Introduction of Pharmacy

INTRODUCTION TO PHARMACY
BY K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm,M.B.A,(PhD)
What is drug?
In pharmacology, a drug is "a chemical substance used in the treatment, cure, prevention, or diagnosis of disease or used to otherwise enhance physical or mental wellbeing. A pharmaceutical drug, also referred to as medicine, medication or medicament, can be loosely defined as any chemical substance intended for use in the medical diagnosis,cure, treatment, or prevention of disease
K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences
Pharmacy
(from the Greek 'pharmakon' = drug)
It is the health profession that links the health sciences with the chemical sciences, and it is charged with ensuring the safe and effective use of pharmaceutical drugs.
Health science or biomedical science is the applied science dealing with health
(Applied science is the

application of scientific knowledge transferred into a physical environment)
Who is pharmacist?
Pharmacists are health professionals who practice the science of pharmacy. In their traditional role, pharmacists typically take a request formedicines from a prescribing health care provider in the form of a medical prescription, evaluate the appropriateness of the prescription, dispense the medication to the patient and counsel them on the proper use and adverse effects of that medication.
Chemical science is the science concerned with the composition, behavior, structure, and properties of matter, as well as the changes it undergoes during chemical reactions
Pharmaceutics (preparation of dosage form) deals with the formulation of a pure drug substance into a dosage form
A dosage form (DF) is the physical form of a dose of a chemical compound used as a drug or medication intended for administration or consumption
Medicinal or pharmaceutical chemistry is a discipline at the intersection of chemistry and pharmacology involved with designing, synthesizing and developing pharmaceutical drugs
(Pharmacology is the study of drug action)
The field of Pharmacy can generally be divided into three primary disciplines
1. pharmaceutics
2. Medicinal chemistry and Pharmacognosy 3. Pharmacy practice
TYPES OF PHARMACY PRACTICE AREAS 1. Community pharmacy 2. Hospital pharmacy 3. Clinical pharmacy 4. Compounding pharmacy 5. Consultant pharmacy 6. Internet pharmacy 7. Veterinary pharmacy 8. Nuclear pharmacy 9. Military pharmacy 10. Pharmacy informatics
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1. COMMUNITY PHARMACY
Community pharmacies usually consist of a retail storefront with a dispensary where medications are stored and dispensed
All pharmacies are required to have a pharmacist on-duty at all times when open.
It is also a requirement that the owner of a pharmacy must be a registered pharmacist
19th century Italian pharmacy
Modern pharmacy in Norway

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Florence 1508.
Pharmacy, tacuinum sanitatis casanatensis (XIV century)

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Drug store restoration ca. 1920 Wellington, Texas

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Typical American drug store with a soda fountain, about 1905
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2. HOSPITAL PHARMACY
A hospital pharmacy is concerned with pharmacy service to all types of hospital and differs considerably from a community pharmacy. Hospital pharmacies can usually be found within the premises of the hospital. Hospital pharmacies usually stock a larger range of medications, including more specialized and investigational medications
A retail pharmacy located inside a hospital in Italy

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3. CLINICAL PHARMACY
Clinical pharmacy is the branch of Pharmacy where pharmacists and pharmaconomists provide patient care that optimizes the use of medication and promotes health, wellness and disease prevention Clinical pharmacists provide direct patient care services that optimizes the use of medication and promotes health, wellness, and disease prevention Clinical pharmacy is the branch of pharmacy which deals with various aspect of patient care, dispensing of drugs and advising patient on the safe and rational use of drug.
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Basic components of clinical pharmacy practice:

Prescribing drugs Dispensing and administering drugs Documenting professional services Reviewing drug use Communication Counseling Consulting
Scope of clinical pharmacy:

Drug Distribution Systems Drug Information Drug Utilization Drug Evaluation and Selection Medication Therapy Management Formal Education and Training Program Disease State Management
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4. COMPOUNDING PHARMACY
Compounding is the mixing of drugs by a pharmacist, physician, or veterinarian to fit the unique needs of a patient. This may be done for medically necessary reasons, such as to change the form of the medication from a solid pill to a liquid It may also be done for voluntary reasons, such as adding favorite flavors to a medication Compounding is the practice of preparing drugs in new forms.
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5. CONSULTANT PHARMACIST
A consultant pharmacist is a specialized pharmacist. The main principle of consultant pharmacy is Pharmaceutical care.
particularly those in institutional settings such as nursing homes. Term developed by Hepler and Strand in 1990.
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6. INTERNET PHARMACY OR ONLINE PHARMACY
Online pharmacies are pharmacies which operate over the Internet. Many such pharmacies are, in some ways, similar to community pharmacies; The primary difference is the method by which the medications are requested and received. Some customers consider this to be more convenient than traveling to a community drugstore.
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7. VETERINARY PHARMACY
Veterinary pharmacies, sometimes called animal pharmacies may fall in the category of hospital pharmacy, retail pharmacy or mail-order pharmacy.
Because the needs of animals as well as the regulations on veterinary medicine are often very different from those related to people, veterinary pharmacy is often kept separate from regular pharmacies.
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8. NUCLEAR PHARMACY
Nuclear Pharmacy involves the preparation of radioactive materials that will be used to diagnose and treat specific diseases. It was the first pharmacy specialty established in 1978 by the Board of Pharmaceutical Specialties. Nuclear pharmacy seeks to improve and promote health through the safe and effective use of radioactive drugs for not only diagnosis but also therapy.
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9. MILITARY PHARMACY
Military pharmacy is an entirely different working environment due to the fact that technicians perform most duties that in a civilian sector would be illegal. State laws of Technician patient counseling and medication checking by a pharmacist do not apply.
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10. PHARMACY INFORMATICS

Pharmacy informatics is the combination of pharmacy practice science and applied information science.
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The mortar and pestle, an internationally recognized symbol to represent the pharmacy profession
Recipe symbol
The Gaper used in the Netherlands
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The Bowl of Hygeia which is often used in the Netherlands
The green Greek Cross used in Spain, Argentina, France, Poland, the United Kingdom and other countries 33
The red stylized "A" used in Germany
Caduceus (used erroneously)
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Rod of Asclepius
Hanging Show Globe
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Gaper on the front of "Van der Pigge", a pharmacy in Haarlem
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INTRODUCTION TO PHARMACY

(Applied science is the

(Pharmacology is the study of drug action)

K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

19th century Italian pharmacy

Modern pharmacy in Norway

K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

Pharmacy, tacuinum sanitatis casanatensis (XIV century)

Drug store restoration ca. 1920 Wellington, Texas

Typical American drug store with a soda fountain, about 1905

K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

A retail pharmacy located inside a hospital in Italy

K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

Basic components of clinical pharmacy practice:

Scope of clinical pharmacy:

K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

6. INTERNET PHARMACY OR ONLINE PHARMACY

K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

10. PHARMACY INFORMATICS

K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

The Bowl of Hygeia which is often used in the Netherlands

K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

The red stylized "A" used in Germany

Caduceus (used erroneously)

K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

Hanging Show Globe

K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

Gaper on the front of "Van der Pigge", a pharmacy in Haarlem

K.SAMINATHAN. M.pharm, M.B.A,( P.hD) Allianze university college of medical sciences

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