Name- Suvajit Mondal. Stream-E.C.E. Roll no.-3047. Semester-8th. Subject-3G presentation.

3G or THIRD GENERATION

Content
Basic of 3G. Progression of 3G. 3G standardization. Basic UMTS system architecture. UMTS identities. Universal Subscribe Identity Module(USIM). UMTS services. Next generation of 3G.

Basic of 3G.
3G is third generation of mobile telecommunication system.3G system over come the limitations of 2G system. One of a family of 3G system is Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS).

Progression of 3G
1G system: First cellular system, date from the early 1980. System is operated through an analogue air interface. Ex-Advance mobile phone system ,Total access communication system, Nordic mobile telephone. 2G system: Early 1990s,2G digital system had emerged, with improved services, roaming capability and security. Principle among these is GSM. 2.5G system: Bridge between 2G & 3G.the GPRS is 2.5G that offers increased data rates and always on internet connation, also introduction of High speed circuit switch data (up to 57.6kbps) & EDGE technology (up to 384 kbps). 3G system: The aim of 3G is provide a wide range of services including telephony, paging, messaging, location services & multimedia.3G system including: 1.UMTS. 2.CDMA 2000. 3 .FOMA .

3G 2.5G 2G 1G

3G standardization
Early in the 1990s, the ITU acknowledged that there would be a future requirement for what has evolved into 3G technology. From this concept, the ITU group of technologies known as International Mobile Telecommunication 2000(IMT2000) was formed. There were more than 10 proposals submitted for consideration as candidate technologies to meet the IMT-2000 requirement. Three became significant: 1.CDMA 2000. 2.UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access (UMTS). 3.Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA). *The standardization body responsible for UMTS is the 3G Partnership Project(3GPP). An American organization known as 3GPP2 manages the CDMA 2000 standardization.

Basic UMTS system architecture

The UMTS system architecture is divided into three key domain: 1:User Equipment (UE) domain. 2:Access Network (AN) domain. 3:Core Network (CN) domain

1:User Equipment
In UMTS, the mobile station is known as the User Equipment (UE). The UE is connected to the UTRAN via the Uu interface. It encompasses the radio equipment, application platform and MMI that a subscriber will use to access services provided by the network. There are different classes and physical forms of UE, which have different capabilities according to application.

The Access Network

Introduction
The access network for use in UMTS is known as the UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN). This new access network enables new high-bit-rate services over the air interface. The UTRAN comprises one or more Radio Network Subsystems (RNS), which in turn include one Radio Network Controller (RNC) and a number of attached Node Bs.

Radio Network Controller (RNC)

The RNC is responsible for all of the radio functionality in the UMTS system and controls one or more Node Bs. RNCs are connected via the Iur interface and connect to the core network over the Iu interface.

Node B
A Node B provides the radio interface into the UTRAN. A single Node B may support one or more cells. It connects to the RNC via the Iub interface.

Core Network (CN)

Core Network Elements The CS and PS domains share some entities, such as the EIR, HLR and AuC. The CS domain entities have evolved from GSM, while the PS domain entities come from GPRS networks. The interfaces are derived from GSM/GPRS networks, except the lu-PS and lu-CS interfaces, which link the CN to the RAN. There is also an Iur interface, which links RNCs together. 5.2 Interfaces The Gn interfaces interconnect the GSNs via the PLMN backbone network, which is based upon IP.External connections to the Internet and intranets is via the Gi interface, while connections to other PLMNs is via a BG and the Gp interface. The Iu-CS interface may not be required if VoIP is introduced. The remaining interfaces, used for signaling only, are as in use in GSM/GPRS networks.

UMTS Identities
Introduction There are many different identities used within a UMTS system for the identification of users, UEs and network elements. Most of the identity types and their formats are taken directly from the GSM specifications; this strategy ensures backward compatibility with GSM and other 2G systems. UE-related Identities The main UE-related identities are: International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity (TMSI) Mobile Subscriber ISDN Number (MSISDN) International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI)

International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) The IMSI is the main number used to identify the user, and is unique to a user. It consists of three number fields: the Mobile Country Code (MCC), with three digits; the Mobile Network Code (MNC), with three digits; and the Mobile Subscriber Identification Number (MSIN), which can have up to nine or ten digits. The total length of an IMSI cannot exceed fifteen digits. It is Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) coded into 60 bits. Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity (TMSI) There are two types of TMSI that can be allocated to a UE: a TMSI and Packet TMSI (P-TMSI). A TMSI is allocated by the MSC/VLR for services provided through CS domain, and a PTMSI is allocated by the SGSN for services provided through the PS domain. A UE may be allocated both types of TMSI simultaneously. Their use is optional, but they add a level of subscriber identity confidentiality. Once allocated, they are the identities that will be used for paging.

Mobile Subscriber ISDN Number (MSISDN) This number acts as the dialed number used to contact a particular subscriber. The MSISDN is a global title and will be used to route an incoming call to the required PLMN. A user may have more than one MSISDN, different numbers being used for different services. The MSISDN will be mapped to an IMSI in the subscribers home- network HLR. For non-ISDN services, other types of address may be used and mapped to a subscribers IMSI. The most likely type of address would be IP version 4 (IPv4) or IPv6. It is also possible for a subscriber to have an X.121 address for use on X.25-based packetswitched networks. International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) This is the ME hardware serial number. It contains a Type Approval Code (TAC), a Final Assembly Code (FAC), and a Serial Number (SNR). This identity may be presented to the network as an International Mobile Equipment Identity and Software Version number (IMEISV).

Universal Subscriber Identity Module (USIM)

The USIM possesses memory functions and some limited processing capability. The card itself resides on the UMTS Integrated Circuit Card (UICC). The physical characteristics of the card are based on those of a standard smart card defined by the ISO 7816 series of documents. UICC cards are an adaptation of the basic smart card for use in mobile networks, and in general they carry more memory and faster processors. The original function of the SIM card in GSM was to provide the identity of a subscriber to the network and to perform functions associated with authentication and ciphering. It also performs other memory-based tasks such as storing system parameters, temporary identities and phonebooks. The card has developed in functionality and capability in parallel with the development of GSM and UMTS. The most significant change has been the introduction of the application toolkit. This enables customer- or network-specific applications to be run on the card and to interact with the capabilities of the phone. As with any computer system the ICC contains areas of Random Access Memory (RAM) and Read Only Memory (ROM), and a Central Processing Unit (CPU) executing a stored program.

UMTS services.
Integrated telecommunication system. Personal communication regardless of location. Differentiation of operators offerings. Narrowband or broadband. Simple to operate. Continuity of service while roaming. PBX and LAN emulation.

Basic Telecommunication Services

Bearer Services: Bearer services provide the capability to transmit signals between two access points. A bearer service does not include descriptions of the applications using it, or the terminal equipment functions. Instead, it is defined in terms of characteristics such as data rate, bit error ratio, transfer delay, delay variation and bit integrity. Such services may be negotiated according to an applications requirement at the start of a connection. For a variety of application and network-driven reasons, this could require renegotiation during the course of the connection.

Teleservices
Teleservices are built on underlying basic bearer services, but in addition describe the full capability including terminal equipment functions.

UMTS QoS Classes

There are four UMTS QoS classes: Conversational Interactive Streaming Background In Conversational class, there is real-time interaction between users, for example speech or multimedia conferencing. Interactive class is not real time but there is interaction between users; an example is a web chat room. Streaming class is used for real-time or recorded information, such as streamed audio, but there is no user interaction. Background class allows for the upload and download of file information.

Multimedia Services

Value-Added Services (VAS)

Introduction to VAS Value-Added Services (VASs) exist in addition to the standardized teleservices. Examples of VAS offered by UMTS networks are: Advanced messaging services realtime and non-real time Location Services (LCS) Games download Enhanced voice calls image-rich telephony Virtual Home Environment (VHE) Information provision and localized advertising Enhanced photo capabilities, video clips and audio clips Music download from remote sites Wireless mobile office environment

Next generation of 3G or Long Term Evolution(LTE).

LTE is the natural evolution of 3GPP GSM and is a set of enhancements to UMTS WCDMA network as per 3GPP Release 8. 3GPP Release 8 focuses on adopting 4G mobile communication technology, including an all-IP flat networking architecture. LTE however does not fully comply with IMT Advance 4G requirements. LTE system allows cellular carriers to offer a very efficient(more subscribers per cell site) mix of multimedia services ( voice, data, and video) for existing (mobile telephone) and new (internet and television) customers and large file transfers. The world first publicly available LTE-service was opened by TeliaSonera in the two Scandinavian capitals Stockholm and Oslo on the 14th of December 2009.