Analysis & Design of Metamaterial

for Electromagnetic Cloaking

(End Semester progress report for July-Dec 2011)

Tarun Kumar (Enroll. No. 10402011) PhD Scholar, ECE Dept. JIIT, Noida tk.parashar@gmail.com Supervisor: Prof. N. Kalyansundaram

Acknowledgment:
DPMC Members and Interested attendees

Outlines:
Introduction Electromagnetic Properties of Ferromagnetic Microwires Achieving DNG behavior with Ferromagnetic Microwires array Analysis of Microwires array Conclusion References

Introduction
Research on metamaterials has been basically driven by the development of microstructures relying on the artificial magnetism generated by split ring resonators (SRRs) or other types of current loops. This approach often requires the combination of two separate arrays being able to combine, in a given frequency range, a double (electric and magnetic) negative response. Ferromagnetic microwires are known to be suitable particles in the design of MTMs. The main advantage of using such particles lies on their capability to provide double-negative behaviour with only one single element. On the one hand, ferromagnetic microwires have an electrical response similar to conductive wires so a negative permittivity can be created by an array of such wires.

Electromagnetic Properties of Ferromagnetic Microwires

The use of ferromagnetic materials as constituents of microstructured devices has the important asset of providing tunability of the EM responses as a function of an adjustable applied magnetic field. It is known that the ferromagnetic resonance FMR phenomenon typically occurs at microwave frequencies for different types materials.[6] The employed glass coated amorphous microwires have a general composition Co100xFex0.725Si12.5B15. Parameter x represents here the variable fraction of FIG. 1. (a) view of a partially removed glass iron in the alloy .[6]

coat amorphous microwire ,(b) schematic view of the waveguide setup employed in the experiments for configurations including a dc current source.[6]

Contd..

Fig. 2. Geometry of the problem with relevant polarizations.[1]

where m=0Ms stands for the resonance frequency at the saturation limit, is the gyromagnetic ratio, Ms is the saturation magnetization, 0=0Hs and is the Larmor resonance frequency. Moreover, is a dimensionless damping factor taking into account magnetic losses.[4]

Contd..
The effective permeability and the propagation constant for the extraordinary waves supported by the medium are, respectively, given by

Contd

Fig. 2. Real and imaginary part of the effective permeability for the considered ferromagnetic microwires.[1]

Achieving DNG behavior with Ferromagnetic Microwires array

If the density of electrons in these wires is n, the density of these active electrons in the structure as a whole is given by the fraction of space occupied by the wire, [5] (11) (12) Following expression gives an effective dielectric function of the structure:[5]
FIG. 3. The periodic structure is composed of infinite wires arranged in a simple cubic lattice, joined at the corners of the where is the conductivity of the metal. lattice. [5]

(13)

Analysis of microwires array

E E k z k E y E

Fig.-5: The geometry of the planar regular array of microwires [2]

Analysis is to be explained on board!!

Conclusion
The analysis of the scattering from Ferromagnetic Microwires array provides physical insight into the interaction between electromagnetic fields and ferromagnetic microwires, contributing with an intuitive vision, which can be helpful for the development of prototypes. The use of ferromagnetic materials as constituents of microstructured devices has the important asset of providing tunability of the EM responses as a function of an adjustable applied magnetic field. On the basis of analysis of 2-D planar array, a 3-D array can be modeled. Theoretical results are yet to be confirmed with simulation

References
[1] Iigo Liberal, Iigo Ederra, Cristina Gmez-Polo, Alberto Labrador, Jose Ignacio Prez Landazbal, and Ramn Gonzalo, Theoretical Modeling and Experimental Verification of the Scattering From a Ferromagnetic Microwire, IEEE Transaction on Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 59, no. 3, March 2011. [2] S. Tretyakov, Analytical Modeling in Applied Electromagnetics. Norwood, MA: Artech House, 2003. [3] J. Carbonell, H. Garcia-Miquel, and J. Sanchez-Dehesa, Double negative metamaterials based on ferromagnetic microwires, Phys. Rev. B, Condens. Matte. [4] D. Pozar, Microwave Engineering. New York: Wiley, 2005.r, vol. 81, no. 2, 2010, Art. ID 024401. [5] J. Pendry, A. Holden, W. Stewart, and I. Youngs, Extremely low frequency plasmons in metallic mesostructures, Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 76, no. 25, pp. 47734776, 1996. [6] H. Garca-Miquel, J. Carbonell,a and J. Snchez-Dehesa Left handed material based on amorphous ferromagnetic microwires tunable by dc current APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS 97, 094102 2010. [7] Felsen L.B. and N. Marcuvitz, Radiation and Scattering of Waves Piscataway, NJ: IEEE Press, 1991.