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health .
Care
that given patient requires and receivers which assures safe and rational drug usage
Provision
of drug therapy for definite outcomes, Improve a patient's quality of life . Responsible provision ,and definite outcomes . Resolve drug therapy problems Prevent such problems
1-
Develop a care plan to resolve /or prevent drug therapy problems . 2-Assess patient's drug therapy needs and Identify and potential drug therapy . 3- Implement care plan . 4-Evaluate and review care plan
Step
1 assess needs and identify drug problems . 2-develop a care plan 3-implement care plan 4- monitor and review care plan
Patient Care
Involves a patient and a qualified practitioner Requires a face-to-face encounter Practitioner takes responsibility for patients need(s), his/her interventions and the patients outcomes Practitioner provides a service that is consistent, comprehensive and standardized Practitioner assess each patients needs, develops a car plan to meet these needs and follows-up to evaluated the outcomes.
Documentation Reimbursement
SYSTEM LEVEL
INSTITUTIONAL LEVEL
Pharmaceutical Care
PATIENT LEVEL
Knowledge Base
Pathophysiology
Patient
Assessment
Practitioner
Pharmacotherapy Workup
Experience
Medication
Care Plan
Philosophy of Practice Follow-up Evaluation Social Obligation Responsibilities Patient-centered approach Caring Therapeutic Relationship
have a clinical indication at this time. Additional drug therapy is required to treat or prevent a medical condition in the patient. The drug product is not being effective at producing the desired response in the patient. The dosage is too low to produce the desired response in the patient. The drug is causing an adverse drug reaction in the patient. The dosage is too high, resulting in undesirable effects experienced by the patient. The patient is not able or willing to take the drug therapy as intended.
CARE PLAN
What am I going to do for my patient?
EVALUATION
How will we know if it is working?
Continuous Follow-up
CARE PLAN
A structure for working together with a person who may have different understandings, expectations, concerns, and a different value system. Agree on goals of therapy Select interventions to achieve goals of therapy
EVALUATION
Scheduled follow-up intervals during which the pharmacist...
Evaluates current status and progress in meeting therapeutic goals Documents actual patient outcomes Determines whether new problems have developed
Philosophy of practice Therapeutic relationship with patients An understanding of the patients medication experience Rational thought process -pharmacotherapy workup and drug therapy problems Patient care process Documentation system Reimbursement system
Indication
Drug product
Current medication record
Dosage regimen
Medication history
Outcomes
The questions, hypotheses, and cues generated by the Pharmacotherapy Workup are in response to two basic questions:
Unnecessary Drug Therapy Needs Additional Drug Therapy Ineffective Drug Dosage too low Adverse Drug Reaction Dosage too high Non-compliance
The drug therapy is unnecessary because the patient does not have a clinical indication at this time Additional drug therapy is required to treat or prevent a medical condition The drug product is not being effective at producing the desired response The dosage is too low to produce the desired response The drug is causing an adverse reaction The dosage is too high, resulting in undesirable effects The patient is not taking the drug regimen appropriately
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