PROSPECT OF MUNICIPAL

WASTE MANAGEMENT
THROUGH CDM PROJECT IN
INDONESIA
By
Masnellyarti Hilman

Deputy Minister for Nature Conservation Enhancement

and Environmental Destruction Control
Scheme of Municipal Waste
Management
in Indonesia Increasing of
Consumption of
Population
Natural Resources
Increase and Material
Increasing of
using
packaging, such as
paper, plastic bottles,
plastic bags,
cans, etc
Environmental
Pollution

Facility and
Infrastructure are Domestic Waste
not feasible Increase
(2% – 4% per year)

HOW TO SOLVE
THIS PROBLEMS ?
Existing Condition of Municipal
Waste Management in Indonesia
 National Regulation regarding to Municipal
Waste Management still has not been set up

 Local Regulation regarding to Municipal Waste

Management mostly still has not been set up
too

 Technical Guidance to manage municipal

waste is still not being implemented well
Solid Waste Problems
in Indonesia
 Inconsistency policy in handling municipal
waste

 Mostly city has not a consistent master

plan for managing solid waste, because
management for municipal waste is only a
temporary planning

 Municipal waste is still not become an

important priority in local government
policy
Solid Waste Problems
in Indonesia …… (continue)
 Limited budget for handling municipal waste, which
cause:
Limited investment for sanitary facility
Limited operational and maintenance cost for
sanitary facility
Difficulty in increasing quality and quantity in
sanitary services
Local government can not develop a proper final
disposal that care about sanitary and environment
aspect.

 The final disposal which is not sanitary landfill

could produce leachate that cause water pollution;
and also smoke and smell that cause air emission
The Existing Condition of Final
Municipal Waste Disposal Area in
Indonesia
 Condition of many final municipal waste
management center is still not being
constructing and operating regardless the
environmental issues

 There is no sorting mechanism in managing

municipal waste in Indonesia
Managing Municipal Waste in
Indonesia
 Directly brought to the Final Disposal Area
(TPA) 40.09%
 Landfilling 7.54%
 Treating (Composting and Recovery)
1.61%
 Incinerated 35.49%
 Others (Throwing to the environment)
15.27%

Source : BPS-2001
Types of Final Disposal Area (TPA)
in Indonesia
 Sanitary Landfill
note: Bantar Gebang, Jakarta (not operated
optimally)
 Control Landfill
note: 10 TPA in metropolitan and big city (not
operated optimally)
 Open Dumping
note: almost in all Indonesian cities
 Last identified by MoE in year 2004, there are 62
TPA classified as Open Dumping and only 1 is
Control Landfill (Bantar Gebang)
Government Efforts
 Monitoring and evaluating environmental institution
performance based on municipal/solid waste
management, green area and water pollution control
aspects and also based on criteria and indicator have
been accepted
 Increasing Stakeholdes capacity building in
environmental management through training and
workshop for local government, NGOs, community
leader and university.
 Supporting working group among the local
government in environemntal management
 Developing ADIPURA Program especially for
information sytem in Bali and Nusa Tenggara and
also geographyc aplication information system in
Sumatera
 Developing community complaining system
 Building Pilot project for domestic waste management
by implementing 4R method
ADIPURA PROGRAM
 ADIPURA program is a voluntary program designed by the
Ministry of Environment to encourage local
government being good environmental governance to
create clean and green city.

 Scope of work is still focusing on city (province) area but

at last it will cover all the districs area.

 Program ADIPURA structure criteria is using two indicators

which are physic indicator and non-physic indocator.
Physic indicator is a reflection of city’s infrasturucture
condition (such as: housing, river, beach) that related
with clean and green city issue. And non-physic indicator
is an indicator of the environmental management.
Roles of Private Sector

 Private sector participation in managing

municipal waste is still very little. Only Bantar
Gebang has been managed by private sector PT.
Patriot Bangkit Bekasi.
 We need more industry contribution for 3R
issues (Recycling, Reduction and Recovery) in
waste management
 How to convince private sector that managing
waste is having economic value
Roles of Community
 The community participation right now is not optimum
so it needs an effot to become more systematic and
synergy participation regarding with waste managemet
institution to gain a harmonize relationship.
 Socialization mechanism is needed to educate people in
managing their waste in a good way.
 How to create public awareness for Indonesia people
 Incentive for public who has participated in reducing
their household waste

Roles of International Institution

Supporting stackholders (private and public sector) in
increasing their bussiness oppurtunity through well
municipal waste management by giving grant or subsidy
National Criteria for Sustainable
Development
1. Environmental sustainability by practicing
natural resource conservation and
diversification
~ Maintain sustainability of local ecological
functions
~ Not exceeding the threshold of existing national,
as well as local, environmental standards (not
causing air, water and/or soil pollution)
~ Maintaining genetic, species, and ecosystem
biodiversity and not permitting any genetic
pollution
~ Complying with existing land use planning

2…
2. Local community health and safety
3. Local community welfare (Not lowering local
community’s income)

1. There are adequate measures to overcome the

possible impact of lowered income of community

members

5. Not lowering local public services

6. Local community participation in the project

7. Technology transfer
(Not using experimental or obsolete technologies
and should Enhancing the capacity and utilization of
local technology)
Waste to Energy through
CDM Project
 Encourage energy diversification or conservation
program
 Encourage clean energy or clean energy technology
development
 Encourage preservation of environmental functions
 Utilization of Landfill Gas (Methane)
~ Potential to reduce Green House Gas
~ Reducing methane emission  methane capture
~ Landfill gas emissions impacts can be mitigated by
collecting the gas from the landfill and burning it for
use as a fuel source
~ It could contribute to the improvement of the
economy and sustainable development in Indonesia
Identified Waste-to-Energy Projects
Waste-to-Energy (about 0.6 MT/year)

 PT. Bioenergi Surya Persada & YCBI, Malang:

Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) to Energy 17,000
T/Year
 PT. Bioenergi Surya Persada & YCBI, Surabaya:
MSW to Energy 30,000 T/Year
 PT. Navigat Organik Energi Indonesia, Bali:
MSW to Energy 2 x 10 MW:500,000 T/Year
DNA (Designated National
Authority)
 Ministry Degree Number 206 year 2005 regarding
the DNA for CDM
 Functions of the DNA
 Regulatory (mandatory)
- Granting recommendation to CDM project proposals that
pass Indonesia’s sustainable development criteria
- Tracking and annual reporting to the UNFCCC
Secretariat
 Promotional (optional)
- Facilitating communications between investors and
project proponents as well as other stakeholders
- Facilitating capacity building for Indonesian institutions
to be able to propose and implement CDM projects
- Providing information on available CERs and/or CERs
potential to potential buyers
Conclusions
The amount of municpal waste per capacity is linear
with population.

In general, metropolitan and big city population

produce more waste than middle and small city
population.

Local governments should increase their budget for

managing municipal waste to achieve more clean city.

By having sorting system in handling municipal waste,

it reveals a big opportunity for producing composting
and also for recovery plastic waste and paper waste
with high quality and have marketable.
Conclusions …(continue)

Need to change government point of view in building

Final Municipal Waste Disposal. Substitute open
dumping to sanitary landfill. It is judicious to build
regional sanitary landfill which then be operated and
protected together among some cities/districts

Landfill Gas Utilization could be one of the options to

solve municipal waste management in Indonesia that
concerning environmental aspect and has additional
criteria. It also fulfill the criteria to become CDM
Project.