Satellite Industry Overview

Satellites Are Part Of The Solution

Austin Comerton Mobile Satellite Ventures acomerton@msvlp.com

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Value of Satellite Systems

Satellite systems perform most effectively when:
interconnecting widely distributed networks, providing broadcasting services over very wide areas such as a country, region, or entire hemisphere providing connectivity for the last mile in cases where fiber networks are simply not available for interactive services. providing mobile wideband and narrow band communications

satellites are best and most reliable form of communications in the case of natural disasters or terrorist attacks - fiber networks or even terrestrial wireless can be disrupted by tsunamis, earthquakes, etc.. i.e. satellites are instant infrastructure
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Operability Before Interoperability

Following a disaster you need basic OPERABILITY before Interoperability SATELLITES = OPERABILITY when terrestrial communications infrastructure is damaged or destroyed

Satellites Communications are;

Highly Survivable (Physical Survivability and Robustness) Independent of Terrestrial Infrastructure Truly Air Gapped and Quickly Provisioned/ Restored Suitable for Fixed and Transportable User Locations

Satellites Provide:
Added Layer of Path Diversity and Link Availability Backup, Load Sharing, Surge Capacity Solution for Larger Sites Unique Multicast and Broadcast Capabilities 3

Satellite Is Part of the Solution

First Responders and Public Safety need a nonterrestrial back-up communications infrastructure that is;
Independent of the Public Infrastructure Pre-positioned Included in First Responder Training Programs

The Department of Homeland Security is currently examining a range of emergency communication proposals, including proposals to ensure interoperability. Satellite systems should be emphasized and included in the early planning of these initiatives.
The required capacity and equipment is available today from commercial satellite operators to corporations, first responders, and consumers across the globe.
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Commercial Satellite Industry

Voice/Video/Data Communications
Rural Telephony News Gathering/Distribution Internet Trunking Corporate VSAT Networks Tele-Medicine Distance-Learning Mobile Telephony Videoconferencing Business Television Broadcast and Cable Relay VOIP & Multi-media over IP

GPS/Navigation
Position Location Timing Search and Rescue Mapping Fleet Management Security & Database Access Emergency Services

Remote Sensing
Pipeline Monitoring Infrastructure Planning Forest Fire Prevention Urban Planning Flood and Storm watches Air Pollution Management

Direct-To-Consumer
Broadband IP DTH/DBS Television Digital Audio Radio Interactive Entertainment & Games Video & Data to handhelds

Geo-spatial Services

Infrastructure / Support Services

Launch Vehicles Ground Equipment Insurance Manufacturing
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Components
Bus
Power Subsystem Telemetry and Command Subsystem Attitude and Control Subsystem Propulsion Subsystem

Payload
Communications Subsystem
Transponders
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Satellite Frequencies
There are specific frequency ranges used by commercial satellites.

L-band
1.5 2.5 GHz

(Mobile Satellite Services) (MSS, DARS XM, Sirius)

S-band
1.55 3.9 GHz

C-band
3.7 6.2 GHz

(FSS, VSAT)
(Military/Satellite Imagery) (FSS, DBS, VSAT)

X-Band
8.0 12.0 GHz

Ku-band
11.714.5 GHz

Ka-band

(FSS broadband and inter-satellite links) 17.7 - 21.2GHz and 27.5 31 GHz

Orbital Options
A Geosynchronous (GEO) satellite orbit is high
enough (22,000 miles) that it keeps pace with the earths rotation. Three satellites can provide 24/7 coverage of most of the globe.

Medium earth orbit (MEO) satellites are closer to

users on Earth but 10-18 are required for continuous coverage.

Low earth orbit (LEO) satellites are closest to

users (300-500 miles) but 40-70 satellites are

required for full coverage.

Shorter distance results in lower power, smaller size terminals

Satellite Coverage Footprints

Global Beams

Regional Beams

Spot Beams

Geostationary Communication Satellites in Orbit Today

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Typical Fixed Satellite Network

Applications Credit Card Validation ATM/Pay at the Pump Inventory Control Store Monitoring Electronic Pricing Training Videos In-Store Audio Broadband Internet Access Distance Learning

Live News Reporting

Apartment Buildings

Gas Stations

Branch Offices

Corporate Offices

Residential
Emergency Response

Network HUB HQ Red Cross News Agency Corporate

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Ground Equipment
Overall systems costs have decreased because of the explosion of low-cost user terminals that can now receive video via hand-held units Omni directional antennas Smaller, lighter, cheaper More powerful, faster Pocket, notebook, rugged Application specific terminals, embedded modems

Minimal Set-Up Time, Robust, Portable, Easy To Use

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Polarization

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Mobile Satellite Equipment

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Critical To The Economy

Pump Gas

Eat Out

Watch TV

Shop

Transact Financially

Stay at Hotels

Buy & Service Automobile

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Satellite Communications for Emergency Response

Satellite bandwidth Can be reserved and pre-positioned ahead of time Or ad hoc bandwidth can be purchased when needed Full range of transportable terminals Hand Held Trailer-mounted terminals Vehicle-mounted terminals Flyaway terminals

Terminal at other end can be Teleport, with terrestrial tail circuit into customer network Fixed terminal at customer facility Another transportable/handheld terminal
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Impervious to Localized Natural Disasters

Fire

Tornados
Ice Storms Hurricanes Earthquakes Flash Flooding

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FCC View
FCC Chairman Martin on the Benefits of Satellite Phones in Disaster Zones
WASHINGTON The chairman of the U.S. Federal Communications Commission told lawmakers Sept. 22, 2005 that satellite technology plays a key role in disaster relief efforts due to the vulnerability of terrestrial communications infrastructure If we learned anything from Hurricane Katrina, it is that we cannot rely solely on terrestrial communications, Kevin Martin told members of the Senate Commerce, Science and Transportation Committee. When radio towers are knocked down, satellite communications are, in some instances, the most effective means of communicating.

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Billion $ Disasters by State

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Earthquake Activity

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Hurricane Katrina
Robert R. Latham Jr, Executive Director
Mississippi Emergency Management Agency
Testimony Before the House Select Bipartisan Committee to Investigate the Preparation for and Response to Hurricane Katrina, December 7,2005

The entire communication infrastructure of Mississippis Gulf Coast was destroyed and systems in many other parts of our state were rendered inoperable while systems that were operational were overloaded.
While we have invested millions of dollars in communication inter-operability, the issue after Katrina was operability. The primary means of communication for MEMA and the Mississippi Department of Wildlife, Fisheries and Parks is satellite, the only communication system that was operational during the days after landfall.
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Mississippi Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Parks

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Training & Exercises

People perform as trained for better and worse

Tactics & tools used daily will be most reliable during unusual emergencies
During stress of emergencies, responders will most reliably perform the tactics learned, exercised and used daily. Interagency communications procedures are only effective if used. Lay groundwork for automatic behaviors during emergencies by establishing procedures. Make less common ones more memorable by making them simple.

Source: DHS Interoperable Communications Technical Assistance Program {ICTAP}

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Mutual Aid Talk Group

Allocation of one Talk Group as a Mutual Aid TG enables any MSV Two Way Radio user to be added by the TG Sponsor
Red Cross
MDOT MEMA MSDOH MDWFG

TN NC

FEMA
Mutual Aid Channel

FL DHS MS KY

National Guard

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Interoperability
Radios can operate with the following Interfaces:
ACU-1000 (Raytheon JPS Communications) TCB (Link Communications) Infinimux G4 (Infinimode) SV100 repeater (CPI Communications) SVR-200 Radio Repeater (Pyramid Communications )

Interfaces enable interconnectivity to a variety of communication modes (LMR, Cellular etc).

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Satellite Industry Response to Katrina

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Lesson Learned: Satellites Are Essential to Disaster Recovery

Nearly three weeks after Hurricane Katrina hit the Gulf Region, the terrestrial communications networks in the region were still not functioning:
only 60 percent of the cell phone networks were working properly 70 percent of the broadcast stations were functioning roughly two million calls were still failing

The resulting lack of communications infrastructure severely impeded the ability of first responders and others in their disaster relief and recovery efforts.
While the outages on terrestrial networks surged in the days following Katrina, satellite networks were providing reliable communications services. When the terrestrial telephone and broadcast networks went down, satellites worked.
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Lesson Learned: Pre-Position Equipment and Capacity

As we learned after 9/11, the Hurricanes in Florida in 2004, Katrina and Rita, and the recent earthquakes in Pakistan, satellite equipment and capacity need to be there before the disaster strikes. Pre-positioning mobile satellite phones and terminals, small satellite dishes (VSATs), and satellite radio receivers near anticipated relief areas enables more rapid deployment in the aftermath of a disaster. The Government needs to facilitate a wider pre-positioned deployment of these assets by ensuring that satellite capacity and equipment become part of the comprehensive redundant communications solutions used by first responders during the planning stages, rather than at the last minute.

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Lesson Learned: Satellite Personnel Need Access to Restore Networks

The day after Katrina hit, satellite installation and repair crews were ready to begin restoring communications. Unfortunately, too many of these professionals couldn't get permission from officials to enter the area. Satellite service providers and their technicians should be allowed into disaster areas to restore critical communications and should be included in preparations for such events (including national network redundancy planning). By credentialing such individuals and companies as first responders we can enable critical satellite infrastructure providers to get into the affected areas to restore vital capabilities without delay or interference. Security & Protection not provided to private enterprise.
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New Generation Satellites

Existing MSS Satellite

Next-Generation MSS Satellite

Current Equipment

Next-Generation Handset
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Multi-Spot Beam Coverage

G/T 18 dB/K

G/T 21 dB/K

G/T 15 dB/K

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The Network of the Future

Satellite

Coverage Other elements of ATC network

ATC

Coverage

LMR ATC

Network
LMR

Base Station

MSS

enabled LMR radio Station

Base Station

Base

Core

Switching Architecture Controllers /

Routers

VNO Core

Dispatch

console
Hybrid satellite mass-market air interface chipset

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