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The answer to this question is similar to the one for: why do we bother working out averages
Why do we bother with Statistical Diagrams?
and measures of spreads?.
We live in a world jam-packed full of statistics, and if we were forced to look at all the facts
and figures in their raw, untreated form, not only would we probably not be able to make any sense out of them, but there is also a very good chance our heads would explode.
Statistical Diagrams if they are done properly - present those figures in a clear, concise,
visually pleasing way, allowing us to make some sense out of the figures, summarise them, and compare them to other sets of data.
Big Example To the right is a table showing the length of time a group of 40 Year 10 students spent playing on the Nintendo Wii on a gloomy week in January. Draw a Cumulative Frequency Curve, use it to estimate the Median and Inter-Quartile Range, and construct a Box Plot
Frequency 2 5 10 15 5 3
2 5 10
15 5 3
2 7 17
32 37 40
Check: This final entry should always equal the total frequency!
Things to notice about the Cumulative Frequency Curve: 1. When you have finished plotting the points, join them up with a smooth curve. 2. Native the curve starts at (0, 0). This is because there is nobody playing less than 0 hours a week!
3. You must label your axis correctly, or you lose very easy marks!
40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5
Cumulative Frequency
(a) Median
As you hopefully remember, the Median is the MIDDLE value. To find it we: 1. Work out what is 50% of our total frequency (half way up the y axis) 2. Draw a horizontal line across until it hits our curve 3. When it hits the curve, draw a vertical line down to the x axis 4. The value on the x axis is our Median
40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5
Cumulative Frequency
Remember: The Median is a form of average, and just like the Range, The Inter-Quartile Range is a measure of consistency
Lowest value
Highest value
Inter-Quartile Range Range Note: The minimum value is the lowest possible value of your first group, and the maximum value is the highest possible value of your last group
40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5
Cumulative Frequency