COMSATS Institute of Information Technology

Department of Computer Science Databases and Information Systems Dr. Ramzan Talib

Database Systems
Lecture1: Introduction to Databases
Databases and Information Systems Department of Computer Science COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Defence Road Off Raiwind Road Lahore, Pakistan Phone: +92 (42) 111-001-007 Cell: +92-333-4427700 Fax: +92 (42) 99203100 email: rtalib@ciitlahore.edu.pk Web: wwwhttp://www.ciitlahore.edu.pk/PL/profile.aspx?employeeId=289

Lecture1: Table of Contents

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Basic Definitions Database Operations Advantages of Database Benefits of Database Approach Database Management System Component of DBMS Database Manager

Basic definitions
Database System
Computerized record keeping system

Database
Electronic filing Cabinet Repository for a collection of computerized data files A shared collection of logically related data, and a description of this data, designed to meet the information needs of an organization

Database Operations
Adding new empty files

Database Operations
Removing existing files

Database Operations
Inserting new data into the existing files

Database Operations
Retrieving data from existing files

Retrieval

Database Operations
Updating data in the existing files

Example
Increase the salary of Julie by 10%

9900.00

Database Operations
Deleting data from existing files

Example
Deleting the record of Julie from Employee Table

Manual Files System vs. Database System

Compactness Speed

Less Drudgery (Labor)

Accuracy

Advantages of Database Approach

Redundancy can be reduced
Redundancy Causes Anomalies
Delete Insert Update

Advantages of Database Approach

Inconsistency can be avoided

Advantages of Database Approach

The data can be shared

Advantages of Database Approach

Standard can be enforced
Data Naming Standard

Data Documentation Standard

Data Interchange Standard Data Migration Standard

Advantages of Database Approach

Security restriction can be applied

Advantages of Database Approach

Integrity can be maintained
Entity Integrity

Referential Integrity
Predicate Integrity

Advantages of Database Approach

Redundancy can be reduced Inconsistency can be avoided

The data can be shared

Standard can be enforced Security restriction can be applied Integrity can be maintained Conflicting requirements can be balanced

Database Management System

A software system that enables users to define, create, maintain, and control access to the database.

Applications

Applications Applications

DBMS

Applications

Component of DBMS

Database Manager