ADDIE Model -

Its evolution and trends.

Prepared by

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Sumanth G V K PGDM 2012-13 SCMS Cochin.

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Concept of ISD- early 1950s ADDIE first appeared Center for Educational Technology at Florida State University for the U.S. Army ,1975 Orientated towards the use of behavioral/performance objectives and criterionreferenced tests. Russell Watson, 1981

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ADDIE MODEL

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October 1981, Russell Watson

A linear or waterfall model Presented a paper and wrote, The five phases of ISD are analysis, design,

development, implementation, and evaluation and control. The first four are sequential in nature, but the evaluation and control phase is a continuous process that is conducted in conjunction with all of the others.
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U.S. Army (1984)

Its training manual reads,

As the model shows, all parts are interrelated. Changes, which occur during one step of the model, affect other steps. In the ISD process, nothing is done in isolation, nor is all done in a linear fashion; activities of various phases may be accomplished concurrently.

Summative approach to formative approach.

Evaluation & Control to simply Evaluation 6/25/12

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ADDIE The Acronym Known as SAT/ISD

ADDIE is a paper by Michael Schlegel (1995), inA Handbook of Instructional and Training Program Design

Extending ADDIE

Merrinboer (1997, p3) writes,

The phases may be listed in a linear order, but in fact are highly interrelated and typically not performed in a linear but in an iterative and cyclic fashion.

Other ID and learning models can be used in 6/25/12 conjunction with ISD

Extending ADDIE- Play and plug model

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ADDIE Shortcomings:

To identify adequate on-the-job performanceso that the learners can adequately learn to perform a certain job or task

X Determine if training is the correct answer to

a problem.

Performance Analysis Quadrant (PAQ)

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Performance Analysis Quadrant (PAQ)

Identifying the root causes of such problems
1)

Does the employee have adequate job knowledge? Does the employee have the proper attitude (desire) to perform the job?

1)

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Instructional System Design Concept Map

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Extending Instructional System Design

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Frog Design's ICDA Framework - Richardson, 2010:

To solve wicked or complex problems for 21st century challenges that defy conventional planning. Their approach uses a four-step process (ICDA): Immersion soaking yourself in the problem to harvest customer insights ii. Convergence bringing together all things such as physical, technology, software & services into a logical design iii. Divergence exploring new advantages iv. Adaptation stay nimble in a fast-moving environment by going in new directions when facing roadblocks (based on recent learnings) 6/25/12
i.

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Design Thinking (Department of the Army, 2010):

It is composed of five steps :
i.

Apply critical thinking Understand the operational environment Solve the right problem Adapt to dynamic conditions Achieve the designated goals

ii.

iii.

iv.

v.

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How the Two Methods Fit with ADDIE

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