A SEMINAR ON PRACTICAL TRAINING TAKEN AT

POWER LINE CARRIER COMMUNICATION

RAJASTHAN RAJYA VIDHUT PRASARAN NIGAM LIMITED PLCC SECTION OF 132 KV,CHAMBAL G.S.S, JAIPUR
SUBMITTED BY: GAGANDEEP SING TOOR E&C (FINAL YEAR) A.I.E.T ,JAIPUR

INTRODUCTION OF R.S.E.B.
* RSEB started working from 1 July 1957
y The aim of RSEB is to supply electricity to

entire Rajasthan state in most economical way

y The target of board is to distribute energy

in new areas as possible

 For betterment and profit, privatization of

RSEB has been done recently . It has been divided in five main parts, they are

1) 2) 3) 4) 5)

Electricity production authority: RRVUNL Electricity transmission authority: RRVVNL Distribution authority for Jaipur: JVVNL Distribution authority for Jodhpur: JDVVNL Distribution authority for Ajmer: AVVNL

INTRODUCTION OF PLCC
y POWER LINE CARRIER COMMUNICATION

Power line carrier communication has been found to be the most economical and reliable method for communication medium and long distance in a power network.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF PLCC EQUIPMENTS (ETI)

The multipurpose equipment type ETI-21 and ETI-22 transmit simultaneously speech and multiplexed Tele operation signals in SSB technique over high voltage lines of cables.

PARTS OF THE EQUIPMENT

y The equipment is built on three main parts:-

yLow frequency multiplex signal yCarrier frequency signal yPower supply unit

CONSTRUCTION
y 1-It is built in MODULE ELECTRONICS

SYSTEM(MES)
y 2-There are two type of ETI Equipment: y a:ETI-21, b:ETI-22 ETI-21 use for 3wire,double channel ETI-22 use for 4wire,double channel

MODE OF OPERATION
y PLCC Unit Provide Five type of operation:

1:TELEPHONE FACILITES 2:COMPRESSOR & EXPANDER 3:EMERGENCY CALL 4:SIGNAL BOOSTING 5:SUPERVISION & ALARMS

GENERAL MODULATION PRINCIPLE

Modulation Types of modulation:y Amplitude Modulation y Frequency Modulation y Phase Modulation Demodulation

EQUIPMENTS USED IN PLCC

y In PLCC the following equipments are used:-

y PLCC Station y Line matching unit y CVT/CC y Earth switch y Lightening Arrestor y Wave Trap y Coaxial cable

SPECIFICATIONS OF PLCC
1)GENERAL y Carrier frequency range :- 40 to 512 KHZ y Useful AF band :- 300 to 3,700 KHZ 2)TRNSMITTER y R.F.TRANSMITTING POWER; -peak envelope power :- 25w -side band power :- 15w

` 3)POWER SUPPLY -DC SUPPLY -CAPACITY - POWER CONSUMPTION : 24 V : 800 AH :< 80 W

BASIC PRINCIPLE OF PLCC

 In PLCC the higher mechanical strength and insulation level of high voltage power lines result in increased reliability of communication.  Since telephone communication system can not be directly connected to the high voltage lines, suitably designed coupling devices have to be employed.  Coupling devices consists of high voltage capacitors in conjunction with suitable line matching units(LMUs) for line impedance matching.

The basic arrangement of connecting the WT and coupling capacitor in PLCC communication is shown in the figure below

TYPES OF COUPLING
 Phase to ground coupling  Phase to phase coupling  Interline or inter circuit coupling

(a) PHASE TO GROUND COUPLING )

(b) PHASE TO PHASE COUPLING

(C) INTERLINE OR INTER CIRCUIT COUPLING

WAVE TRAPS
Wave traps (WTs) are used between the transmission line and the power stations to avoid carrier power dislocation in the power plant and cross talk with other power line carrier circuits connected to the same power station. WTs also ensure proper operating conditions and signal levels at the PLCC transmit receive equipment irrespective of switching conditions of the power circuits and equipment in the station.

WAVE TRAP

LIGHTNING ARRESTER
y The ground wires running over the towers provides

an adequate protection against lighting called L.A. y A good light arrester must pass the following properties:

1:It should not absorb any current during normal operation, but during over voltage surge it must provide an easy way to the earth. 2:After the over voltage discharge, it must be capable of interrupting the normal frequency of current from flowing to ground as soon as voltages reaches below break down value.

DIAGRAM OF L.A.

BATTERY CHARGER
PLCC (Power Line Carrier Communication) works on rectified AC or main. When supply goes off, we use BATTERY CHARGER for proper functioning of PLCC Battery charger mainly consists of 4 sections

1. Float charger 2. Boost charger section 3. Control section 4. Alarm section

ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES OF PLCC

ADVANTAGES
2

1. No separate wires are needed for communication purpose. Hence the cost is less. 2. Power lines usually provide the shortest route between the power stations. 3. Power lines have large cross-sectional area resulting in very low resistance per unit length

DISADVANTAGES
1. Proper care has to be taken to guard carrier equipment and persons

using them against high voltages and currents on the lines.

2. Reflections are produced on spur lines connected to high voltage

lines. This increases attenuation and creates problem.

CONCLUSION
A practical training for a period of 30 days provided me with an in-depth knowledge about POWER LINE CARRIER COMMUNICATION (PLCC).

THANK YOU

QUERIES ?