Unique Identification Scheme (Aadhar Project)

Submitted by: Mary John Thalody, Roll No. 202 Vipul Agarwal, Roll No. 165

Need of the project

Identification for each resident across the country; primarily as the basis for efficient delivery of welfare services Tool for effective monitoring of various programs and schemes of the Government. Easy online identity verification Ensuring financial inclusion across the country by deeper penetration of banks and financial institutions into the rural areas Registration and recognition of the individual's identity with the state Mobility of identity to migrants

Scope in terms of Cost, Quality and Time

The preparatory work for the Proof of Concept Studies and the Pilots were commenced. In the 2010 the Proof of Concept Studies and the pilots were to be completed and the UID numbers would have begun to be issued. Full scale enrolment of the resident and authentication services would have been commenced towards the end of 2010. For this budget of Rs 1900 Crores allocated during Annual Plan 201011. A major part of it is to be used for reimbursement of enrolment costs to the registrars as also to the residents

Scope in terms of time

Time allotted- 2009 to 2014( 5 year plan) Project deadlines: The first UIDAI numbers were to be issued over the 12-18 months counted from August 2009 The first number would be issued between August 2010 to February 2011 Over five years, the Authority plans to issue 600 million UIDs. Current situation: As of June 2012, 200 million Aadhar cards have been issued and 400 million are remaining.

Scope in terms of cost

Market Feasibility
Demand for such an identity by various government programs and various government agencies

UIDAI Vision on Micropayments

Financial feasibility

Till date Rs.3170.32 crores have been allotted for the project. Rs. 8861 crore has been approved for Phase III of the project. No committee has been constituted to study the financial implications of the UID scheme. Huge cost involved and possible cost overruns Comparative costs of the aadhaar number and various existing ID documents are also not available No comprehensive feasibility study No financial implications and prevention of identity theft, eg: using hologram enabled ration card to eliminate fake and duplicate beneficiaries. No cost-benefit analysis.

Technological feasibility
Feasibility of Biometric Scanners- Fingerprint scanner, Iris Scanner Network (availability, bandwidth, service provider, landline vs. mobile, reliability & latency factors across networks) Scalability and robustness Process to ensure no duplicates Online authentication Privacy of data Data Transparency UIDAIs biometric capability for enrolments can handle high throughput (10 lakh Aadhaars per day), accuracy (99.965% on duplication detection) scale (database can be of 1.2 billion people).

Technological feasibility
Issues: Failure to Enrol Biometric Failure to Enrol False Rejection False Acceptance Answers to issues: Combining both 10 Finger Prints and 2 Iris has greatly improved accuracy of de-duplication. Failure to Enroll (FTE) rate of the UIDAI Biometric system is at: 0.14%. This implies that 99.86% of the population can be uniquely identified by the biometric system False Negative Identification Rate (FNIR) of the UIDAI system is computed to be as low as 0.035%. This implies that 99.965% of all duplicates submitted to the biometric de-duplication system are correctly caught by the system as duplicates. Amount of hardware processing power needed by the UIDAI system is well within the design and expectations and has not increased in a non-linear fashion.

Economic feasibility

UID scheme aims to store biometrics data of citizens forever. This is considered illegal and an intrusion of citizen privacy. Leakage of the data could be a serious national security threat. Too complex a project Untested, unreliable and unsafe technology Possibility of risk to the safety and security of citizens Requirement of high standard security measures, which would result in escalating the estimated operational costs. Continuance of various existing forms of identity and the requirement of furnishing other documents for proof of address, even after issue of aadhaar number will make existence of Aadhar meaningless