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raise funds. Companies may issue bonds or shares to investors as a method of financing the business. OR A series of stocks or bonds that have been offered to the public. A bond or stock issue relates to the set of instruments that were released under one offering.
A financial instrument that is traded through a stock
exchange
The listing of companies in the capital market implies the admission of the shares of that company to dealings on a recognised stock exchange.
Allotment of Securities
Trading Permission
Drawbacks Increasing accountability to public shareholders Need to maintain dividend and profit growth trends Becoming more vulnerable to an unwelcome takeover Need to observe and adhere strictly to the rules and regulations by governing bodies Increasing costs in complying with higher level of reporting requirements Relinquishing some control of the company following the public offering Suffering a loss of privacy as a result of media interest
If the company changed the name, atleast 50% of revenue from the activity of with changed name
Further Public Issue by Listed Companies No eligibility norms for public issue size less than 5 times of net worth Regulations applicable to unlisted companies will apply
Other Conditions Cap on price band shall be 120% of floor price Means of finance should be verifiable sources No partly paidup shares before public offering Conditions for unlisted companies Prospective allotters should not be less than 1000 No outstanding financial instruments
IPO grading
Unlisted company grading from atlest one credit rating agency Disclosure of rating in the prospectus Expenses incurred for grading are to be borne by the unlisted company
Free pricing of equity shares or convertible securities Cap on price band shall be 120% of floor price Price Band and final offer band shall contain only one price Capital market Access no bar The pricing for rights issue and public issue may be different Discount may be allowed to the retail investors Anchor investor price should not be less than offer price of issue
IPO
In financial terms, IPO or initial public offering is the
first issuance of a company's shares to the general public. It is called as primary market. These shares are allowed to be transacted in the stock market where they can be bought and sold. It is called secondary market. An IPO is defined as an exercise when an unlisted company makes either a fresh issue of securities or an offer for sale of its existing securities or both for the first time to the public.
Need Of IPO Organisation offer IPO is to raise capital for their organisation.
Process of IPO Step:1(Assigning Underwriter) Step: 2 (Performing Legal procedures) Step: 3(Grading)
Clause 49
Clause 49 Corporate governance
Board Structure Independent directors disqualifications and number Board meetings and procedures Audit Committee
Minimum 3 members 2/3 independent members Chairman should present report to AGM Quorum 2 or 1/3 whichever is higher
Periodic reviews of performance of directors Code of conduct Risk Management CEO and CFA Certification Shareholders Grievance Committee Remuneration Committee Quarterly compliance Report Whistleblowers policy
Intermediaries
Merchant Banker
SUN TV
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SOURCE: AVN SIRS PPT AND INTERNET