MUHAMMAD ABDUL AHAD STUDENT ID-IC100181

Post graduation diploma In Hospitality & Tourism management Of

CTH Interlink college of Technology & Business Studies

PRESENTATION
ON RESEARCH METHOD FOR HOSPITALITY & TOURISM MANAGER

WHAT IS RESEARCH METHOD

Research seeks to find explanations to unexplained phenomenon, to clarify the doubtful facts and to correct the misconceived facts. According to John W Best Research is a more systematic activity directed towards discovery and development of an organized body of knowledge Research methods for hospitality & tourism manager aims to solves various problem generated in this sector in accurate and systematic way.

 Ethics

& Research: There are several reasons why it is important to adhere to ethical norms in research. Because, norms promote the aims of research, such as knowledge, truth, and avoidance of error. For example, prohibitions against fabricating, falsifying, or misrepresenting research data promote the truth and avoid error. Research Design: A research design is the arrangement of condition for collection and analysis of data in a manner that aims to combine relevance to the research purpose with economy in procedure.

 Quantitative

data analysis: The Results section of papers including quantitative data analysis often contain descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Qualitative data analysis: It is data analysis alternative to traditional , established, conventional or qualitative research has been developed through a cooperative effort involving a number of factor. Evaluating & Refreshing sources: Evaluating & refreshing sources means check the validity & reliability of data. It one of the most important criteria of a efficient research.

METHODS & TOOLS OF RESEARCH

Deductive

vs inductive: Inductive reasoning therefore rests on two processes- observation & generalization. This procedure is followed in most research project. It consists of many individual situation. In deductive methods generalization are drawn on the basis of certain assumptions which are either self evident or based on concrete observations. The main function of deductive method is to clarify the nature of relationship between premises conclusions in a logical framework.

 Surveys:

Survey research is a matter of fact has developed as a research activity along with the development of sampling theory & its diverse procedures. Case study: Case study is more intensive in nature. The field of study is comparatively limited but has more of depth in it. It aims at stating everything about something rather something about everything as in the case of statistical method. Action research: Action research has been used in variety of settings within the social sciences , but its growing popularity, as organizational development education, health & social care

 Experiments:

An experimental research is in one which the primary focus is upon the relationships of variables. In this research, certain variables are controlled or manipulated and their effects are examined upon some other variables. Sampling: A sample as the name implies, is a smaller representation of large whole. The chief aim of sampling is to make an interference about an unknown parameter from a measurable sample statistic. Questionnaire: This type of data collection is quite popular, particularly in case of big enquires. It is used to costs have to be kept low.

 Interview:

It is one of the most simple way of collecting data. It involves not only conversation, but also learning from the respondent's gestures facial expressions and pauses and his environment. Observation: It is a method include both seeing & hearing. It is accompanied by perceiving as well. It implies the use of eyes rather than of ears and the voice. It actually watching other persons behavior as if actually happens without controlling it.

Almost all research in tourism & hospitality management are customer based so here mail questionnaire is the best method. In this regard manager can collect email id of customer from different sources' & can send them questionnaire to fill up it. It is very essential to give attractive headings of the questionnaire. Questionnaire should small in size & language should be easy & simple. Irrelevant question should be avoided. From this questionnaire manager can get ideas & demand about customer. It will helps him to get a lot of peoples idea in short time. This process is very low time consuming & saves money.

CONCLUSION
Hospitality & tourism is a fast growing sector & the responsibility of a tourism & hospitality manager is vast. Among them it is very important for him to know the demand of client as well as employee of the organization. In that case research helps him to find out the actual need of the organization,

THANK YOU VERY MUCH

REFERENCES

Shaw SE, Petchey RP, Chapman J, Abbott S (2009). "A double-edged sword? Health research and research governance in UK primary care." Social Science & Medicine, 68: 912-918 Hubert Chanson (2008). Digital Publishing, Ethics and Hydraulic Engineering: The Elusive or "Boring" Bore?In: Stefano Pagliara 2nd International Junior Researcher and Engineer Workshop on Hydraulic Structures.

Hubert Chanson (2007). Research Quality, Publications and Impact in Civil Engineering into the 21st Century. Publish or Perish, Commercial versus Open Access, Internet versus Libraries ?. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering. D. Mavinic (2006). The "Art" of Plagiarism. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, NRC, Vol. 33, Iss. 3, pp. iii-vi. Publication Ethical Standards: Guidelines and Procedures. AIAA Jl, Vol. 45, No. 8, Editorial, Gibbs, G R (2002) Qualitative Data Analysis: Explorations with NVivo. Buckingham: Open University Press.