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Dental Anatomy Dr. Firas Alsoleihat, BDS, PhD Department of Conservative Dentistry
Introduction
Human dentition is diphyodont
2 sets of dentitions Primary/deciduous
20 teeth in total Incisors/canines/molars Smaller size 32 teeth in total Incisors/canines/premolars/molars Bigger size
Secondary/permanent
Why do
Dental formula
I for incisors C for Canines PM for premolars M for molars Deciduous teeth are indicated by the letter D before the initial
Quadrants
Tooth-bearing region of the jaw can be
divided into 4 quadrants
Right maxillary (1 or 5) Left maxillary (2 or 6) Left mandibular (3 or 7) Right mandibular (4 or 8)
Quadrants in permanent dentition have the numbers 1 4 and in deciduous have the numbers 5 - 8
Quadrants
1 or 5 2 or 6
4 or 8
3 or 7
Teeth order
Each tooth in a quadrant takes a letter (A
E for deciduous) or a number (1 8 for permanent) indicating its order when counting from the midline
EDCBA ABCDE 87654321 12345678
EDCBA
ABCDE
87654321
12345678
By words
Dental nomenclature
Set Deciduous or permanent Jaw Maxillary or mandibular Class Incisor/canine/premolar/molar Order within a class Central or lateral First/second/third Side Right or left Palmer notation system Universal numbering system FDI numbering system
a horizontal representing the occlusal plane and a vertical representing the midline Maxillary right central incisor 1 Mandibular left second deciduous molar E
a letter A E (deciduous) Two lines; indicates which quadrant the tooth belongs to
Examples:
EDCBA
ABCDE
87654321
12345678
EDCBA
ABCDE
87654321
12345678
TSRQP
ONMLK
32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25
24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17
left designates the quadrant and the right designates the tooth order Examples
Mandibular right permanent canine 43 Maxillary left deciduous lateral incisor 62
55 54 53 52 51 61 62 63 64 65 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
85 84 83 82 81
71 72 73 74 75
48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38
Types of dentitions:
Diphyodont. Most mammals--humans
included--typically develope and erupt into their jaws two generations of teeth. The term literally means "two generations of teeth." Monophyodont. Some mammals--such as the manatee, seals, and walruses have only a single generation of teeth.
develope a lifetime of generations of successional teeth--Such teeth have a brief functional life and are anatomically simple in design. Homodont. In many vertebrates, all of the teeth in the jaw are alike. They differ from each other only in size. The alligator is an example of homodontism.
included, develope distinctive classes of teeth that are regionally specialized. We will discuss classes of teeth in the next unit. Anodontia is the developmental absence of teeth. Among mammals, the whalebone whale and the anteater are toothless; their ancestors had teeth. In humans, anodontia is a pathological condition. Partial anodontia is one or a few teeth missing.