ABHISHEK

KUMAR SINGH
07RWSCA001
 Brief History of Cryptography

What is Cryptography?
Science of writing Secret Code

The First use of Cryptography in 1900 B.C.

Used by Egyptian Scribe.

Some experts say it appeared right after writing was invented.

 Cryptography is the science of writing in secret code and is an ancient art;

the first documented use of cryptography in writing dates back to circa 1900
B.C. when an Egyptian scribe used non-standard hieroglyphs in an
inscription. Some experts argue that cryptography appeared spontaneously
sometime after writing was invented, with applications ranging from
diplomatic missives to war-time battle plans.
 Two types of Cryptosystems:
 Symmetric
o Uses the same key (the secret key) to encrypt and decrypt a
message.

 Asymmetric
o Uses one key (the public key) to encrypt a message and
a different key (the private key) to decrypt the message.

 There are two kinds of cryptosystems: Symmetric and Asymmetric.

Symmetric cryptosystems use the same key (the secret key) to encrypt and
decrypt a message, and asymmetric cryptosystems use one key (the public
key) to encrypt a message and a different key (the private key) to decrypt
it. Asymmetric cryptosystems are also called public key cryptosystems.
 The Message:

 The sender and receiver know and use the same secret key.
 The sender uses the secret key to encrypt the message.
 The receiver uses the same secret key to decrypt the
message.

 In traditional cryptography, the sender and receiver of a message know

and use the same secret key; the sender uses the secret key to encrypt the
message, and the receiver uses the same secret key to decrypt the message.
This method is known as secret key or symmetric cryptography
 Advantages Of Public Key

 The primary advantage is increased security and

convenience.

 Since the receiver decrypts the message by using his/her

private key, there is no need to expose the secret key to
the insecure transmission medium.

 This is a convenient and secure property of public key

encryption.

 Another major advantage of public key systems is that they

provide a method for digital signature, which prevents a
 Disadvantages Of Public Key

 However, there exist disadvantages of using public key

encryption compared to secret key systems, such as speed.

 In most cases, public key systems, such as PGP (Pretty

Good Privacy), are much slower than secret key systems.

 If the message sent is too big, public key systems will need
to encrypt large amounts (for example, megabytes) of
data, which will take a long time.
 APPLICATION OF
CRYPTOGRAPHY
• ARMY
• E-BANKING
• BUSINESS
•ANY QUESTION?