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Must be able to attract, capture and kill animals (mostly insects) Also must digest the animal Can survive without eating meat, though. Most are small (<1 m tall) but one vine species can grow to be 10 m long
Everywhere except Antarctica!! More abundant in Australia, southeast Asia and North America Even Alachua county has them!! 600 species and sub-species, but not all related to each other
Lets Review. . .
1) What are the 4 traits of a carnivorous plant? They attract, capture, kill and digest animals 2) Do non-carnivorous plants share any of these traits? Non-carnivorous plants can attract insects 3) Do they need to eat meat to survive? No-they have been grown in labs without meat 4) Where in the world can you find these plants? Everywhere except Antarctica 5) How many species are there? Are they all related? 600 species and sub-species; they are not all related (convergent evolution)
The genus Utricularia is aquatic (freshwater) Mainly found in nutrient poor wetlands (ex. Bogs)
Decaying plants release acidic compounds Microorganisms cannot function Difficult for plants to get nutrients from acidic soil
Carnivorous plants have an advantage over noncarnivorous plants in nutrient poor habitats In habitats with more nutrients, noncarnivorous plants do better because they do not have to put energy into special structures.
Lets Review. . .
1. What is the most common habitat of carnivorous plants? Nutrient poor wetlands. 2. What feature of their habitat allowed them to evolve carnivory? The lack of nutrients available in the soil. 3. Why does the habitat have this feature? pH of water is low, so bacteria cannot help decompose plants and plants cannot take up nutrients as easily. 4. Why do non-carnivorous plants do better in habitats with more nutrients? Because they do not have to put energy into special structures to capture prey like carnivorous plants do.
Mostly Insects and spiders (gnats, flies, moths, wasps, spiders, butterflies, beetles and ants) Freshwater species eat small water animals and fish and mosquito larvae Some capture small amphibians (frogs) and small birds and rodents have been found in some tropical species!! Some species even eat insect and bird excrement!!
Can be sweet-smelling or brightly colored to attract prey to their trap There are 2 types of traps
Active: Use rapid movement (ex. Venus fly-trap, Utricularia) Passive: sticky hairs or a long tube with hairs that trap prey
Active or Passive?
Lets Review . . .
1. What do carnivorous plants commonly eat? Insects, spiders and aquatic plants eat small animals, fish and mosquito larvae. 2. Name 3 less common things they have been found to eat. Amphibians, birds and rodents 3. What are the two types of traps they use to catch their prey? Active and passive 4. Name a variation of each type of trap. Active: bladderwort (Utricularia), venus fly trap (Dionaea). Passive: pitcher plant has a pitfall trap; most carnivorous plants have sticky hairs.
Most produce digestive enzymes Some rely on bacteria Some use both bacteria and digestive enzymes
For roads, homes, stores and water Many ecosystems need fire to stay healthy
Suppressing fire