Indirect Speech

(Reported Speech)

vorbirea indirecta prezentare

Indirect Speech

Vorbirea indirecta presupune repetarea a ceea ce s-a scris sau s-a spus intr-o comunicare. Se considera transformarile de pe slide-urile urmatoare doar atunci cand verbul de raportat este la un timp trecut. Atunci cand verbul este la prezent, timpurile din propozitiile care se raporteaza raman neschimbate.

Transformari vb. directa vb. indirecta

Present Simple Present Continuous Past Simple Present Perfect Simple Past Perfect Simple Past Continuous Present Perfect Continuous Past Perfect Continuous

Past Simple Past Continuous

Past Perfect Simple

Past Perfect Continuous

Transformari vb. directa vb. indirecta

Will Would Shall Should Can Could May Might Must

=> => => => => => => => =>

Would Would Should Should Could Could Might Might Must

Transformari vb. directa

Here Now Today Yesterday 2 days/ 3 years (etc.)ago Last month/ year etc. Tomorrow Next year/summer etc.

vb. indirecta
There Then That day The day before/ the previous day 2 months/ 3 years (etc.) before A (the) month/ year (etc.) before; The previous month/ year The next day/ the following day The next year/summer etc.

exemple

Present Simple I dont want this book., he said (dont want => (this => Present Continuous Shes working hard for this presentation, I told my manager. (is working => (this =>

Past Simple He said he didnt want that book didnt want) that)

Past Continuous I told my manager (that) she was working hard for that presentation was working) That)

exemple

Past Simple Tom gave up his job yesterday, my brother informed me.
(gave up (yesterday => =>

Past Perfect Simple My brother informed me (that) Tom had given up his job the previous day.

had given up) the previous day)

Present Perfect Simple I have written a poem, she exclaimed.

(have written =>

Past Perfect Simple She exclaimed (that) she had written a poem.

had written)

Past Perfect Simple I had forgotten my wallet, he explained.

(had forgotten => (my =>

Past Perfect Simple He explained he had forgotten his wallet.

had forgotten) his)

exemple

Past Continuous I was reading the book at this time yesterday,she said.
(was reading => (this =>

Past Perfect Continuous She said she had been reading the newspaper at that time yesterday.

had been reading) that)

Present Perfect Continuous My mum has been calling you since lunch time, he told me.
(my => (has been calling => (you =>

Past Perfect Continuous He told me his mum had been calling me since lunch time.

his) had been calling) me)

Past Perfect Continuous I had been repairing the car for one hour before your arrival, he claimed.
(I => (had been repairing => (your =>

Past Perfect Continuous He claimed he had been repairing the car for one hour before my arrival.

he) had been repairing) my)

exemple

Will She will do it, I exclaimed. Will I will have finished by then, he said. Would I would like a piece of cake, he said. Should You should take care, he told me.

Would I exclaimed that she would do it. Would He said he would have finished by then. Would He said (that) he would like a piece of cake. Should He told me (that) I should take care.

exemple

Can My brother can swim, she boasted. May You may go there, I told my boy. Might It might rain tonight, I said. Must You musnt eat that, he told her.

Could She boasted her brother could swim. Might I told my boy he might go there. Might I said it might rain that night. Must He told her she mustnt eat that.

Intrebari atentie la ordinea cuvintelor!!! (din interogativ trece in afirmativ)

Why are you going there?, he asked. Where do you live?, she asked. Has she been there?, my mum wondered. Who are you?, she asked him.

He asked why I was going there. She asked where I lived. My mum wondered if she had been there. She asked him who he was.

Infinitive, exclamatii

Type these letters, the boss told his secretary. Dont go there!, I told my boy. What a nice morning!, she exclaimed. Congratulations!, he told his wife. Taxi!, he shouted. Merry Christmas!, she told us.

The boss told his secretary to type those letters. I told my boy not to go there. She exclaimed that the morning was nice. He congratulated his wife.

He called a taxi. She wished us Merry Christmas.