Post Asian Tsunami Waste Management Plan Workshop

30th June 2005
POST ASIAN TSUNAMI WASTE

MANAGEMENT PLAN WORKSHOP
KEMENTERIAN
LINGKUNGAN HIDUP
HAZARDOUS WASTE:
ASSESSMENT and CLEAN-UP
PEMERINTAH DAERAH
NANGGROE ACEH DARUSSALAM
HAZARDOUS WASTE:
KEMENTERIAN
LINGKUNGAN HIDUP
PEMERINTAH DAERAH
Waste is hazardous when it contains
properties that might make it harmful to
our health or the environment.

Main Components of Hazard Waste:
Engine Oil – Waste Oil
Electronic Equipment
KEMENTERIAN
LINGKUNGAN HIDUP
PEMERINTAH DAERAH
Asbestos
Oil contaminated Soil
Batteries
Health Care Waste

Fertilizer & Pesticides
Sources of Hazard Waste ?
Pesticide/Fertilizer storage:
2 locations
Poor storage practice
BUT no remains visible
KEMENTERIAN
LINGKUNGAN HIDUP
Distributed through region?
Clinics, Health Posts, Hospitals:

Health Care / Medical Waste
- Infectious and none infectious
Batteries; Accumulators
Lab Chemicals
PEMERINTAH DAERAH
Harbour Oil Retail facility:

Harbour location: washed away
3 x underground containers remain (locked)
Drums and slick distributed
Fuel trucks?
Workshops / Garages:
Asbestos (Gaskets)
Engine Oil
Batteries, Accumulators
Adhesives
Sources of Hazard Waste ?
Krueng Raya Oil Storage:
40km North of Banda Aceh
3 tanks (20% full) distributed
Full drums within rubble
KEMENTERIAN
LINGKUNGAN HIDUP
Contaminated soils from oil
Oil Slick
Cement Factory:
Relatively new facility
PEMERINTAH DAERAH
NANGGROE ACEH DARUSSALAM No large scale damage recorded
No imminent environmental impact
Meulaboh Oil Storage:

3 of4 tanks washed away
Oil spillages washed away
Household within Rubble:

Asbestos?
Electronic Equipment
Refrigerants (R12, R22, etc.)
Batteries and Old Engine oil
Household Chemicals (Disinfection)
KEMENTERIAN
LINGKUNGAN HIDUP
PEMERINTAH DAERAH
Photo: S. van Dijk/UNDAC

ASBESTOS: Definition
• Asbestos is a naturally occurring mineral

KEMENTERIAN
that has been in use on a commercial scale
LINGKUNGAN HIDUP
for about 150 years

• Ideal for:
PEMERINTAH DAERAH
– Fireproofing
– Insulating material
• Hazardous to human
health if inhaled – fibres
enter lungs
Asbestos Fibre
ASBESTOS: Common Uses
The major uses for asbestos materials in buildings

are:
KEMENTERIAN
LINGKUNGAN HIDUP
Sprayed asbestos and lagging
PEMERINTAH DAERAH
Asbestos cement
Asbestos insulating board

ASBESTOS: Hazards to Human Health
• Asbestos not dangerous if undamaged and left

in-situ
KEMENTERIAN
LINGKUNGAN HIDUP
BUT
• If disturbed or damaged small asbestos fibres
released are dangerous to human health
• Breathing-in asbestos fibres can eventually lead
PEMERINTAH DAERAH
to a number of fatal diseases including:

- asbestosis or fibrosis (scarring) of the lungs
- lung cancer
- mesothelioma, a cancer of the inner lining of the
chest wall or abdominal cavity
• Diseases can take up from 15 to 60 years to
develop
• There is no cure for asbestos-related diseases
Main Types of Hazardous Waste:
Banda Aceh and Region
Oil spillages in soil/concrete
Redundant Oil (drums/tanks)

KEMENTERIAN
LINGKUNGAN HIDUP
Medical
Wastes
PEMERINTAH DAERAH
Pesticides &
Fertilizers
Refrigerants, batteries etc.
Asbestos in the rubble

KEMENTERIAN
LINGKUNGAN HIDUP
PEMERINTAH DAERAH
Possible Approaches to Managing
Post-Tsunami Hazardous Wastes
Ways of Tsunami Hazard Waste Reduction?
Institutional: Raising Awareness

Training and Equipping Environmental offices
(identification, registration and lab analyses, )
KEMENTERIAN
LINGKUNGAN HIDUP
……….. Additional points for the workshop
Legal: Identification and Registration of hazardous

waste ownership
Minimum standards for hazardous waste handling
PEMERINTAH DAERAH and treatment
Technical: Implementation of Oil Treatment Processes

with Energy recovery
Identification of suitable treatment & disposal sites
Identification of Reuse potentials
Financial: Implementation of a general fee and revenue

charging system
Implementation of a central Eco-Funding
Main Types of Hazardous Waste:
Banda Aceh and Region
Oil spillages in soil/concrete
Redundant Oil (drums/tanks)

KEMENTERIAN
LINGKUNGAN HIDUP
Clinical
Wastes
PEMERINTAH DAERAH
Pesticides &
Fertilizers
Refrigerants, batteries etc.
Asbestos in the rubble

Redundant Oil – Storage and Treatment
Regional collection Transport

and temporary storage
KEMENTERIAN
LINGKUNGAN HIDUP
Small scaled
treatment
Large scale central

PEMERINTAH DAERAH
treatment
Change of burner nozzle

And usage as secondary fuel
Oil Contaminated Soil/Floors
• Identify and analyse for risk assessment

KEMENTERIAN
• Decide: “leave & encapsulate” or

LINGKUNGAN HIDUP
“dig & dump”
• Ensure safe disposal in controlled landfill

PEMERINTAH DAERAH
• Ensure Health & Safety during works
• Register sites where left and encapsulated

Household & Small Industry Haz. Wastes
• Provide (setup) treatment and disposal

options; including recycling
KEMENTERIAN
LINGKUNGAN HIDUP
• Provide training on handling during

sorting of tsunami wastes with PPE
PEMERINTAH DAERAH
• Support small scale recycling and reuse

operations
• Coordinate with ongoing solid waste

management
Example: Batteries & Accumulators
Components of a Battery
KEMENTERIAN
LINGKUNGAN HIDUP
-Poly Propylene
-Sulphuric Acid
PEMERINTAH DAERAH
NANGGROE ACEH DARUSSALAM -Lead
-Metal Grids
-Separation  Trade – Recycling (200 US$/tonne)

-Neutralisation (CaCO3)  Gypsum (CaSO4)
6 -Separation
to  Trade – Recycling (994 US$/tonne)
-Separation  Trade – Recycling (180 US$/tonne)
12 kg
-No Separation  Trade – Recycling (220 US$/tonne)
Possible Recycling Rate : 95%

Medical Wastes
KEMENTERIAN
LINGKUNGAN HIDUP
PEMERINTAH DAERAH
Session: Medical Wastes
Pesticides & Fertilizers
- Locate and register with classification

KEMENTERIAN
LINGKUNGAN HIDUP
- Improve storage (if required) in

adequate warehouses
PEMERINTAH DAERAH
- If waste, controlled storage in bins
- Substitute with organic fertilizer =
compost
- Central waste storage and treatment
Asbestos
• Register location and condition of Asbestos

Containing Materials (ACM)
KEMENTERIAN
LINGKUNGAN HIDUP
• Assess risk that someone may be exposed to

these materials
• Decide whether to “leave and label” or to

PEMERINTAH DAERAH
remove
• If leave: record and monitor
• If remove: equip workers and ensure safe

disposal
Hazardous Waste Clean-up:
The Maldives
KEMENTERIAN
LINGKUNGAN HIDUP
PEMERINTAH DAERAH
Insert case study from maldives
KEMENTERIAN
LINGKUNGAN HIDUP
Managing Hazardous Wastes
PEMERINTAH DAERAH
Hazard Waste Registration
KEMENTERIAN
LINGKUNGAN HIDUP
PEMERINTAH DAERAH
Hazard Waste Labelling
KEMENTERIAN
LINGKUNGAN HIDUP
PEMERINTAH DAERAH
Hazard Waste Transport Registration
KEMENTERIAN
LINGKUNGAN HIDUP
PEMERINTAH DAERAH
Hazard Waste Database
KEMENTERIAN
LINGKUNGAN HIDUP
PEMERINTAH DAERAH
Proposed next steps……………
Set-up Hazardous Waste Clean-up Teams to:

– Analyse/Classify/Register
– Collect and Transport
KEMENTERIAN
LINGKUNGAN HIDUP
– Store
– Treat and/or Dispose
– Record and Monitor
PEMERINTAH DAERAH
Establish treatment, recycling and disposal

facilities for main hazardous wastes types
Look for export options for minor (or difficult)

hazardous waste types

Post Asian Tsunami Waste Management Plan Workshop

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30th June 2005

POST ASIAN TSUNAMI WASTE

our health or the environment.

Health Care Waste

Clinics, Health Posts, Hospitals:

Harbour Oil Retail facility:

Meulaboh Oil Storage:

Household within Rubble:

Photo: S. van Dijk/UNDAC

• Asbestos is a naturally occurring mineral

for about 150 years

The major uses for asbestos materials in buildings

Sprayed asbestos and lagging

Asbestos insulating board

• Asbestos not dangerous if undamaged and left

to a number of fatal diseases including:

Redundant Oil (drums/tanks)

Refrigerants, batteries etc.

Asbestos in the rubble

Institutional: Raising Awareness

Legal: Identification and Registration of hazardous

Technical: Implementation of Oil Treatment Processes

Financial: Implementation of a general fee and revenue

Redundant Oil (drums/tanks)

Refrigerants, batteries etc.

Asbestos in the rubble

Regional collection Transport

Large scale central

Change of burner nozzle

• Identify and analyse for risk assessment

• Decide: “leave & encapsulate” or

“dig & dump”

• Ensure safe disposal in controlled landfill

• Ensure Health & Safety during works

• Register sites where left and encapsulated

• Provide (setup) treatment and disposal

• Provide training on handling during

• Support small scale recycling and reuse

• Coordinate with ongoing solid waste

-Separation  Trade – Recycling (200 US$/tonne)

Possible Recycling Rate : 95%

- Locate and register with classification

- Improve storage (if required) in

• Register location and condition of Asbestos

• Assess risk that someone may be exposed to

• Decide whether to “leave and label” or to

• If leave: record and monitor

• If remove: equip workers and ensure safe

Managing Hazardous Wastes

Set-up Hazardous Waste Clean-up Teams to:

Establish treatment, recycling and disposal

Look for export options for minor (or difficult)

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