Presented by : B.

Madhan 4th ECE

PLASTIC MEMORY

contents
Introduction What Is Plastic Memory? Structure Of Plastic Memory Spin Electronic Structure How Plastic Memory Works? Read / write data Comparison With Flash Memory Advantages Conclusion

MEMORY ORGANISATION

Computer memory refers to devices that are used to store data or programs on a temporary or permanent basis for use in an electronic digital computer .

Computers represent information in binary code, written as sequences of 0s and 1s.

Computer memory is usually referred to the semiconductor technology that is used to store information in electronic devices.

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Types of Memory
MEMORY

NON VOLATIL E MEMORY

VOLATILE MEMORY

ROM

HYBRID

RAM

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Introduction
Main Challenge in Computer Construction is the design of new memory chips with decreased size. Plastic memory was invented by Researchers at Princeton University working with Hewlett-Packard. It is 10 times denser than current magnetic memories.

Why plastic ?
The recent development in the memory was a

new form of permanent computer memory which uses plastic and may be much cheaper and faster than the silicon circuits.
This memory is technically a hybrid that contains

a plastic film, a flexible foil substrate and some silicon

Here flash memory can be rewritten,while it is

written only once but it can read several times.

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What Is Plastic Memory?

A method of storing the digital information

by using the plastic POLYMER called PEDOT.

It is a two terminal device that can be written

& erased repeatedly by voltage pulses for e.g. 4V & +4V.

It is a technique that store a megabit of data in a

millimeter square device.

While experimenting with a polymer material known as PEDOT, determined that although the plastic conducts electricity at low voltages, it permanently loses its conductivity when exposed to higher voltages.
Taking advantage of this property to store digital information, which can be stored as collections of ones and zeros.

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Structure Of Plastic Memory

A two-terminal device in which an organic

semiconducting polymer is placed between two electrodes, Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) and aluminum.

The experimental devices contain two polymer layers.

The first layer consist of PEDOT:PSS to

which an inorganic salt (e.g. lithium triflate) and plasticizer (Ethylene Carbonate, EC) have been added.
The second layer consists of poly(3-

hexylthiophene) (P3HT) with the plasticizer.

Motion of the ions present in the device under influence of an electric field is expected to switching between a high and a low conduction state, called ON and OFF state of a memory device.

POLYTHYLENE DI-OXYTHIOPENE(PEDOT):
PEDOT's ability to conduct electricity. It is already used

widely as the anti-static coating on camera film. But until now, no one suspected that it could be converted into an insulator.
The material is a blend of a negatively charged polymer

called PSS and a positively charged one called PED.

SPINTR0NIC STRUCTURE
Conventional electronic devices rely on the transport of

electrical charge carriers - electrons - in a semiconductor such as silicon .

Here we exploit the 'spin' of the electron rather than its

charge to create a remarkable new generation of 'spintronic' devices which will be smaller, more versatile for currently making up silicon chips and circuit elements.

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CHARGE VS SPIN
One advantage of spin over charge is that spin

can be easily manipulated by externally applied magnetic fields, a property already in use in magnetic storage technology.
Moving electrons through circuit boards creates

heat, and it takes a lot of energy to cool them.

Flipping the spin of an electron requires less

energy, and produces hardly any heat at all.

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HOW IT WORKS?

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WORKING

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READ WRITE ERASE CYCLE

(1) A -6V pulse is applied to bring the memory in its written state. (2) The memory is read at -2.5V below i.e. at -3.5 V. (3) A +6V pulse is applied to erase to memory.
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Read / write data Comparison For reading For Writing

To read the memory, they run current through the top wire and measure the current in the bottom wire. No current means the bit is a zero, and current means the bit is a one. To store the memory, it use the wires and surrounding the PEDOT blob to run either a high or a low current through it.

FABRICATION
REEL-REEL
LITHOGRAPHY FILM ETCHING VACCUM DEPOSITION

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Electronic Microscopic View

COMPARISION WITH SILICON MEMORY

SPEED : Plastic memory is fast than Silicon NO OF TRANSISTORS: It requires far fewer transistors, typically only 0.5M (million) for 1GB of storage compared to silicon's 1.5-6.5B (billion
POWER CONSUMPTION : It has very low power

consumption as it uses spintronics for producing data

AREA:The control circuitry only occupies 1-5% of

total transistor area.

Advantages

One mega bits of information could fit into a millimeter-square device. Technology could potentially store more data than flash. Its flexible compared to other silicon devices. It is Eco-friendly & non-toxic. It's a very cheap technology which gives it a upper hand over other technology.

CHALLENGES
It can be read many times but it can be write only ones.

The biggest challenge is developing production

technique.

COMPANIES INVOLVED IN THE RESEARCH OF THIS TECHNOLOGY:

Applications of Plastic Memory

CONCLUSION
Plastic memory is much cheaper and faster than

the existing silicon circuit.

Speed, production, energy consumption, storage

capacity and cost is better than magnetic memories.

Memory cannot be rewritten, but can be read very

fast and with low power consumption.