MODERNISED TRAIN SAFETY BASED ON MICROCONTROLLER USING GPS AND GSM TECHNOLOGIES

Presented By ABHISHEK RANJAN AMIT PRAKASH RADHE BIHARI UPADHYAY 1RC07EC001 1RC07EC008 1RC07EC082

Under The Guidance Of Ms. ASHWINI . B

INTRODUCTION
Railway is Indias largest transportation medium. It is the back bone of the country.

It facilitates in travelling large amount of people travel daily from place to place.
society.

It is the cheapest medium which is affordable to every class of

INTRODUCTION (CONTD..)
But in this project we have designed a train which is controlled by

microcontroller and prevents accidents.

A prospective contraption of 89c52 micro controller controls and can

efficiently do the work without any mistakes.

IR TRANSMITTER

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF IR TRANSMISSION SECTION AT STATION

IR TRANSMIT TER IR DIODE

IR RECEIVER

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF RECEIVER SECTION AT TRAIN

STEPPER MOTOR TRAIN

IR RX

Micro controller AT 89c52

Interface 2803

ANNOUN CEMENT IC 9600

DC MOTOR TRAIN

BLOCK DIAGRAM CONSISTS OF

Stepper motor controller

DC motor
IR Sensor Circuit AT 89C2051-24 PU Micro controller Interface IC 2803 Voice memory chip 9600 (with speaker)

WORKING PRINCIPLE
When the IR receiver receives the signal from IR transmitter.

microcontroller switches off the dc motor and stops

the train.
And first announcement comes.

After first announcement the stepper motor rotates

clockwise for 05 sec for opening of gate.

After 05 sec stepper motor rotates anticlockwise to

close the gate.

And second announcement comes. Microcontroller sends signal to dc motor to start the

train.

FEATURES
Single chip, 28 pin DIP, high quality voice recording and

playback solution.
No external ICs required. Minimum external components Non -volatile flash memory

technology.
100K year message retention (typical).

Single message of 20 to 60 seconds, with external resistor

selection.
User friendly easy to use operation .

FEATURES (CONTD.)
8 different types of messages can be stored.
Level - activated recording and edge-activated playback

switches.
Low power consumption Operating current: 25 Amp (typically, no load) Standby current: 1Amp (typically, no load), automatically

power down features for longer battery life chip enable pin for simple message expansion single 5v power supply.

TICKET ANALYZER
CONSISTS OF:
LCD (DUAL LINE DISPLAY) KEYPAD & KEYPAD CONTROLLER STEPPER MOTOR TICKET RELAY SWITCH VOLTAGE REGULATOR(7805)

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF TICKET ANALYZER

XTAL
Microcontroller AT89c52 16 X 2 LCD DISPLAY

Eeprom as ticket Keyboard

Power Supply

High Current Driver

STEPPER MOTOR GATE

TICKET ANALYZER
The ticket analyzer reads the date with id & password of the ticket.
If the ticket is valid the stepper motor rotates clockwise and at the same

time LCD displays WELCOME TO INDIA (as a station name).

In case of invalid ticket the LCD display shows SORRY INVALID and

the gate will not open.

If the user inserts invalid ticket/password more than thrice the buzzer starts

(for security purpose).

FEATURES OF TICKET ANALYZER

AT89c52 compatible processor with software lock. Alphanumeric backlit (16x2) display for easy user interface. Calculator type keyboard (4x4) for easy and faster operation. Visual Indication of card status as well as error signaling (buzzer). Electro magnetic Relay used for switching the gate. Stepper Motor for Opening and Closing the gate.

TRACKING AND POSITIONING USING GPS & GSM

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF TRACKING AND POSITIONING

16x2 LCD display GPS

Arm Proces sor 89s52 MAX 232 Power Supply

GSM Modem

GPS
The GPS receiver is a space based satellite navigation system that provides location and time information in all weather anywhere on or near earth.

WORKING PRINCIPLE
GPS:

GPS satellites broadcast signals from space.

GPS receivers are used in mobile phones, vehicles, marine navigation devices and military applications.

WORKING PRICIPLE (CONTD.)

Need a minimum of 4 satellites for a position solution. Good GPS receivers know when their measurements

are poor.

Fast speed. Leads in right direction.

Makes navigation easier.

GSM
GSM is a cellular network , which means that cell phones connect to it by searching for cells in the immediate vicinity. It consists of helical antenna.

WORKING PRICIPLE
GSM uses a combination of TDMA (time division

multiplexing)and FDMA(frequency devision multiplexing). GSM provides voice and data services. Maximum data rate 9600 bit/s Maximum mobile terminal output power. Maximum cell radius 30 km. Minimum cell radius 350m.

UNMANNED RAILWAY GATE

CONSISTS OF:
Microcontroller 89c2051 Stepper mortar. Pressurized switch. Power supply. Interface 2803

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF UNMANNED RAILWAY GATE

Switch 1 Microcontr oller 89c2051 Switch 2 Interface 2803

Steeper motor

Power supply

WORKING PRINCIPLE OF UNMANNED RAILWAY GATE

It consists of two weight sensors(switches).
One is placed before the railway gate and the another

one is after the gate. When the first switch is pressed by the train the gate closes automatically using steeper motor. When the train crosses over the second switche which is placed after the gate, the gate opens automatically using the steeper motor.

ADVANTAGES
Reliability
Less maintenance Cheaper System doesn't disturb existing frequency. Authentic in operation.

DISADVANTAGES
GSM network is required.
External power supply is needed. GPS and GSM is costly. Requires careful operations.

APPLICATION
The micro controller is control the train to stop at railway

station and open the compartment gate. Automatic announcement inside the compartment when train reach at Platform. Microcontroller based automatic controlling of train. Checks the validity of the ticket. GPS and GSM are used for finding the location of the train. Unmanned automatic railway gate is controlled by micro controller.

CONCLUSION
The present situation in train is using manual communication. To reduce the manual efforts and human errors. We are trying to implement a prototype model of the train system within the limited available source and economy. The system can be subjected to further development using advanced techniques. It may become a success if our project can be implemented in the modern train.

A machine is equivalent to 1000 humans input.

T H A N K Y O U