INEGALITATI INTEGRALE Prof. Andrei Dumitru-Mihai PROPRIETATE Dac f , g :[a , b] R sunt doua funcii integrabile g"#$ , # [a , b] atunci e inter!

!alul [a , b] si f"#$

f " x$dx g " x$dx

a a b a

Consecina: Daca m f " x$ M x [a, b] , atunci m"b a $ f " x$ dx M "b a $ APLICATII : 1) %ar a calcula integralele s se demonstre&e urmatoarele inegaliti : ) + x ( ( ( )x , x ( * dx dx ( / < dx < . a$ b$ c$ x + ) ' + ) x + + x + ( ( ) ) d$ ( < e dx < e
x) * (

e$
x dx (+ x *
e

() e )dx )
( x )

) f$ e cos x dx e ) ) *
x (x h$ ) e e dx + e dx ( + e
) )

g$

ln"( + x$dx
*

2)a$ Demonstrai c ln"(0#)$ # , # * 1i c

ln"( + x
(
( * (

$ dx

/ )

x x * 1i c b$ Demonstrai c ln"( + x $ (+ x

ln"( + x$dx ( ln ) arctg " x +($dx ' + )

*

c$ Demonstrai c arctg " x + ($ x + d$ Demonstrai c arctg x e$ Demonstrai c

( ' x) <

'

x * 1i c

x x * 1i demonstrai c ) x +(
( ' x) x/ < ( ' )x )

arctg xdx > ) ln )

(

x [*,(] 1i demonstrai c

( dx < < . * ' x) x/ ' )

f$ Demonstrai c

* ( x ) arctg x arctg x x [*,(]

1i demonstrai c

* < ( x ) arctg xdx <

*

ln ) '
(

g$ Demonstrai c h$ Demonstrai c

x )n ( x dx x ) n x [*,(] 1i demonstrai c * (+ x )n + ( (+ x *
)n

)x

< sin x < x

1i c ( e

e sin x dx <
*
(
)

"( e ( $ )

( ( ( x) i$ Demonstrai c e e (+ x)

( x si ca e e dx *

'

b b ) b ) 3) Demonstrai inegalitatea fg f g a a a

" Cauchy Buniakowski$

a

Aplica ii: a$ Dac f : [* , a]R continu , atunci b$ * x sin x dx

*

f " x $dx a f ) " x $dx

*

, a >*

c$

)
*

sin

/ )

x dx

)
a b (

!) " In#$ali%a%#a lui &oun$ $ %ie f : R+ R+ , o functie continua , strict crescatoare astfel incat f "*$ = * , atunci oricare ar fi a * , si b f " R $ a!em ab f " x $dx + f Aplica%ii : ($
" y $dy
* *

(
e * )

e x ( + ln x ) + ( dx e )

))

"a2b2e$

) x [*, )] )$ f : [* , )] [* , )] , f "*$ = * , continua bi3ecti!a si f " f " x$$ x (

.Demonstrati ca

f " x$dx )
*

') In#$ali%a%#a lui C#(is#) : %ie f , g : [ a, b] R , doua functii continue si monotone . Daca : b b b g " x$dx ( ) b a " f g $ dx f " x $ dx a$ f si g au aceiasi monotonie atunci : a a a b b b g " x$ dx f " x $ dx b$ f si g au monotonii diferite : ( b a ) " f g $ dx a a a Aplica%ii : ($ %ie f : [ a, b ] R , o functie continua , crescatoare . 4a se arate ca

xf " x$dx
a a

)a > * a!em )$ %ie f : R R , continua si monotona . 4a se arate ca (

a

a +b f " x $ , cu egalitate daca a 2 b sau f este constanta ) a

xf ( f ( x ) ) dx *
a b

/$%ie f : [ a, b] [ *, ) , a 5* o functie deri!abila cu deri!ata negati!a. 4a se arate ca :

f " x$dx b +a )

f " x$ dx x