique IP address within the network IP Address notation is usually in dotted decimal xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx For example: 68.213.195.10

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Your IP Address

Your ISP (Cable or DSL) assigns you an IP Address when you sign-up The address can be:
Dynamic (most used) Static (only per request, cost extra)

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Dynamic IP Address

Dynamic means that your IP Address can and will change over time You will not notice the change There is nothing you need to do Automatically changing the IP Address helps your computers security

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Public vs. Private IP Address

The IP Address assigned to you by your ISP is called a Public IP Address, and is unique in the world wide web (www) The IP Addresses used inside your house is called private address, and is unique only within your network (house) The most used private IP Address range is 192.168.x.x

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Public vs. Private

Your House
192.168.1.10 192.168.1.29

Neighbor left

PC1

PC2

Neighbor right

router

192.168.1.1

68.213.195.27
modem

68.213.195.150 68.213.195.240

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Private IP Address

Just like the public type, private IP Address can be dynamic or static Static address is assigned by you (the user or technician) and never changes Dynamic address is assigned by the router automatically

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Private IP Address

Static IP address administration can be cumbersome and error prone. The user must know and keep track of all addresses in use. Dynamic IP Address is the preferred method because it is easiest. The router will do the job without user involvement

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Special Terms (FYI)

1. DNS: the IP Addresses for the Domain Name System (Preferred and Alternate) 2. Default Gateway: the IP address that points to your router (usually 192.168.1.1) 3. DHCP: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, provides dynamic IP adresses 4. Subnet mask: Usually set to 255.255.255.0

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Wireless Configuration

You should set up the wireless security in your router. It will prevent:
Unauthorized access Data/identity theft Abuse and vandalism

Follow the guidance in your manual how to do this

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Wireless Configuration

Three most common security methods that can be used simultaneously, if desired. You need at least one method.
WPA2, WPA, and WEP Encryption, data is scrambled White list MAC addresses (Media Access Control), unlisted addresses cant gain access Suppress SSID (Service Set Identifier), unauthorized people cant see your network

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HELP!

Go to your router manufacturers website Use Google to find networking support websites Call for on-site help from a professional from Computer Design & Service at 561218-6229 (sorry, we do not trouble shoot on the phone)