Cardiovascular & Respiratory

System

Providing cells with oxygen and

removing toxic waste such as Carbon
Dioxide
 Vocabulary
• Myocardium • Capillary
• Atrium • Vein
• Ventricle • Arthrosclerosis
• Pulmonary circulation • Pharynx
• Valve • Trachea
• Pacemaker • Bronchus
• • Alveolus
Aorta
• Diaphragm
• Artery
• emphysema
 Blood
• The heart pumps of average of
about 5 L of blood per minute.
• 200 Billion Liters are pumped
through the circulatory system in a
lifespan of 75 years.
• Blood always travels in one
direction
• Arteries carry blood away from the
heart
• Veins carry blood to the heart.
Anatomy of the heart
 Anatomy online
• Inner body website
• Human Heart
 Heart’s muscular contraction
• Every heartbeat is a contraction of the
__________.
• The upper chambers of the heart are_____.
• The lower chambers of the heart are ________.
• Blood that flows to the lungs is ________.
• Blood going to the body is __________.
 Blood vessels
• Veins carry blood __________ and
contain _____to prevent backflow.
• Arteries carry blood _________ and
have _______ in their walls.
• Veins have ____walls and contract
with ________.
• Arteries have ____walls and
withstand high amounts of pressure.
 SA Node and AV Node
• Two networks of muscle
fibers are found in the
heart.
• The right atrium contains
the ____ node which
initiates the heartbeat. This
is also known as the
________.
• The signal travels to the
________node which
forces blood___________.
Blood pressure
• Sphygmomanometer
measures blood
pressure.
• Air is pumped into a
cuff which cuts off the
circulation in the
artery. The listener
measures the pressure
when the blood enters
the artery.
• Diastolic: ventricles
relax
• Systolic: ventricles
contract
 Heart disease
• Coronary heart disease:
heart muscle dies due to lack
of oxygen.
• Leading cause of disease in
U.S. for both male and
female
• Women develop symptoms
10-20 years later than men,
yet tend to die sooner after
diagnosis.
• Congestive heart failure is
when the heart cannot pump
blood to other organs and
the blood backs up in the
veins.
 Respiratory System
• Role is to bring Oxygen into the blood and
release Carbon dioxide into the air = gas
exchange.
• Each of the body’s trillions of cells need oxygen
to function and release CO2.
• Breathing begins at birth. When the umbilical
cord is cut, CO2 begins to build up. The brain
detects the increase and activates the
diaphragm and rib cage to pull downward, which
fills the lungs with air.
 Upper tract
• Air entering the tract is first _____,
______, _________ in the nasal area.
• Second area is the _________ where
airflow is controlled.
• Third area is the ______ where the vocal
chords are contained.
• The air then enters the bronchi which
leads to the lungs.
 Gas exchange
• Only 10 % of the lungs is occupied by
solid tissue.
• The rest if filled with air and blood.
• The lungs are sheer and
asymmetrical.
• Each minute the heart pumps the
entire blood volume of the body
through the lungs.
• Gas exchange takes 0.25 seconds.
Alveoli
• Clustered like grapes
• Intertwined with blood
vessels
• As breathing increases the air
pressure inside each sac, the
natural tendency of molecules is
to move from areas of ____
concentration to ______ which
sends oxygen into the blood
while evacuating poisonous CO2.
Diseases of the Respiratory system
• Emphysema
• Lung Cancer
• Asthma
• Respiratory therapist career
 Online Resources
• American Lung Association
• Anatomy of respiratory system