GTMTS 2012 ANALYSIS OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES USING RICE STRAW AND CHICKEN FEATHER

Presented By B.Nagaraja Ganesh M.E. CAD / CAM II Year

Guided by Prof P.Sugumaran M.E., (Ph.D,) HOD Mechanical Engg Department Raja College of Engg & Tech

ABSTRACT
Composites are Multi-functional material

systems that provide characteristics not obtainable from any discrete material
Materials reinforced with synthetic fibers are

costlier and have adverse environment impact which are replaced by Natural Fibers

OVERVIEW
Introduction Classification of Composites Natural Fibers Advantages Literature Survey Objectives Material and Methods Method of Preparation Results and Discussion References

INTRODUCTION
Composites are materials consisting of two or more

chemically distinct constituents

One or more discontinuous phases are embedded in

a continuous phase to form a composite

Discontinuous phase is usually stronger than the

other

CLASSIFICATION OF COMPOSITES

Metal matrix Composites Polymer Matrix Composites Ceramic Matrix Composites Carbon Carbon Composites

CONSTITUENTS OF COMPOSITES
Matrix

Reinforcing Fibers

FOUR MAJOR TYPES OF MATRICES

Polymeric, Metallic, Ceramic and Carbon.

NATURAL FIBERS
ANIMAL

MOHAIR ,CASHMERE , AVIAN ETC

MINERAL

ASBESTOS , CERAMIC FIBRES ETC

PLANT

COTTON , JUTE , HEMP ETC

NATURAL FIBERS
flax, oats, rye, cane (sugar and bamboo), grass,

reeds, kenaf, ramie, oil palm empty fruit bunch, sisal, coir, water hyacinth, pennywort, kapok, paper mulberry, raphia, banana fiber, pineapple leaf fiber and papyrus, hemp, jute straw, wood, rice husk, wheat, barley

ADVANTAGES
lightweight
reasonable strength and Stiffness environmentally friendly,

fully biodegradable,
abundantly available, cheap and have low density

LITERATURE SURVEY
1.
2.

Processing techniques of kenaf fiber are discussed[1].

A bio-based matrix reinforced by natural fibers yields environmental advantage[2].

3.

Tensile properties of tail feathers of Toco toucan is studied [3]

Application of Soya bean oil based resin and natural fibers in housing and structural panels [4]. Microstructure Chemical Composition and Mechanical properties of fibers extracted from the stem of arti-choke plant [5].

4.

5.

6.

Effects of Natural fiber surface on composite properties are discussed [6]. The tensile properties of natural fiber are influenced by the interfacial adhesion between the matrix fibers [7]. Behavior of a composite consisting saturated polyester matrix and polyepoxy resin are presented[8]. Fiber classification [9].

7.

8.

9.

10. Mechanical and acoustical properties of composites from ground chicken quill and pp are studied[10]. 11. Hibiscus fiber was reinforced in 3 different forms[11]

OBJECTIVES

Fabrication of Composites Evaluation of the Mechanical properties

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Plant Fiber Rice Straw Animal Fiber Chicken Feather

General Purpose Resin (G.P.Resin chemically Polyester) Catalyst (Cobalt) Accelerator (Methyl Ethyl Ketone)

METHOD OF PREPARATION
Mould Preparation
Hand Layup Method

STANDARDS
ASTM D790 ( FLEXURAL TEST)
ASTM D256 ( IMPACT TEST )

MECHANICAL STUDIES
FLEXURAL TEST
FLEXURAL STRESS = 3 F L / 2 b h 2 FLEXURAL MODULUS = L 3 F / 4 b h3 y

IMPACT TEST
IMPACT STRENGTH an = An / h

RESULTS
Sample Impact Energy J Impact Strength J/m Flexural Strength MPa Flexural Modulus GPa A1 A2 A3 PE/RS, 80/20 , Vol / Vol PE/RS, 60/40 , Vol / Vol PE/RS, 50/50 , Vol / Vol

0.537 0.384 0.903

107.4 76.8 180.6

36.46 24.96 26.65

2.893 2.213 2.495

B1 B2 B3

PE/CF, 80/20 , Vol / Vol PE/CF, 60/40 , Vol / Vol PE/CF, 50/50 , Vol / Vol

0.615 0.695 0.576

123 139 115.2

32.17 27.07 24.76

2.708 1.5999 1.719

C1 C2 C3

PE/RS/CF, 80/10/10, Vol / Vol PE/RS/CF, 60/20/20, Vol / Vol PE/RS/CF, 50/25/25, Vol / Vol

0.498 0.695 1.582

99.6 139 316.4

16.91 47.62 37.79

1.93 2.53 3.18

DISCUSSION
FLEXURAL MODULUS

DISCUSSION
FLEXURAL STRENGTH

DISCUSSION
IMPACT ENERGY

DISCUSSION
IMPACT STRENGTH

CONCLUSION
IMPACT STRENGTH INCREASES FOR HYBRID COMPOSITES

WHEN COMPARED TO RICE STRAW AND CHICKEN FEATHER COMPOSITES

FLEXURAL STRENGTH INITIALLY DECREASES AND THEN

INCREASES FOR VOLUME PROPORTION FOR CHICKEN FEATHER AND RICE STRAW
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES ARE OBSERVED TO INCREASE FOR

AN OPTIMUM RESIN FIBER COMBINATION OF 60 / 40.

HYBRID COMPOSITES ARE FOUND TO HAVE GOOD

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES.

THANK YOU