INLAND WATERWAYS AND PORT

KANIKA BHARGAVI GREESHMA SHEETAL ANJAN KUMAR

PORTS

Xijiang River Port China

Dictionary Definition Of Port

India And Ports

Ports are an important form of infrastructure in Indian economy. They play a vital role in facilitating international trade and commerce by providing an interface between the ocean transport and land-based transport. India has an extensive coastline of about 7517 km spreading on the Western and Eastern shelves of the mainland as well as along the Islands. It has a wellestablished port infrastructure covering 12 major ports and 200 minor/intermediate ports (non-major ports), spreading across 9 coastal States. These major ports come under the Central Government, while non-major ports (minor/ intermediate ports) come under the jurisdiction of the respective State Governments.

Port Management Models

There are 4 major port management models in logistics: Public Service Port Private Service Port Tool Port Landlord Port

Basic Port Management Table

The following table gives the detailed data about the major ports of India for the financial year 2009-10 and percentage growth over 2008-09 (Source: Indian Ports Association):

Functions Of Port
Ports are one of the most important logistical systems in a sense of global circulation and trade. The functions of ports are: Transport (circulation) function Commercial function Industrial function Distributional function

Transport (circulation) function of ports

The most important port function is surely transport (circulation) function. Without this function, there is no business and no profit. For successful execution of business activities, ports have to fit next requirements: Proper facilities (port infrastructure and superstructure) Good transport links with hinterland Extended sea transport links Optimal benefit of all required demands is possible only when adjusting port capacities, transport possibilities of continental transport and proper amount of sea links

Commercial function of ports

In ports are gathering huge amounts of goods for local needs and for all continental countries which are not connected with the sea. Commercial function depends on transport (circulation) function of ports. For efficient commercial work, ports must follow: Good continental and sea links Concentration of goods on the port area Proper warehousing capabilities In port, commercial function includes purchase and sale activities and additional goods service that rise up the value of goods.

Industrial function of ports

Economical advantages of strategic industrial zones in ports are: Rising up of trade and employment Involving the country in international trade Increasing the competitive abilities of port industry against the continental industry Basic condition for effective work of industrial function of port is surely transport (circulation) function. At present, all new port projects involve industrial zones and port zones with all possibilities and additional infrastructure for competitive business.

Distributional function of ports

All previous functions were cause for development of distribution and thinking how to improve the concept of distribution. Active cooperation of transport (circulation), commercial and industrial functions had stimulated the beginning of distributional function of ports and its proper organization. We understand distributional role of ports as function that appears as a part of supply chain. It is noticeable that some bigger shippers are also operators on separate container terminals that have also become consolidation points (logisticdistributional centers).

Distributional function of ports

Practically we know two types of distributional centers inside the ports, which are: Distributional centers, where shipments are sent to some smaller centers, from where it is easier to distribute the goods to the final customer Distributional centers, from where goods are shipped directly to the final customer

Major Ports

Major Port Traffic Composition

Non Major Ports

State wise Performance

Shipping: Advantages and Disadvantages

Advantages
Ideal for transporting heavy and bulky goods Suitable for products with long lead times Low fuel consumption, thus cheaper

Disadvantages
Longer lead/delivery times Bad weather Difficult to monitor exact location of goods in transit Customs and Excise restrictions Could be costly

 inland transport.pptx