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Introduction
HARSH SRIVASTAVA DY. SUPDT.(OPERATION,STG III) BE ( MECH.).BIET,JHANSI(UP) ET- 98 (22nd BATCH)
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Presentation Plan
Steam circuit diagram Super Heater De-superheater /Attemperator Re-heater IBR Super Critical Boiler
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DRUM
CC Pump
Bank II
Bank I
Economizer
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M.S
C.R.H
H. R. H
FROM F.R.S BOTTOM RNG HDR& Z-PANEL 1 PASS W.W O/L HDRS
ST
1 PASS W.W
ST
ROOF I/L HEADER 2nd PASS LOWER C-HDRS LTSH O/L HEADER D.P.O/L HEADER R.H.HEADER ECONOMISER
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S.H. HEADER 2
ND
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SUPER HEATER
WATER IS HEATED TO RAISE STEAM TO HIGHER TEMPERATURE
ARRANGED IN 3 STAGES
LTSH
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Super heaters
Super heater heats the high-pressure steam from its saturation temperature to a higher specified temperature.
Super heaters are often divided into more than one stage.
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Transfer of Energy
Thermal Structure SH
Steam
Thermal Structure
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Sink /Demand
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Tcold steam,out
Thot gas,in
Thot gas,in
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Platen Superheater
Platen Superheater : Flat panels of tubes located in the upper part of the furnace, where the gas temperature is high. The tubes of the platen SH receive very high radiation as well as a heavy dust burden. Mechanism of HT : High Radiation & Low convection Thermal Structure:
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S1 S2
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S2
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S1
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MS TO HPT DRUM
PLATEN SH1
PRI. SH ECONOMISER
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The preferred location of desuperheater, especially for temperature above 450 deg C is between sections of superheater. The steam is first passed through a primary superheater where it is raised to intermediate temperature. It is then passed through the desuperheater and its temperature reduction is controlled so that, after continuing through the secondary or final stage of the superheater, the required constant conditions are maintained at the outlet.
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Reheater
Purpose: RE-HEAT THE STEAM FROM HP TURBINE TO 540 DEG COMPOSED OF THREE SECTIONS RADIANT WALL REHEATER ARRANGED IN FRONT & SIDE WATER WALLS REAR PENDANT SECTION ARRANGED ABOVE GOOSE NECK FRONT SECTION ARRANGED BETWEEN UPER HEATER PLATEN & REAR WATER WALL HANGER TUBES
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Reheater
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Find out pressure corresponding to Tm,in and entropy at HP turbine inlet. Add reheating at this pressure and calculate efficiency of the Reheat Cycle. Repeat above steps for few iterations.
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Reheater
The pressure drop inside re-heater tubes has an important adverse effect on the efficiency of turbine. Pressure drop through the re-heater should be kept as low as possible. The tube diameter : 42 60mm. The design is similar to convective super-heaters. PMI Revision 00 May 24, 2012 Heat Transfer Coefficient : 90 110 W/m2 K. Overall
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Safety Valves
Device attached to a boiler for automatically relieving the pressure of steam before it becomes great enough to cause bursting. The common spring-loaded type is held closed by a spring designed to open the valve when the internal pressure reaches a point in excess of the calculated safe load of the boiler. Safety valves are installed on boilers according to strict safety norms and IBR recommendation
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Drum
Re-heater outlet
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42.70
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Electric-Resistance-Welded Steel Boiler And Super-Heater Tubes Boiler Tubes Subject To External Pressure The Working Pressure To Be Allowed On Various Parts Of Boilers Welded And Seamless Forged Drums For Water Tube Boilers And Super Heaters Requisite Mountings, Fittings and Auxiliaries
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A Boiler operating at a pressure above critical point is called SUPERCRITICAL BOILER A point where boiling water and dry saturated lines meet so that associated latent heat is zero, this point is called Critical Point.
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CRITICAL CONDITION
Definition CRITICAL is a thermodynamic expression describing the state of a substance beyond which there is no clear distinction between the liquid and gaseous phase. The critical pressure & temperature for water are Pressure = 225.56 Kg / cm2 Temperature = 374.15 C
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T S DIAGRAM
OUTPUT INCREASE
)0 C
D Basic Rankine Cycle
Dr yS u at
at er
d te ra
li n
St
Bo i
m ea
( e u a ep m T r t r e
240c A 0
E F
-273
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KJ / Kg K
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TEMP
568C 540C
2 cm / Kg
SUPER CRITICAL BOILER CYCLE WITH SH, RH & Regeneration of SIPAT 3 x 660 MW
Steam flow Steam temp Steam Pres RH pre RH Temp Feed water Temp :2225 T/Hr : 540 c : 256 kg/cm2 : 51.6 Kg/cm2 : 568c : 291c
0
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ENTROPY
SUPERCRITICAL BOILER
Supercritical pressure boiler has no drum and heat absorbing surface being, in effect, one continuous tube, hence called once
The water in boiler is pressurized by Boiler Feed Pump, sensible heat is added in feed heaters, economizer and furnace tubes, until water attains saturation temperature and flashes instantaneously to dry saturated steam and super heating commences.
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SIPAT SA210C SA213T22 SA213T22 SA213T23, T91 SA213T12, T23, T91 SA213T23, T91, T92
500 MW Plant
SA-210C SA-213T2 SA-213T12 SA-213T22 SA-213T23 454 482 552 593 593 649 649 760
Superheater Tube
Secondary Final
Primary Final
SH outlet RH outlet
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THANK YOU
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