Lecture-1

Fall 2010

Course Introduction Lecturer Introduction Policies Q/A

The desire to collect, organize, and easily access information predates computer technology
Oral records Written records (books)

Computers, like books, have altered the way we collect, store, and retrieve information

A database is a computer solution for fast, efficient, accurate, and secure data access
Play a crucial role in the growing dominance of

internet-based technology Used for a variety of purposes:

Online shopping Driving directions Class enrollment and online grades Manufacturing company, Bank, Hospital

Accounting Systems Point-of-Sale Inventory Control Customer Information Systems (Customer Relationship Management) Document Management Healthcare Storage of any persistent data!

Database is an organized collection of related data that is stored in an efficient and compact manner.
Organized: data can be used easily Related: Data related to one topic. Data relate to

each other. An hospital database is different from a manufacturing firm database. Efficient: User can search and retrieve data easily. Compact: Stored data occupies as little space as possible.

The term data refers to known facts that can be recorded and preserved
Include text, graphics, images, and/or video
ID 1 2 3 4 5 6 Name Andrew Robert Bob Lee Hung Richard Tony Address SW 16 Ave 23 Terrace 52nd Avenue 52nd Avenue 999 Palm Bay 15th Avenue
rd th

City Orlando Boston Bronx Albany Detroit Austin

State FL MA NY NY MI TX

Data in Context

Data in a tabular form is structured

ID 1 2 3 4 5 6 Name Andrew Robert Bob Lee Hung Richard Tony Address SW 16 Ave 23 Terrace 52nd Avenue 52nd Avenue 999 Palm Bay 15th Avenue
rd th

City Orlando Boston Bronx Albany Detroit Austin

State FL MA NY NY MI TX

Multimedia data: photos, videos are unstructured data

Information is the processed data presented in a form suitable for human interpretation
The same data can be processed in a variety of

ways to generate different kinds of information Data => Processing => Information

Information Pie Chart

It is more meaningful than data and is used for making decision. Example:
Fact about student is data => List of students of

each batch is information. GPA of students is data => GPA wise segregation of students is information

DATA

INFORMATION

Data Consists of Information is the unprocessed raw facts processed form of data Data is used as input of Information is the the computer output of the computer Data is not meaningful Information is meaningful

Metadata is data about data

It is used to describe the properties and characteristics of

some other data. It also includes the rules and constraints about data. An additional description of data to be processed
Name ID Name Data Type Number Text Text Text Text Number Size 4 50 200 50 2 5 Description Unique Student ID Student name Mailing Address Residential City Residential State ZIP Code

Metadata

Address City State ZIP

Fundamental object of the database structure. The basic purpose of the table is to store data.
Rows & Columns Row is the horizontal part of the table Column is the vertical part of the table

The DBMS is a collection of programs that are used to create, maintain, and provide controlled access to the database.
A DMBS provides a systemic method of creating,

updating, storing, and retrieving data in a database. Also provides facilities for controlled data access