Techniques for analysing traffic to measure the LRIC of interconnection services

Brussels, 10.12.1999
Prof. Dr. Ing. Klaus Hackbarth, GIT/UNICAN
www.dicom/unican.es klaus@tlmat.unican.es

Ralph-Georg Woehrl, WIK

www.wik.org kostenmodell@wik.org

Content

Aims of bottom-up network analysis Efficient narrow-band network design Traffic analysis: Basis for cost allocation of interconnection services INEDAC software tool Link layer module TAROCA Transmission layer module TOGOCA Theory and practice

Aims of bottom-up network analysis

Cost-oriented interconnection charges

based on FL-LRAIC

Overcoming the asymmetric information problem Understanding the nature of telcos network costs Independence of incumbents database Transparent rate setting process

Aims of bottom-up network analysis

Identifying cost drivers of interconnection services

busy hour Erlang (bhe),busy hour call attempts (bhca)

Identifying network elements that are used in the efficient provision of interconnection services

compliance with the long run incremental cost standard, i.e. if traffic is the main cost driver, than the first element from a subscriber viewpoint which is concentrating or blocking traffic is a component of the network relevant for interconnection

Efficient narrowband network design

Types of network models

Functional layer model

vertical view of the network OSI reference model modelling the link layer and physical layer horizontal view of the network geographical extensions of a network used to identify relevant elements

Partition model

Efficient narrowband network design

Partition model of the PSTN/ISDN

Subscriber Access Network

ANI

Access Network

SNI

Backbone Network

local loop MDF SLIC

remote concentrator ADM/SDH fibre rings

local/area exchanges
transit exchanges DX4/SDH meshed fibre topology POIs

non-traffic sensitive
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traffic sensitive part

+ traffic routing

Efficient narrowband network design

Network design in functional layer model

Two-tier backbone network

upper level and lower level backbone nodes form a heavy meshed network structure Degree of meshing determined thresholds
Star or double star topology on the logical layer Ring structure on the transport layer Local switching functions in intermediate nodes

One-tier or two-tier access network

Efficient narrowband network design

Network design (logical layer)

Efficient narrowband network design

Network design (transport layer)

Efficient narrowband network design

Input data for the core network model

Network data

estimated outgoing traffic per line

analogue,

basic and primary rate ISDN

MDF-locations; number of lines

design assumptions

Investment data

asset replacement values and structure parameters

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mark-up for indirectly attributable investment

Efficient narrowband network design

Network dimensioning

Node classification and assignment Traffic matrix generation Traffic routing and circuit group dimensioning Transfer of routing data into a physical dimensioning Topology design Circuit routing System assignment

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Traffic analysis: Basis for cost allocation of interconnection services

The INEDAC Program Tool

INEDAC
Logical layer Physical layer

TAROCA

TOGOCA

Cost analysis

ITAGO

INEDAC (Integrated network design, dimensioning and cost calculation) Coperation between GIT and WIK Analyses costs and interconnection issues in telcomsnetworks ITAGO: Interface between TAROCA and TOGOCA

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Three layer basic model of TAROCA

(Traffic routing and cost analysis)

Three level logical layer model and the corresponding nomenclature

I

eIJ eiJ eiI

eIi

eJi eij

ei1i2
Vi1

Vi2

Vj Lower level backbone (transit) node Concentrator

Va

upper level backbone (transit) node

Access node (subscriber switching node)

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First extension of the basic model

Model extension by duplication of upper backbone nodes

I1 I1 I1 I1 Final link Direct link between lower level nodes Direct link between a lower and an upper level node

Duplication of the upper backbone nodes and the final links for network reliability and congestion avoidance

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Second extension of the basic model

Model extension by functional separation:

Direct link between lower level nodes I J First overflow link between a lower and an upper level

Final link Function of the upper level node i j Function of the lower level node Function of the subscriber level node

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Third extension of the basic model

Model with doubling and separation

Internal connection between switching functions inside of one node
I J

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Design and dimensioning procedures inside of TAROCA

CLASIG - classification and assignation of nodes

TRADIS - traffic distribution

FTRAROUT - first traffic routing and circuit calculation STFTRAROUT - second, third and fourth traffic routing

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CLASIG

Level determination for each node depending on traffic values and distance threshold Assignation of lower level nodes to upper level nodes by distance and capacity limits Assignation of POIs and of the interconnection traffic

only at upper level backbone nodes at each backbone node mixed: one part at upper level backbone node and the other one at each backbone node

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TRADIS

Traffic per subscriber line

outgoing and intra traffic outgoing and incoming general interconnection traffic outgoing and incoming special interconnection traffic first the intra-node traffic second the traffic matrix between all nodes using a generic traffic distribution function with two figures, traffic load and geographical distance. third for each node the total incoming intra-net traffic and fourth for each interconnecting node the total outgoing and incoming interconnection traffic (general and special)

Calculations

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FTRAROUT

Routing between access and backbone part Access nodes assigned to a specific backbone node build a star shaped cluster Backbone nodes complete meshed structure No distinction between lower and upper BB-nodes Dimensioning of circuits under Erlang - traffic loss formula (Poisson distribution) Both-way use of the E1-Groups (max. 30 circuits)

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STFoTRAROUT

Constitutes direct links between lower backbone nodes Calculates the overflow traffic to the first overflow path Constitutes direct/first overflow links between a lower and an upper backbone node Calculates overflow traffic to the links of the final path
vli vlj

tijo, vijo tijo, vijo

vi

tijc

vj

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Theory and Practice

Node input file (525 sites) Configuration parameter file

Election of optimal parameters Criteria of minimisation: groups*length Results :

nnodt 525 nnodl1 nnodl2 nnodl3 425 80 20

Demonstration of the tool

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Theory and Practice

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Theory and Practice

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Theory and Practice

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Theory and Practice

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TOGOCA and its relation with logical layers

ISDN

E1
ISDN

ITAGO
E1

Frame Relay

ATM

E3 STM1

E3

STM1

Transport network optimisation was based in the past only on PST/ISDN neglecting demand for FR and broadband/multimedia Stable Demand structures and tools for FR and ATM layer emulation currently hardly available, the INEDAC project uses as first approximation a linear approach based on E1 demand thresholds and hence TOGOCA design the physical network for multi requirements

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ITAGO
TAROCA and TOGOCA are stand alone tools with their proper data structure

ITAGO connects both tools and generates:

a node list from all backbone nodes of TAROCA a demand list from the logical backbone links of TAROCA considering either demand splitting for multipath-routing or additional stand-by capacity for each demand relation adds to the demand list groups from other logical layers and leased lines (mainly E3 from Frame Relay and STM-1 groups from ATM) an initial physical topology under distance thresholds
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Transport network design module TOGOCA

The main task of TOGOCA is: design of the physical topology for the transport network routing of the demand groups assignement of transmission systems and crossconnect equipment cost analysis based on nodes, links and routes

TOGOCA considers transmission systems and crossconnecting equipment from the SDH/SONET hierarchy and fibre optical physical links
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Global Structure of TOGOCA

TOGOCA scenario file

Node file
Link file Demand file SDH parameter file Cost related file

Interface Toot

Interface Route

Interface Sysassign

Result Toot Sup E3 Sup STM1

Result Route
<scn>_soredge_flow.txt

Result Sysassign

ITAGO
TAROCA node file TAROCA E1 group file

<scn>_tootsol.txt <scn>_sornod.txt <scn>_tootana.txt <scn>_sorpta.txt <scn>_sorptr.txt

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Study of an efficient transport network

Topology...(TOOT)
Algorithm INITSOL: Use the pre-configured network from ITACO without any topological optimisation Algorithm BICONSOL: Design of an optimal biconnected network topology
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Study of an efficient transport network (ROUTE)

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Study of an efficient transport network (SYSASSIGN)

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Study of an efficient transport network

Results

Comparison of a network with and without Parameters INITSOL BICONSOL optimisation

Number of links Total costs (million Euros) Routing factor (rfac1) 2427 2515 1.566 91 18.5 10.4324

Cost comparison of an exemplary E1 link in a pure ISDN with an integrated transport network for three logical layers
Alocation of costs Allocation of costs Cost per E1 for ISDN Service Costs per E1 for ISDN Service Cost per E1 for all services Costs per E1 for all service length Length
177 40

E1 E1
116,72 201.25

E3E3
0

STM1 STM1
0

177 40

47,85 121,86 1004,96 3014,89 2559,08 7677,25

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Summary

Advantages of INEDAC

endogenous generation of traffic data and therefore independence from operator input-data ability to emulate any network configuration between already existing and optimised future networks considering state of the art equipment and future evolution possibility to analyse costs of intra-net and interconnection services

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Applications

The Austrian NRA TKC is using the GIT/WIK-model to support decisions on interconnection right now The German NRA Reg TP will use the model to set element based charges for IC services in 2000 Research project MUSSAT for strategic network studies and LRIC evaluation based on a database for all Spanish villages Application of TAROCA/TOGOCA for a strategic design study of the ISDN from Honduras operated by Hondutel

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Future Extensions
TAROCA improvement of the CLASIG Algorithm (PClustA, WHLP) s downstairs traffic overflow traffic matrix generation for distance clusters ITAGO predetermined or pre-optimised initial topologies ring topology around nodes with high traffic load in combination with penalty routing TOGOCA: Extension of the routing concept (three path routing, routing with penalty values for some links) introduction of equipment from DWDM in the module of SYSAG new phontinic layer with corresponding DWEDM equipment as OADM o OX
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optical layer
STM1

DX4/4
Physical layer Transconnection STM1 electric
1 16

Physical layer (Signal transmission) OC 48

1 16

Physical layer (DWDM and transmission)

Optical signal 40 Gbps

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