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Stellar Evolution...
Refers to the life cycle of stars is based on the H-R diagram. Theoretical plots of the H-R diagram are compared to real star data and observations. (Computer simulations of the nuclear reactions inside a star match up with what we observe. )
F. hydrostatic equilibrium--a balance between pressure of gases and gravity Hydrostatic equilibrium: the star is now stable and remains main sequence for the majority of its lifeour Sun is a class G2V star
G. How does mass affect the time of star formation? --larger masses contract faster and burn brighter H. How does the mass of main sequence star affect its lifetime? --larger masses die faster (run out of hydrogen faster)
Red Giants
C. energy released causes 1. Star to be brighter 2. Size to increase D. Expansion causes the overall surface temperature to decrease E. Further contraction at the core causes Heavier elements to form (carbon & oxygen)
Red Giants
F. Examples are 1. Betelgeuse (actually a red supergiant) 2. Arcturus (appear red/orange in the sky)
IV. Planetary nebula stage Red Giant star loses mass, forming a planetary nebula
For our sunall this takes ~10 billion years from beginning to end.
Many have been detected in star forming regions like the Orion Nebula.