Bucuresti, 21 Ianuarie 2013

Codul de proiectare seismica P 100-1

Prevederi de proiectare pentru cladiri Prevederi de proiectare pentru cladiri
Cap. 3. Actiunea seismica
Partea 1
Prof. dr. ing. Dan Lungu
Prof. dr. ing Radu Vcreanu
Prof dr ing Sorin Demetriu Prof. dr. ing. Sorin Demetriu
Conf. dr. ing. Alexandru Aldea
S.l. dr. ing. Cristian Arion
Universitatea Tehnica de Constructii Bucuresti
Hazardul seismic in Romania Hazardul seismic in Romania
1. Seismicitatea Romaniei
Datele primare privind localizarea in timp si spatiu Datele primare privind localizarea in timp si spatiu
si magnitudinea cutremurelor sunt din cataloagele
Institutului National pentru Fizica Pamantului si din
catalogul seismologului Cornelius Radu.
Sursele seismice si conturul acestora sunt cele recent
definitivate de INFP in Proiectul SHARE. definitivate de INFP in Proiectul SHARE.
Datele privind seismicitatea au fost prelucrate de UTCB in
mai multe etape, ultima fiind in 2012 in cadrul Proiectului
BIGSEES (2012 2015) in care UTCB si INFP sunt BIGSEES (2012-2015) in care UTCB si INFP sunt
parteneri.
Surse seismice ce pot afecta teritoriul Romaniei, INFP&UTCB
Catalogul C. Radu pentru cutremurele Vrancene istorice majore,
984-1900, I
0
> 8.0
Nr. Date Hour (GMT)
h:m:s
I
o
Maximum intensity
M
Gutenberg- Richter
magnitude
Source
Radu Others Radu Others
1 984 8 6.7 CM
2 1038 Aug 15 8.5 6.9 RT, CM
R C t l l R d 1971
g ,
3 1107 Feb 5 03:00 8 8/CM 6.7 6.2/KS R, KS
4 1126 Aug 8 00: 7/8 8/CM 6.4 6.2/KS KS
5 1170 Oct 1 8 8.5/CM 6.7 7.0/KS KS
6 1196 Februarie 13 07: 9 9/CM (6.7)7.2 7.0/KS KS
7 1230 May 10 07: 9
+
8.5/CM (6.9)7.3 7.1/KS N, R, KS
8 1258 Feb 7 15: 8 6.7 RT, CM
R - Cataloagele Radu, 1971,
1974
RT - Catalogul Radu, Torro,
9 1327
1
8 6.7 7.0/KS KS
10 1446 Oct 10 04: 8 8.5/CM 6.7 7.3/KS KS
11 1471 August 29 10-11: 9
+
8/9 KS (6.7)7.4 7.1/KS R
12 1516 Nov 8 12: 9 8/KS (6.8)7.2 6.8/KS R, RT, KS
13 1521 8 6.7 RT
l / /
Ca aogu adu, o o,
1986
CM - Catalogul Constantinescu
si Marza, 1980
14 1545 Jul19 08-09: 8 7/KS 6.7 6.2/KS RT, R, KS
15 1569 Aug 15 8 7/KS 6.7 6.2/KS R, RT
16 1590 Aug 10 20: 8/9 8/KS 6.9 6.8/KS R, RT
17 1595 April 21 11: 7 8/CM 5.5 RT
18 1601 Dec 24 15-16: 8 6.7 Main shock R, RT
19 1620 Nov 8 13-14: 9 8/KS (6.9)7.2 6.5/KS R, RT
20 1628 A il 4 01 8 6 7 RT
,
KS - Catalogul Kondorskaya,
Shebalin, 1977
20 1628 April 4 01: 8 6.7 RT
21 1681 Aug 19 00-01: 9 (6.7)7.4 6.8/KS CM, R, RT
22 1683 8.5 6.9 RT
23 1701 Jun12 00-01: 7/8 8/KS 6.4 6.9/KS R, RT
24 1711 Oct 11 00-01: 7 8/KS 6.1 6.5/KS R, RT
25 1738 May 31/ June11 10-11: 9
+
(6.9)7.4 Main shock R, RT
26 1790 April 06 19:29 8 6 7 6 9/KS R RT
N - Catalogul Niconov
SKH - Catalogul Shebalin,
Karnic Hadzievski 26 1790 April 06 19:29 8 6.7 6.9/KS R, RT
27 1802
5)
Oct 26 10:55 9
+
7.5 (7.5)7.6 7.4/KS R, KS
28 1829 Nov 26 1:40 7/8 8/9/SKH 6.4 6.9/KS R, KS
29 1838 Jan 23 18:45 8 9/CM 6.7 6.9/KS R, KS
30 1894 Aug 31 12:20 7 8/KS 6.1 6.5/KS R, KS
Karnic, Hadzievski,
1974
Catalogul cutremurelor Vrancene importante din Sec.XX,
M > 6 0
RADU Catalogue,
1994
MARZA
Catalogue,
www.infp.ro
Catalogue,
Date
Time
(GMT)
Lat. N
o
Long. E
o
M
w
> 6.0
1994
1980 1998
(GMT)
h:m:s
h, km I
0
M
GR
M
w

I
0
M
s
M
w

1903 13 Sept 08:02:7 45.7 26.6 >60 7 6.3 - 6.5 5.7 6.3
1904 6 Feb 02:49:00 45.7 26.6 75 6 5.7 - 6 6.3 6.6
1908 6 O t 21 39 8 45 7 26 5 150 8 6 8 8 6 8 7 1 1908 6 Oct 21:39:8 45.7 26.5 150 8 6.8 - 8 6.8 7.1
1912 25 May 18:01:7 45.7 27.2 80 7 6.0 - 7 6.4 6.7
1934 29 March 20:06:51 45.8 26.5 90 7 6.3 - 8 6.3 6.6
1939 5 Sept 06:02:00 45.9 26.7 120 6 5.3 - 6 6.1 6.2
1940 22 Oct 06:37:00 45.8 26.4 122 7 / 8 6.5 - 7 6.2 6.5 9 0 Oct 06:37:00 5.8 6. 7 / 8 6.5 7 6. 6.5
1940 10 Nov 01:39:07 45.8 26.7 150
1)
9 7.4 - 9 7.4 7.7
1945 7 Sept 15:48:26 45.9 26.5 75 7 / 8 6.5 - 7.5 6.5 6.8
1945 9 Dec 06:08:45 45.7 26.8 80 7 6.0 - 7 6.2 6.5
1948 29 May 04:48:55 45.8 26.5 130 6 / 7 5.8 - 6.5 6.0 6.3
2)
1977 4 March
2)
19:22:15 45.34 26.30 109 8 / 9 7.2 7.5 9 7.2 7.4
1986 30 Aug 21:28:37 45.53 26.47 133 8 7.0 7.3 - - 7.1
1990 30 May 10:40:06 45.82 26.90 91 8 6.7 7.0 - - 6.9
1990 31 May 00:17:49 45.83 26.89 79 7 6.1 6.4 - - 6.4
1802, 14 Oct
Chronicle of Monastery Valeni Chronicle of Monastery Valeni
It describes the collapse of the Cotroceni church in Bucharest
and of the Valeni church in Southern Carpathians
Voyage dans la Russie Mridionale et la Crime par la Hongrie,
l V l hi l M ld i
1802, 1829 & 1838
la Valachie et la Moldavie
par M. A. de Dmidoff
Illustr par Raffet Illustr par Raffet
E. Bourdin, diteur Paris. 1841 &1854, page 144.
On conserve encore le souvenir du tremblement de terre de 1802, qui
renversa la tour du monastre de Koltza; de celui de 1829, qui branla ; , q
fortement la plupart des difices de Bukharest. Depuis que ces lignes
sont crites, une secousse plus violente que toutes celles dont
le souvenir attriste encore le pays, a pens engloutir Bukharest.
Tout coup, le 11-23 janvier 1838, c'tait le soir, la ville s'branle;
les plus solides monuments chancellent; plusieurs maisons s'croulent;
t t d t d t t toutes son endommages, et, dans tout ces ravages,
plusieurs hommes perdent la vie.
In 1802, 14 oct. la 7 ceasuri si jumatate ziua fost-au mare si
napraznic cutremur care a prabusit multe sfinte Manastiri,
prabusindu-se si sfanta Manastire Cotroceni
1802
p
Cazut-au si Sfanta Manastire Valenii de Munte
Si atunci indemnandu-se de ravna dumnezeiasca au zidit
mai intii sfanta Manastire Cotroceni adica biserica, mai intii sfanta Manastire Cotroceni adica biserica,
clopotnita si casele cele mari.
Asemenea au zidit si pe Sfanta Manastire Valenii de Munte
Pomelnicul Manastirii Valeni
Sunt inca in memorie efectele cutremurului din 1802care a prabusit Turnul Manastirii Coltea; si a celui
1829
Sunt inca in memorie efectele cutremurului din 1802 care, a prabusit Turnul Manastirii Coltea; si a celui
din 1829 care a scuturat foarte tare cea mai mare parte a edificiilor din Bucuresti. Dupa scrierea acestor
randuri o miscare mai violenta decat toate celelalte a avut loc.
In 11 Ianuarie 1838, seara orasul a fost scuturat; , ;
cele mai solide monumente s-au avariat; cateva cladiri s-au prabusit;
toate au avut de suferit si
Mai multe persoane si-au pierdut viata.
Voyage dans la Russie Mridionale et la Crime par la Hongrie, la Valachie et la Moldavie
A. de Dmidoff
Illustr par Raffet
E. Bourdin, diteur Paris. 1841&1854, pag. 114
Catalogul cutremurelor Vrancene
Cutremure istorice majore si cutremure majore in secolul XX
M
w
- Magnitudinea moment
M M it di G t b Ri ht
Numarul de cutremure/secol avand intensitatea mai mare ca 9 si
i 7
M
G-R
- Magnitudinea Gutenberg-Richter
respectiv 7
Cutremurul din 10 Noiembrie 1940
C l ti 350 i ti i R i
M
GR
= 7.4; M
w
= 7.7 ; h = 150km
- Cel putin 350 victime in Romania
Prabusirea blocului Carlton in
Bucuresti
- 11 etaje, h = 47 m
C d b t t f il - Cadre beton armat fragile
- 130 victime
M 7 2 M 7 5 h 109 k
Cutremurul din 4 Martie 1977
M
G-R
= 7.2; M
w
= 7.5 ; h = 109 km
1578 victime (1424 in Bucuresti)
32 cladiri inalte din Bucuresti s-au
1578 victime (1424 in Bucuresti)
11 221 raniti (7598 in Bucuresti)
32 cladiri inalte din Bucuresti s au
prabusit, 29 fiind construite
inainte de 1940
Estimarea pierderilor conform Raportului Bancii Mondiale
(Report 16.P-2240-RO, 1978):
Pierderi totale in Romania : 2.05 miliarde USD
Pierderi la constructii, in general: 1.42 (70%)
Pierderi la cladiri si locuinte : 1.02 (50%)
1977 earthquake in Bucharest
Dunarea building Casata building
1977 earthquake in Bucharest
Faculty of Medicine
1977 earthquake in Bucharest
Elefterie Church
1977 earthquake in Bucharest
(i) Wil b ildi b il i 30 (ii) Li b ildi b il i 60 (i) Wilson building built in 30s (ii) Lizeanu building, built in 60s
Collapse of the building soft story at ground level
Singura accelerograma inregistrata in Romania a cutremurului din
4 Martie 1977 la INCERC Bucuresti, pe un accelerometru japonez p j p
SMAC B
1977 1977
Nicaieri in lume nu exista un centru populat atat de expus cutremurelor
provenind repetat din aceiasi sursa provenind repetat din aceiasi sursa
Charles Richter. 15 Martie 1977,
Scrisoare catre Guvernul Romaniei
Harta Mondiala a Hazardurilor Naturale intocmita in 1998 de Societatea
de reasigurari Mnich Re indica pentru Bucuresti: Oras mare cu
efecte seismice de tipul celor din Mexico-city
Hazardul seismic din sursele Banat, Danubius si Serbia
Catalog l c trem relor Catalogul cutremurelor
din zona
Moldova Noua in
perioada 1879-1993
M > 4.1 (Radu, 1994)
Catalogul Radu si Torro (manuscrise colectia Radu)
Hazardul seismic din sursa Crisana
Hazardul seismic din sursele Transilvania si Fagaras
Hazardul seismic din sursa Depresiunea Barladului
Hazardul seismic din sursa Depresiunea Predobrogeana
Hazardul seismic din sursele Shabla, Dulovo, Shumen, Gorna
Recurenta magnitudinilor cutremurelor
) M M ( |
Legea trunchiata Gutenberg-Richter pentru analiza seimicitatii
M
n =
M
e
| o
) M M (
) M M (
min max
max
e 1
e 1

|
|
.
D t i t l i i l it ti
Parametrii si se obtin cu metoda verosimilitatii maxime

( )
( )
( )
min max
min max
1
1
min max
min
m m
m m
e
e m m
m m

+ =
|
|
|
Determinarea parametrului prin rezolvare iterativa
( )
min max
1 e
|
|
Determinarea parametrului

t
z
m
=
min
v

( )
min
min
m
M
e
| o
v

=
1. Catalogul Radu pentru secolul XX;
M m =5 M
w
m
min
=5
2. Catalogul Romplus pentru secolul XX;
M 5 M
w
m
min
=5
3. Catalogul Romplus pentru secolele XIX si
XX; M
w
m
min
=6
M = 8 1 M
w,max
= 8.1
Valorile coeficientilor relatiei de recurenta Gutenberg-Richter pentru
cutremurele subcrustale vrancene cutremurele subcrustale vrancene
Catalog Durata M
wmin
o |
1 Radu 1901-2000 6,3 7,179 1,476
2 Romplus 1901-2000 6,3 9,548 1,805
5,0
5,0
p , , ,
3 Romplus 1801-2000 6,3 10,102 1,876
5,0
6,0
M
w
1 2 3
7 27 25 23
Valorile intervalelor medii de recurenta pentru valori Mw cuprinse intre 7 si 8
7.1 33 30 28
7.2 40 38 36
7.3 49 48 45
7 4 61 61 58 7.4 61 61 58
7.5 78 79 75
7.6 101 105 101
7.7 137 145 140
7 8 198 214 208 7.8 198 214 208
7.9 322 354 345
8 694 778 761
Densitatea de repartitie
0.56
0.52
0.48
0 44

( )
( )
max min
;
min
m m m e k m f
m m
M
s s =
|
|
( )
| |
1
min max
1


=
m m
e k
|
f
(
m
)
0.44
0.4
0.36
0.32
0.28
0 24
| | 1 = e k
0.24
0.2
0.16
0.12
0.08
0.04
Functia de repartitie
1
0.9
Histogram Exponential (2P)
m
7.6 7.4 7.2 7 6.8 6.6 6.4 6.2 6 5.8 5.6 5.4 5.2 5
0
F
(
m
)
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
Sample Exponential (2P)
m
7.6 7.4 7.2 7 6.8 6.6 6.4 6.2 6 5.8 5.6 5.4 5.2 5
0
1.E+00

m
Sursa seismica
subcrustala Vrancea
1.E02
1.E01
1.E03
1.E04
5.0 5.2 5.4 5.6 5.8 6.0 6.2 6.4 6.6 6.8 7.0 7.2 7.4 7.6 7.8 8.0
M
w
1.E+00

m
1.E01
1.E03
1.E02
1.E04
5.0 5.2 5.4 5.6 5.8 6.0 6.2 6.4 6.6 6.8 7.0 7.2 7.4 7.6 7.8 8.0
M
w
1 E 01
1.E+00

m
Sursa seismica
crustala Banat
1.E02
1.E01
1 E 04
1.E03
1.E04
3.8 4.0 4.2 4.4 4.6 4.8 5.0 5.2 5.4 5.6 5.8 6.0 6.2
M
w
1.E+00

m
1.E01
1.E03
1.E02
1.E04
3.8 4.0 4.2 4.4 4.6 4.8 5.0 5.2 5.4 5.6 5.8 6.0 6.2
M
w
Sursa seismica
crustala Danubius
1 E 01
1.E+00

m
1.E02
1.E01
1 E 04
1.E03
1.E04
3.8 4.0 4.2 4.4 4.6 4.8 5.0 5.2 5.4 5.6 5.8 6.0
M
w
1.E+00

m
1.E01
1.E03
1.E02
1.E04
3.8 4.0 4.2 4.4 4.6 4.8 5.0 5.2 5.4 5.6 5.8 6.0
M
w
Sursa seismica crustala
Crisana-Maramures
1 E 01
1.E+00

m
1.E02
1.E01
1 E 04
1.E03
1.E04
3.5 3.7 3.9 4.1 4.3 4.5 4.7 4.9 5.1 5.3 5.5 5.7 5.9 6.1 6.3 6.5
M
w
1.E+00

m
1.E01
1.E03
1.E02
1.E04
3.5 3.7 3.9 4.1 4.3 4.5 4.7 4.9 5.1 5.3 5.5 5.7 5.9 6.1 6.3 6.5
M
w
Sursa seismica crustala
Transilvania
1.E01

m
1.E02
1 E 04
1.E03
1.E04
4.0 4.2 4.4 4.6 4.8 5.0 5.2 5.4 5.6 5.8 6.0 6.2
M
w
1.E01

m
1.E02
1.E03
1.E04
4.0 4.2 4.4 4.6 4.8 5.0 5.2 5.4 5.6 5.8 6.0 6.2
M
w
Sursa seismica crustala
Depresiunea Predobrogeana
1 E 01
1.E+00

m
1.E02
1.E01
1.E04
1.E03
3.8 4.0 4.2 4.4 4.6 4.8 5.0 5.2
M
w
1.E+00

m
1.E01
1.E03
1.E02
1.E04
3.8 4.0 4.2 4.4 4.6 4.8 5.0 5.2
M
w
2. Inregistrari seismice
2.1 Seismic Instrumentation in Romania
2.1 Seismic instrumentation in Bucharest 2.1 Seismic instrumentation in Bucharest

ROMANIA. Maximumpeak groundacceleration PGA, cm/s2recordedduring1977, 1986and1990VRANCEA earthquakes

#
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
48
Ukraine
Hungary Republic of
Moldova
Moldova
P
r
u
t #
Satu-Mare
Botosani
11.5
N
E W
S
PGA cm/s2
ROMANIA. Maximum peak groundacceleration PGA, cm/s2recordedduring 1977, 1986and1990VRANCEA earthquakes
%
&
%
#
&
47
Moldova
Cris
#
#
Cluj-Napoca
Oradea
Iasi
Bacau
Barlad
Dochia
Chisinau
Krasnogorka
50.9
82.0
132.0
212.8
146.4
200 - 300
150 - 200
75 - 150
0 - 75
PGA, cm/s2
Seismic stations with
free-field records:
#
#
#
#
#
%
%
$
%
$
$
#
&
#
%
#
#
46
Banat
Mures
#
Timisoara
Adjud
Surduc
Barlad
Onesti
Tulcea
Focsani
Carcaliu
Vrancioaia
Vidra Lotru
Muntele Rosu
Vidraru Arges
Transilvania
Cahul
Ramnicu Sarat
1977
1986
1990
1940
86.6
79.1
97.2
297.1
157.2
168.6
136.6
232.1
164.0
158.6
Valenii de Munte
O
lt
March 4, 1977
Mw=7.5
h=109 km
& Bulgaria network
$ GEOTEC network
&
#
INCERC network
%
INFP network
R. of Moldova network
#
%
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
$
#
#
%
#
#
#
#
#
45
Black
Valahia
Dobrogea
#
Craiova
Bucuresti
Baia
Peris
Istrita
Otopeni
Pitesti
Campina
Branesti
Calarasi
Cernavoda Bolintin Vale
Fetesti
45.8
14.3
26.1
90.8
93.6
61.5
109.4
186.9
208.6 150.8
194 9
223.8
107.1
100.4
#
Constanta
Valenii de Munte
219.8
Ploiesti
#
h=109 km
Aug.30, 1986
May 30, 1990
Mw=7.2
h=133 km
Mw=7.0
h=91 km
#
&
#
&
&
&
&
44
Yugoslavia
Bulgaria
Black
Sea
Danube
#
Turnu Magurele Ruse
Varna
Giurgiu
Kavarna
Provadia
Shabla
36.2
48.2
32.9
33.6
194.9
114.1
112.4
112.2
Constanta
100 0 100 200 Kilometers
#
Epicenters of strong
Vrancea events
(Mw > 6.9)
Lungu, Aldea, 1999
h=91 km
Mw - moment magnitude
h - focus depth
ArcView GIS version 3.1, ESRI Inc. CA.
JICA Project - Reduction of seismic risk for buildings and
structures in Romania
7 mill. USD JICA project budget
Equipment cost 2.7 mill. USD donation to the Romanian Government
- Soil testing laboratory
- Structural testing laboratory
- Seismic instrumentation network in Bucharest and Romania
(f fi ld b h l b ildi ) (free field, borehole, buildings)
26 Romanian young engineers trained in J apan
34 J apanese short termand long termexperts dispatched in Romania p g p p
JICA PROJECT - Reduction of seismic risk for buildings
and structures in Romania and structures in Romania
Project signed in 2002, when 100 years of diplomatic relations between
Japan and Romania were celebrated
Partnership of 3 institutions: Partnership of 3 institutions:
NCSRR, National Center for Seismic Risk Reduction
UTCB, Technical University of Civil Engineering Bucharest
INCERC, National Institute for Building Research, Bucharest
under the authority of:
MTCT, Ministry of Transports, Constructions and Tourism.
Project duration: 5.5 yr
Equipment delivered by J ICAand installed together with two OYO technicians
Equipment for strong ground motion observation
Equipment delivered by J ICA and installed together with two OYO technicians
and one J apanese expert:
- Altus K2 accelerometer (11)
- borehole sensors FBA-23DH (14+1)
- sensors EPISENSOR ES-T (9+1)
- ETNA accelerometer (5+1) ( )
Seismic network
Free field
outside Bucharest
Borehole
Bucharest
2
Building
Bucharest
2 ETNA
6 sites
K2
7 sites
3 sensors
K2
4 sites
(surface +
2 in borehole)
Bldg.1
10th&11th
Bldg.2
10th&11th
5th
Free field
top
5th
B1
B1
Typical RC Typical RC
frame structure
residential
Buildings Buildings
1 - after 1977 (11 storeys)
2 - before 1977 (7 storeys)
Bucharest - Location of borehole instrumented sites
Borehole seismic instrumentation
Altus K2
accelerometer
Free field
Shallow
Deep
borehole
Surface and
borehole cables
Borehole sensor
accelerometer
Borehole sensor
Shallow
borehole
2430m
60153m
Borehole sensor
Inregistrari ale cutremurelor Vrancene importante
Atenuarea miscarilor seismice Vrancene
Inregistrari ale cutremurelor Vrancene importante
Seismic
network Romania
Rep. of
Moldova Bulgaria Total
Event INCERC
1)
INFP
2)
GEOTEC
3)
IGG
4)
Event INCERC INFP GEOTEC IGG
4 Martie 1977 1 - - - - 1
30 August 1986 24 8 3 2 - 37
30 Mai 1990 23 10 2 2 5 42
Total 48 18 5 4 5 80 Total 48 18 5 4 5 80
Sectoare pentru analiza de atenuare
Relatia de atenuare (Mollas & Yamazaki, 1995):
Sursa Vrancea
( , )
ln PGA = c
0
+ c
1
M
w
+ c
2
lnR +c
3
R +c
4
h + c
PGA acceleratia maxima a terenului
M
w
- magnitudinea moment, h adancimea focarului
w
R distanta hipocentrala
c
0
, c
1
, c
2
, c
3
, c
4
coeficienti de regresie
c variabila aleatoare de medie zero si abatere standard c - variabila aleatoare de medie zero si abatere standard
o
c
= o
ln PGA
Coeficienti de multi-regresie neliniara, Lungu et.al., 1999
Sector c
0
c
1
c
2
c
3
c
4
o
lnPGA 0 1 2 3 4 lnPGA
Toate datele 3.098 1.053 -1.000 -0.0005 -0.006 0.502
Sectorul Bucuresti 1.685 1.181 -1.000 0.002 -0.005 0.461
Atenuarea miscarilor seismice Vrancene
600
1977
400
500
600
200
300
400
P
G
A
,

c
m
/
s
2
50%
16%
84%
Rec
0
100
Rec
300
350
1986
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450
d,km
200
250
c
m
/
s
2
50%
16%
100
150
P
G
A
,

c
84%
Rec
0
50
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
d,km
Atenuarea miscarilor seismice Vrancene
350
1990_1
250
300
350
50%
16%
150
200
P
G
A
,

c
m
/
s
2
16%
84%
Rec
0
50
100
250
1990_2
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
d,km
150
200
c
m
/
s
2
50%
16%
84%
Rec
50
100
P
G
A
,

c
0
0 50 100 150 200 250
d,km
Atenuarea miscarilor seismice Vrancene
100
2004
70
80
90
100
50%
16%
30
40
50
60
P
G
A
,

c
m
/
s
2
84%
Rec
0
10
20
30
0 50 100 150 200 250
1000
Normalisation
0 50 100 150 200 250
d,km
100
c
m
/
s
2
50%
16%
84%
Rec
100
P
G
A
,

c
10
10 100 1000
d,km
Atenuarea miscarilor seismice Vrancene
4
2
3
Sample Size 109
Range 6.3923
Mean 0.1103
Variance 1.1111
0
1
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450
N
R
E
S
D,km
Std. Deviation 1.0541
Coef. of Variation 9.5565
Std. Error 0.10096
Skewness -0.84716
3
2
1
Probability Density Function
0.4
Excess Kurtosis 2.2906
4
3
0.36
0.32
0.28
0 24
f
(
x
)
0.24
0.2
0.16
0.12
Histogram Normal
x
2.4 1.6 0.8 0 -0.8 -1.6 -2.4 -3.2
0.08
0.04
0
Atenuarea miscarilor seismice Vrancene
h r m PGA PGA P > ) , , | * (
( )
( )
}
(
(

|
.
|

\
|

=
*
0
2
, |
d
* ln
2
1
exp
1
*
1
2
1
*
y
R M Y
y
y
y
y F
u

u
t
Mw=7,5; h =109km; D=223km
8.E-01
9.E-01
1.E+00

31 august 1986, D=100 km
200
250
8.0E-01
9.0E-01
1.0E+00
4.E-01
5.E-01
6.E-01
7.E-01
1
-
F
P
G
A
100
150
D
,

k
m
4.0E-01
5.0E-01
6.0E-01
7.0E-01
Mediana
Media
Media+1 st.dev
Func rep
1.E-01
2.E-01
3.E-01
50
1.0E-01
2.0E-01
3.0E-01
0.E+00
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450
PGA, cm/s
2
0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
PGA, cm/s2
0.0E+00
3. Evaluarea hazardului seismic
C i l h d l i i Cerinte generale hazardul seismic
Hazardul seismic pentru proiectare - descris de
l d f l i i i t l t l i valoarea de varf a acceleraiei orizontale a terenului a
g
Nivel de Interval Probabilitatea Probabilitatea
hazard
seismic
mediu de
recurenta,
IMR, ani
de depasire in 1
an
de depasire in
50 de ani
1 50 2,00% 63%
2 225 0,44% 20%
3 475 0,21% 10%
4 975 0,10% 5%
Evaluarea probabilistica a hazardului seismic
este instrumentul de modelare ce sta la baza
stabilirii actiunii seismice de proiectare;
Curba de hazard seismic obtinuta prin analiza Curba de hazard seismic, obtinuta prin analiza
probabilistica de hazard seismic, se bazeaza
pe formula probabilitatilor totale: p p
( *) di l d d i

| | | | ( ) ( )
} }
> = > =
m r
R M m m y
dmdr r f m f r m y Y P y Y P , | * *
min min
*

(y>y*) este rata medie anuala de depasire a
valorii y*
Mw=7,5; h =109km; D =223km
7.E-01
8.E-01
9.E-01
1.E+00
Densitatea de repartitie
0.56
0.52
0.48
0.44
0.4
3.E-01
4.E-01
5.E-01
6.E-01
1
-
F
P
G
A
f
(
m
)
0.36
0.32
0.28
0.24
0.2
0.16
0.12
0.E+00
1.E-01
2.E-01
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450
PGA, cm/s
2
Histogram Exponential (2P)
m
7.6 7.4 7.2 7 6.8 6.6 6.4 6.2 6 5.8 5.6 5.4 5.2 5
0.08
0.04
0
Densitatea de repartitie

| | | | ( ) ( )
} }
> = > =
m r
R M m m y
dmdr r f m f r m y Y P y Y P , | * *
min min
*

0.4
0.36
0.32
0.28
f
(
m
)
0.24
0.2
0.16
0.12
Histogram Normal
m
240 232 224 216 208 200 192 184 176 168 160 152
0.08
0.04
0
1E01
Sursa seismica subcrustala Vrancea
1.E-01
1.E-02

P
G
A
1.E-03
1.E-04
50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
PGA, cm/s
2
Curba de hazard seismic pentru municipiul Iasi
IMR, ani 30 100 225 475 975
PGA, cm/s
2
100 190 250 320 400
P100-1/2006. Harta de hazard seismic
Revizuire P100-1. Harta de hazard seismic