Calculul termic al motorului cu aprindere prin comprimare

Puterea nominala
Turatia nominal
Numarul de cilindri

Pn=
nn=
i=

30 kW
3800 rot/min
4

Parametrii initiali
T0=
293
p0=
1.02 10^5
ps=
1.6 10^5
ns=
1.7
Ts=
352.67589552
Ts=To(ps/ps)^((ns-1)/ns)
deltaTi=
40
Tac=
312.67589552
Tac=Ts-deltaTi
Tr=
850
pr=
1.1 10^5
lambda=
1.75
epsilon=
17

K
N/m2
N/m2

40.8 CP

temperatura initiala
presiunea initiala
presiunea de supraalimentare
exponent politropic turbosuflanta
temperatura aerului la iesirea din suflanta

K
K

racirea aerului in intercooler

temperatura aerului la intrarea in cilindru

K {700-900}
temperatura gazelor reziduale
N/m2 {1,05..1,25} presiunea gazelor reziduale
coeficientul de exces de aer
{1,25...2,25}
raportul de comprimare
{14....23}

Parametrii procesului de schimbare a gazelor:

Se adopta:
pa=
1.5 10^5
deltaT=
20
nup=
1.1

N/m2
K {10...25}
{1,05...1,2}

presiunea la sfarsitul admisiei

preincalzirea amestecului
coeficient de postumplere

Se determina prin calcule

Coeficientul gazelor reziduale
Gammar= (Tac+deltaT)pr/Tr(epsilon*pa*nup-pr)=

0.016

Temperatura la sfarsitul admisiei

Ta=(Tac+deltaT+gammarTr)/(1+Gammar)=

340.810 K

Coeficientul de umplere
EtaV=((paTac/psTa)*(epsilon/(epsilon-1))*(nup/(1+Gammar))=
Parametrii procesului de comprimare
Se adopta:
n1=

1.39 {1,36...1,4}

0.99

coeficient politropic de comprimare

Se determina
Presiunea la sfarsitul comprimarii
pc=pa*epsilon^n1=

76.987 10^5

N/m2

Temperatura la sfarsitul comprimarii:

Tc=Ta*epsilon^(n1-1)=

Parametrii procesului de ardere

1028.934

Se adopta: c=
h=
o=
Qi=

0.857 kg
0.133 kg
0.01 kg
41868 kJ/kg
kcal/kg
0.8
1.8

ksi=
pi=

compozitia motorinei
compozitia motorinei
compozitia motorinei

[0,75..0,9] coef
[1,3..2,5] coef

de utilizare a caldurii
de crestere a presiunii

Aerul minim necesar arderii combustibilului este

Lmin=1/0,21*(c/12+h/4-o/32)=

0.497 kmol aer/kg comb

Cantitatea reala necesara arderii combustibilului

L=lambda*Lmin=

0.870 kmol aer/kg comb

Coeficientul teoretic de variatie molara a incarcaturii proaspete este

mu0=(L+h/4+c/12)/L=

1.039

Coeficientul real de variatie molara a incarcaturii proaspete

muf=(mu0+gammar)/(1+gammar)=

1.039

Caldura specifica molara medie a amestecului initial

Cmv'=20+17,4*10^(-3)*Tc=

37.903 kJ/kmolK

Caldura specifica molara medie a gazelor de ardere pt lambda>1

Cmv"=(20+9,2/lambda)+(13,8/lambda+1,55)*10^(-4)Tz=

25.257
25.257

0.002 Tz
23.386 10^-4Tz

Temperatura la sfarsitul arderii

ksiQ/( lambdaLmin(1+gammar))+(Cmv'+Rm*pi)*Tc=(Cmv"+RM)*muf*Tz
-24.288 10^-4
DELTA=

Tz^2

-34.866 Tz

92308.964 :=0

2112.449

Tz1=

2284.095 K {1800...2400}

Presiunea la sfarsitul arderii

pz=pz'=pi*pc=

13857591.819 N/m2

138.576 10^5

N/m2

Gradul de destindere prealabila se calculeaza din

ro=Vz/Vc=muTz/piTc=

1.281

Parametrii procesului de destindere

Se adopta n2=

1.2 {1,18...1,28}

Gradul de destindere
delta=Vb/Vz=epsilon/ro=

13.273

Presiunea la sfarsitul destinderii

pb=pz/delta^n2=

622501.645 N/m2

6.225 *10^5

N/m2

Temperatura la sfarsitul destinderii

Tb=Tz/delta^(n2-1)=

1361.830 K {900..1200}

Parametrii principali ai motorului

Se adopta: coef de rotunjire a diagramei
randamentul mecanic

mur=
etam=

0.95 {0,94..0,98}
0.85

Presiunea medie a ciclului teoretic se obtine din

pi'=pc/(epsilon-1)*{pi(ro-1)+pi*ro/(n2-1)*(1-1/(delta^(n2-1))-1/(n1-1)(1-1/delta(n1-1))]=
pi'=

16.991 *10^5{7,5...15}

N/m2

Presiunea medie indicata

pi=mur*pi'=

16.142 *10^5

N/m2

Randamentul indicat al motorului

etaI=RM*pi*M1*To/(po*etav*Qi)=8,314*pi*lambdaLminTo/poetavQi=
etaI=

0.808 {0,29...0,45}

Presiunea medie efectiva

pe=etm*pI=

13.721

N/m2

Randamentul efectiv
Etae=etam*etaI=

0.687 {0,25...0,4}

Consumul specific efectiv de combustibil

ge=36000/etae*Qi=
Dimensiunile fundamentale ale motorului
Se adopta:

FI=S/D=

0.125 {270...340}

kg/kWh

125.191 g/kWh

1.1 {0,96...1,3}

Capacitatea cilindrica necesara

Vh=120000pn/pe*n*i=

0.173 litri

Se determina alezajul si cursa:

D=(4Vh/pi*FI)^(1/3)=
S=FI*D=

0.585 dm

0.643 dm

58.461 mm
0.058 m
64.307 mm
0.064 m

Viteza medie a pistonului

Wm=Sn/30=

8.146 m/s {10..12}

Cilindreea totala
Vt=i*Vh=

0.690 litri

Puterea litrica
Pl=Pn/Vt=

43.449 kW/l

{13....19}

Diagrama indicata
Volumul la sfarsitul admisiei
Va=Vh*epsilon/(epsilon-1)=

0.183 dm3

Volumul la sfarsitul compresiei

Vc=Va/epsilon=

0.011

px=pa(Va/Vx)^n1
px=pz(Vz/Vx)^n2
Se adopta:
unghi de avans la aprindere {20...40oRAC}
unghi de avans la DSE
alfas=
raportul dintre raza manivelei si lungimealfaev=

Lambdab=

35 oRAC
40 oRAC
1/3,6

Xs=S/2{(1-cos(alfas))+lambdas/4(1-cos(2alfas))}=
pc"={1,15...1,25}pc=1,2pc=

7.284 mm
92.384 *10^5

Xev=S/2{(1-cos(alfaev))+lambdas/4(1-cos(2alfaev))}=
pa'=1/2(pa+pb)=

3.863 *10^5

Vc'=PI()*D^2*Xs/4=

0.033 dm3

Vb'=Va-PI()*D^2*Xev/4=

0.140

Vz=roVc=

0.611 rad
0.698 rad
0.278

N/m2

9.368 mm
N/m2

0.014

Vb=rodeltaVc=

0.183

Caracteristica externa
Puterea efectiva
Pex=Pn[anx/np+b(nx/np)^2-(nx/np)^3]=
Consumul specific
gex=gep[c-dnx/np+k(nx/np)^2]=
Consumul orar
Gcx=Pex*gex*10^(-3)=
Momentul motor
Mex=3*10^4*Pex/(pi*n)=
Constante
Motor
MAC
cu
camera

unitara
divizata
de vartej

a
0.87
0.6
0.7

b
1.13
1.4
1.3

c
1.55
1.35
1.2

d
1.55
1.35
1.2

k
1
1
1

n [r/min]
Pe [kW]
1000
8.669
1200
10.678
1400
12.717
1600
14.760
1800
16.781
2000
18.754
2200
20.652
2400
22.449
2600
24.119
2800
25.635
3000
26.972
3200
28.104
3400
29.003
3600
29.644
3800
30.000
4100
0.000

ge [g/kWh]
151.651
145.253
139.548
134.537
130.220
126.596
123.665
121.428
119.885
119.036
118.880
119.417
120.648
122.573
125.191
600.000

Ge [kg/h]
1.315
1.551
1.775
1.986
2.185
2.374
2.554
2.726
2.891
3.052
3.206
3.356
3.499
3.634
3.756
1.127

Me [Nm]
144.489
148.305
151.392
153.751
155.380
156.280
156.451
155.894
154.607
152.591
149.847
146.373
142.171
137.239
131.579
0.000

irea din suflanta

rarea in cilindru

Cinematica mecanismului biela-manivela

Alfa
Beta
Omega
S
R
L
Lambda

unghiul de rotatie al manivelei

unghiul de inclinare al axei bielei
viteza unghiulara de rotatie a arborelui cotit
cursa pistonului
raza manivelei
lungimea bielei
raportul dintre raza manivelei si lungimea bielei

Omega=PI*n/30=
R=S/2=
Lambda=R/L=
Beta max=

397.94
32.15365
1/3,6
1/3,2...1/4
0.277778
15 o{12..18}

L=R/Lambda=

115.7532

Ap=piD^2/4=

0.002684 m2

Deplasarea pistonului
xp=R[(1-cos alfa)+1/lambda(1-cos beta)]
xp=R[(1-cos alfa)+-lambda/4(1-cos 2alfa)]
Volumul cilindrului la un moment dat
Vp=piD^2*Sx/4
Viteza pistonului
vp=Romega(sinalfa +-Lambda/2*sin2alfa)
alfavmax=arccos{sqrt((1/4lambda)^2+1/2)-1/4lambda}

Acceleratia pistonului
ap=Romega^2*(cosalfa+-lambdacos2alfa)
Alfa [grd] Beta [grd]
0
0.00000
10
0.04825

xp [mm]
0.00000
0.62315

Vp [l]
0.00000
0.01673

vp [m/s]
0.00000
2.82964

ap [m/s2]
6505.94074
6343.29298

unghiul de viteza maxima

20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
220
230
240
250
260
270
280
290
300
310
320
330
340
350
360
370
380
390
400
410
420
430
440
450
460
470
480
490
500
510

0.09515
0.13934
0.17951
0.21443
0.24295
0.26408
0.27709
0.28148
0.27709
0.26408
0.24295
0.21443
0.17951
0.13934
0.09515
0.04825
0.00000
-0.04825
-0.09515
-0.13934
-0.17951
-0.21443
-0.24295
-0.26408
-0.27709
-0.28148
-0.27709
-0.26408
-0.24295
-0.21443
-0.17951
-0.13934
-0.09515
-0.04825
0.00000
0.04825
0.09515
0.13934
0.17951
0.21443
0.24295
0.26408
0.27709
0.28148
0.27709
0.26408
0.24295
0.21443
0.17951
0.13934

2.46150
5.42422
9.36768
14.10631
19.42617
25.09984
30.90136
36.61944
42.06820
47.09424
51.57982
55.44226
58.62994
61.11598
62.89060
63.95348
64.30731
63.95348
62.89060
61.11598
58.62994
55.44226
51.57982
47.09424
42.06820
36.61944
30.90136
25.09984
19.42617
14.10631
9.36768
5.42422
2.46150
0.62315
0.00000
0.62315
2.46150
5.42422
9.36768
14.10631
19.42617
25.09984
30.90136
36.61944
42.06820
47.09424
51.57982
55.44226
58.62994
61.11598

0.06607
0.14560
0.25145
0.37865
0.52145
0.67375
0.82947
0.98296
1.12922
1.26413
1.38454
1.48822
1.57378
1.64051
1.68815
1.71668
1.72618
1.71668
1.68815
1.64051
1.57378
1.48822
1.38454
1.26413
1.12922
0.98296
0.82947
0.67375
0.52145
0.37865
0.25145
0.14560
0.06607
0.01673
0.00000
0.01673
0.06607
0.14560
0.25145
0.37865
0.52145
0.67375
0.82947
0.98296
1.12922
1.26413
1.38454
1.48822
1.57378
1.64051

5.51846
7.93654
9.97460
11.55168
12.61986
13.16572
13.20848
12.79507
11.99288
10.88114
9.54185
8.05150
6.47442
4.85853
3.23388
1.61404
0.00000
-1.61404
-3.23388
-4.85853
-6.47442
-8.05150
-9.54185
-10.88114
-11.99288
-12.79507
-13.20848
-13.16572
-12.61986
-11.55168
-9.97460
-7.93654
-5.51846
-2.82964
0.00000
2.82964
5.51846
7.93654
9.97460
11.55168
12.61986
13.16572
13.20848
12.79507
11.99288
10.88114
9.54185
8.05150
6.47442
4.85853

5867.98782
5116.62744
4145.99302
3027.22444
1838.63543
657.98832
-444.89204
-1414.33494
-2213.18818
-2824.87517
-3252.97037
-3518.41781
-3654.79964
-3702.29250
-3701.10097
-3685.21276
-3677.27086
-3685.21276
-3701.10097
-3702.29250
-3654.79964
-3518.41781
-3252.97037
-2824.87517
-2213.18818
-1414.33494
-444.89204
657.98832
1838.63543
3027.22444
4145.99302
5116.62744
5867.98782
6343.29298
6505.94074
6343.29298
5867.98782
5116.62744
4145.99302
3027.22444
1838.63543
657.98832
-444.89204
-1414.33494
-2213.18818
-2824.87517
-3252.97037
-3518.41781
-3654.79964
-3702.29250

520
530
540
550
560
570
580
590
600
610
620
630
640
650
660
670
680
690
700
710
720

0.09515
0.04825
0.00000
-0.04825
-0.09515
-0.13934
-0.17951
-0.21443
-0.24295
-0.26408
-0.27709
-0.28148
-0.27709
-0.26408
-0.24295
-0.21443
-0.17951
-0.13934
-0.09515
-0.04825
0.00000

62.89060
63.95348
64.30731
63.95348
62.89060
61.11598
58.62994
55.44226
51.57982
47.09424
42.06820
36.61944
30.90136
25.09984
19.42617
14.10631
9.36768
5.42422
2.46150
0.62315
0.00000

1.68815
1.71668
1.72618
1.71668
1.68815
1.64051
1.57378
1.48822
1.38454
1.26413
1.12922
0.98296
0.82947
0.67375
0.52145
0.37865
0.25145
0.14560
0.06607
0.01673
0.00000

3.23388
1.61404
0.00000
-1.61404
-3.23388
-4.85853
-6.47442
-8.05150
-9.54185
-10.88114
-11.99288
-12.79507
-13.20848
-13.16572
-12.61986
-11.55168
-9.97460
-7.93654
-5.51846
-2.82964
0.00000

-3701.10097
-3685.21276
-3677.27086
-3685.21276
-3701.10097
-3702.29250
-3654.79964
-3518.41781
-3252.97037
-2824.87517
-2213.18818
-1414.33494
-444.89204
657.98832
1838.63543
3027.22444
4145.99302
5116.62744
5867.98782
6343.29298
6505.94074

D=
S=
Ap=

n=

0.0585 m
0.0643 m
0.0027 m2

p0=
pa=
pr=
pz=
p'I=

102000 N/m2
150000 N/m2
110000 N/m2
13857591.82 N/m2
1699146.61 N/m2

lambda=
n1=
ro=
n2=
Va=
Vc=
Vz=
Vt=

3800

mb= 0.805279 kg
mp= 0.671066 kg
mAC= 0.805279 kg

300 kg/m2
250 kg/m2
300 kg/m2

mj=mp+mIb=
m1b=0,275mb=
m2b=0,725mb=

0.278
1.390
1.281
1.200
0.183
0.011
0.014
0.690

N=FtgBeta
S=F/cosBeta
T=Ssin(alfa+Beta)
Z=Scos(alfa+beta)
M=F*R

0.8925177023 kg/m2
0.2214517607 kg/m2
0.5838273692 kg/m2

R=S/2= 0.032153655
psi=
180
omega=pin/30=

vp=Romega*(sinalfa+lambda/4cos2alfa
ap=Romega^2*(cosalfa-lambdacos2alfa)
Beta=arcsin(lambdasinAlfa)

Fg=(pg-p0)*Ap
Fj=-mjRomega^2(cosAlfa+lambdacos2Alfa
F=Fg+Fj

alfa
[grd]
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110

Xp
[m]
0.0000
0.0006
0.0025
0.0054
0.0094
0.0141
0.0194
0.0251
0.0309
0.0366
0.0421
0.0471

Vx
[l]
0.0108
0.0125
0.0174
0.0253
0.0359
0.0487
0.0629
0.0782
0.0937
0.1091
0.1237
0.1372

px
[N/m2]
102000.000
150000.000
150000.000
150000.000
150000.000
150000.000
150000.000
150000.000
150000.000
150000.000
150000.000
150000.000

vp
[m/s]
0.0000
2.8296
5.5185
7.9365
9.9746
11.5517
12.6199
13.1657
13.2085
12.7951
11.9929
10.8811

ap
[m/s2]
6505.9407
6343.2930
5867.9878
5116.6274
4145.9930
3027.2244
1838.6354
657.9883
-444.8920
-1414.3349
-2213.1882
-2824.8752

Fg
[N]
0.0000
128.8447
128.8447
128.8447
128.8447
128.8447
128.8447
128.8447
128.8447
128.8447
128.8447
128.8447

Fj
[N]
-5806.6673
-5661.5013
-5237.2830
-4566.6806
-3700.3722
-2701.8514
-1641.0147
-587.2662
397.0740
1262.3190
1975.3096
2521.2511

F
[N]
-5806.6673
-5532.6566
-5108.4383
-4437.8359
-3571.5275
-2573.0067
-1512.1700
-458.4216
525.9187
1391.1636
2104.1543
2650.0958

Beta
[rad]
0.0000
0.0483
0.0951
0.1393
0.1795
0.2144
0.2429
0.2641
0.2771
0.2815
0.2771
0.2641

N
[N]
0
-267
-488
-622
-648
-560
-375
-124
150
402
598
717

120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
220
230
240
250
260
270
280
290
300
310
320
330
340
350
360
370
380
390
400
410
420
430
440
450
460

0.0516
0.0554
0.0586
0.0611
0.0629
0.0640
0.0643
0.0640
0.0629
0.0611
0.0586
0.0554
0.0516
0.0471
0.0421
0.0366
0.0309
0.0251
0.0194
0.0141
0.0094
0.0054
0.0025
0.0006
0.0000
0.0006
0.0025
0.0054
0.0094
0.0141
0.0194
0.0251
0.0309
0.0366
0.0421

0.1492
150000.000
0.1596
150000.000
0.1682
150000.000
0.1748
150000.000
0.1796
150000.000
0.1825
150000.000
0.1834
150000.000
0.1825
151086.430
0.1796
154432.793
0.1748
160312.194
0.1682
169222.575
0.1596
181962.915
0.1492
199768.473
0.1372
224546.593
0.1237
259293.093
0.1091
308848.014
0.0937
381318.107
0.0782
490867.196
0.0629
663423.599
0.0487
948738.573
0.0359 1445724.934
0.0253 2348227.834
0.0174 3962919.265
0.0125 6300925.012
0.0108 7698662.122
0.0125 13857591.819
0.0174 10512372.984
0.0253 6691017.015
0.0359 4401818.001
0.0487 3059842.234
0.0629 2246875.746
0.0782 1732347.303
0.0937 1392996.886
0.1091 1161236.156
0.1237
998501.836

9.5418
8.0515
6.4744
4.8585
3.2339
1.6140
0.0000
-1.6140
-3.2339
-4.8585
-6.4744
-8.0515
-9.5418
-10.8811
-11.9929
-12.7951
-13.2085
-13.1657
-12.6199
-11.5517
-9.9746
-7.9365
-5.5185
-2.8296
0.0000
2.8296
5.5185
7.9365
9.9746
11.5517
12.6199
13.1657
13.2085
12.7951
11.9929

-3252.9704
-3518.4178
-3654.7996
-3702.2925
-3701.1010
-3685.2128
-3677.2709
-3685.2128
-3701.1010
-3702.2925
-3654.7996
-3518.4178
-3252.9704
-2824.8752
-2213.1882
-1414.3349
-444.8920
657.9883
1838.6354
3027.2244
4145.9930
5116.6274
5867.9878
6343.2930
6505.9407
6343.2930
5867.9878
5116.6274
4145.9930
3027.2244
1838.6354
657.9883
-444.8920
-1414.3349
-2213.1882

128.8447
128.8447
128.8447
128.8447
128.8447
128.8447
128.8447
131.7609
140.7434
156.5253
180.4431
214.6416
262.4364
328.9474
422.2161
555.2346
749.7635
1043.8221
1507.0090
2272.8697
3606.9122
6029.4680
10363.7257
16639.5498
20391.4449
36923.6367
27944.1870
17686.6596
11541.8457
7939.6287
5757.4122
4376.2822
3465.3762
2843.2692
2406.4474

2903.3336
3140.2502
3261.9734
3304.3616
3303.2981
3289.1176
3282.0293
3289.1176
3303.2981
3304.3616
3261.9734
3140.2502
2903.3336
2521.2511
1975.3096
1262.3190
397.0740
-587.2662
-1641.0147
-2701.8514
-3700.3722
-4566.6806
-5237.2830
-5661.5013
-5806.6673
-5661.5013
-5237.2830
-4566.6806
-3700.3722
-2701.8514
-1641.0147
-587.2662
397.0740
1262.3190
1975.3096

3032.1783
3269.0948
3390.8180
3433.2063
3432.1428
3417.9623
3410.8740
3420.8785
3444.0416
3460.8869
3442.4165
3354.8917
3165.7700
2850.1985
2397.5258
1817.5536
1146.8375
456.5559
-134.0056
-428.9817
-93.4600
1462.7874
5126.4427
10978.0485
14584.7776
31262.1354
22706.9040
13119.9791
7841.4735
5237.7773
4116.3976
3789.0160
3862.4502
4105.5882
4381.7570

0.2429
0.2144
0.1795
0.1393
0.0951
0.0483
0.0000
-0.0483
-0.0951
-0.1393
-0.1795
-0.2144
-0.2429
-0.2641
-0.2771
-0.2815
-0.2771
-0.2641
-0.2429
-0.2144
-0.1795
-0.1393
-0.0951
-0.0483
0.0000
0.0483
0.0951
0.1393
0.1795
0.2144
0.2429
0.2641
0.2771
0.2815
0.2771

751
712
615
482
328
165
0
-165
-329
-485
-625
-731
-785
-771
-682
-526
-326
-123
33
93
17
-205
-489
-530
0
1097
1252
1100
950
896
939
1044
1168
1267
1312

470
480
490
500
510
520
530
540
550
560
570
580
590
600
610
620
630
640
650
660
670
680
690
700
710
720

0.0471
0.0516
0.0554
0.0586
0.0611
0.0629
0.0640
0.0643
0.0640
0.0629
0.0611
0.0586
0.0554
0.0516
0.0471
0.0421
0.0366
0.0309
0.0251
0.0194
0.0141
0.0094
0.0054
0.0025
0.0006
0.0000

alfa
[grd]
0
10
20
30
40

M1
[Nm]
0.0
-39.4
-70.9
-88.7
-89.8

0.1372
0.1492
0.1596
0.1682
0.1748
0.1796
0.1825
0.1834
0.1825
0.1796
0.1748
0.1682
0.1596
0.1492
0.1372
0.1237
0.1091
0.0937
0.0782
0.0629
0.0487
0.0359
0.0253
0.0174
0.0125
0.0108

M2
[Nm]
0.0
-13.9
-27.9
-42.1
-55.8

881871.758
797199.465
735469.945
690795.435
543376.234
507151.151
434700.987
362250.822
326025.740
289800.658
253575.576
217350.493
181125.411
110000.000
110000.000
110000.000
110000.000
110000.000
110000.000
110000.000
110000.000
110000.000
110000.000
110000.000
110000.000
102000.000

M3
[Nm]
0.0
-15.4
-30.1
-43.5
-54.3

10.8811
9.5418
8.0515
6.4744
4.8585
3.2339
1.6140
0.0000
-1.6140
-3.2339
-4.8585
-6.4744
-8.0515
-9.5418
-10.8811
-11.9929
-12.7951
-13.2085
-13.1657
-12.6199
-11.5517
-9.9746
-7.9365
-5.5185
-2.8296
0.0000

M4
[Nm]
0.0
161.5
182.1
156.7
131.7

-2824.8752
-3252.9704
-3518.4178
-3654.7996
-3702.2925
-3701.1010
-3685.2128
-3677.2709
-3685.2128
-3701.1010
-3702.2925
-3654.7996
-3518.4178
-3252.9704
-2824.8752
-2213.1882
-1414.3349
-444.8920
657.9883
1838.6354
3027.2244
4145.9930
5116.6274
5867.9878
6343.2930
6505.9407

Mt
[Nm]
0.0
92.8
53.2
-17.6
-68.2

2093.3815
1866.0987
1700.4004
1580.4823
1184.7702
1087.5326
893.0572
698.5819
601.3442
504.1065
406.8688
309.6312
212.3935
21.4741
21.4741
21.4741
21.4741
21.4741
21.4741
21.4741
21.4741
21.4741
21.4741
21.4741
21.4741
0.0000

T1
[N]
0
-1224
-2205
-2758
-2792

2521.2511
2903.3336
3140.2502
3261.9734
3304.3616
3303.2981
3289.1176
3282.0293
3289.1176
3303.2981
3304.3616
3261.9734
3140.2502
2903.3336
2521.2511
1975.3096
1262.3190
397.0740
-587.2662
-1641.0147
-2701.8514
-3700.3722
-4566.6806
-5237.2830
-5661.5013
-5806.6673

T2
[N]

4614.6326
4769.4324
4840.6506
4842.4556
4489.1318
4390.8307
4182.1748
3980.6112
3890.4618
3807.4046
3711.2304
3571.6045
3352.6437
2924.8078
2542.7252
1996.7837
1283.7931
418.5481
-565.7921
-1619.5406
-2680.3773
-3678.8980
-4545.2065
-5215.8089
-5640.0272
-5806.6673

Z1
[N]
0
-431
-869
-1310
-1734

-5807
-5402
-4634
-3532
-2319

0.2641
0.2429
0.2144
0.1795
0.1393
0.0951
0.0483
0.0000
-0.0483
-0.0951
-0.1393
-0.1795
-0.2144
-0.2429
-0.2641
-0.2771
-0.2815
-0.2771
-0.2641
-0.2429
-0.2144
-0.1795
-0.1393
-0.0951
-0.0483
0.0000

Z2
[N]
-3411
-3398
-3349
-3240
-3039

1290
1200
1055
815
616
399
192
0
-184
-354
-501
-608
-637
-630
-540
-365
-121
161
438
664
801
825
732
538
280
0

T'
[N]
0
-396
-668
-724
-529

50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
220
230
240
250
260
270
280
290
300
310
320
330
340
350
360
370
380
390

-75.0
-48.1
-15.2
17.5
44.7
63.3
72.2
72.4
65.8
54.9
41.8
27.8
13.9
0.0
-13.9
-27.9
-42.1
-55.8
-67.5
-75.5
-77.6
-72.1
-58.4
-38.1
-15.2
4.3
12.5
2.3
-29.2
-71.2
-78.1
0.0
161.5
182.1
156.7

-67.5
-75.5
-77.6
-72.1
-58.4
-38.1
-15.2
4.3
12.5
2.3
-29.2
-71.2
-78.1
0.0
161.5
182.1
156.7
131.7
119.9
120.6
128.2
136.5
140.9
138.8
129.9
115.5
97.5
72.7
53.4
33.9
16.1
0.0
-15.4
-30.1
-43.5

-58.9
-60.7
-54.4
-38.6
-13.5
18.8
53.7
85.3
107.2
114.3
104.2
78.3
41.3
0.0
-39.4
-70.9
-88.7
-89.8
-75.0
-48.1
-15.2
17.5
44.7
63.3
72.2
72.4
65.8
54.9
41.8
27.8
13.9
0.0
-13.9
-27.9
-42.1

119.9
120.6
128.2
136.5
140.9
138.8
129.9
115.5
97.5
72.7
53.4
33.9
16.1
0.0
-15.4
-30.1
-43.5
-54.3
-58.9
-60.7
-54.4
-38.6
-13.5
18.8
53.7
85.3
107.2
114.3
104.2
78.3
41.3
0.0
-39.4
-70.9
-88.7

-81.4
-63.7
-19.1
43.3
113.7
182.8
240.7
277.4
283.0
244.2
170.2
68.9
-6.8
0.0
92.8
53.2
-17.6
-68.2
-81.4
-63.7
-19.1
43.3
113.7
182.8
240.7
277.4
283.0
244.2
170.2
68.9
-6.8
0.0
92.8
53.2
-17.6

-2331
-1497
-473
544
1391
1968
2245
2250
2047
1708
1300
866
431
0
-431
-869
-1310
-1734
-2100
-2349
-2415
-2243
-1818
-1186
-471
133
389
73
-909
-2213
-2428
0
5664
4873
4095

-2100
-2349
-2415
-2243
-1818
-1186
-471
133
389
73
-909
-2213
-2428
0
5664
4873
4095
3730
3751
3987
4246
4382
4317
4041
3592
3032
2262
1662
1055
502
0
-480
-936
-1352
-1689

-1225
-432
-40
-56
-402
-955
-1580
-2167
-2647
-2993
-3214
-3337
-3395
-3411
-3398
-3349
-3240
-3039
-2716
-2262
-1699
-1088
-526
-122
40
-38
-204
-61
1164
4650
10719
14585
22172
11900
6241

-2716
-2262
-1699
-1088
-526
-122
40
-38
-204
-61
1164
4650
10719
14585
22172
11900
6241
3401
1959
1081
340
-437
-1267
-2094
-2843
-3459
-3921
-3963
-4110
-4066
-3954
-3890
-3781
-3609
-3344

-115
426
971
1393
1604
1577
1358
1059
829
818
1104
1540
1430
0
-3048
-2871
-2702
-2732
-2926
-3168
-3330
-3312
-3067
-2613
-2032
-1450
-936
-795
-982
-1358
-1214
240
3300
3113
2892

400
410
420
430
440
450
460
470
480
490
500
510
520
530
540
550
560
570
580
590
600
610
620
630
640
650
660
670
680
690
700
710
720

131.7
119.9
120.6
128.2
136.5
140.9
138.8
129.9
115.5
97.5
72.7
53.4
33.9
16.1
0.0
-15.4
-30.1
-43.5
-54.3
-58.9
-60.7
-54.4
-38.6
-13.5
18.8
53.7
85.3
107.2
114.3
104.2
78.3
41.3
0.0

-54.3
-58.9
-60.7
-54.4
-38.6
-13.5
18.8
53.7
85.3
107.2
114.3
104.2
78.3
41.3
0.0
-39.4
-70.9
-88.7
-89.8
-75.0
-48.1
-15.2
17.5
44.7
63.3
72.2
72.4
65.8
54.9
41.8
27.8
13.9
0.0

-55.8
-67.5
-75.5
-77.6
-72.1
-58.4
-38.1
-15.2
4.3
12.5
2.3
-29.2
-71.2
-78.1
0.0
161.5
182.1
156.7
131.7
119.9
120.6
128.2
136.5
140.9
138.8
129.9
115.5
97.5
72.7
53.4
33.9
16.1
0.0

-89.8
-75.0
-48.1
-15.2
17.5
44.7
63.3
72.2
72.4
65.8
54.9
41.8
27.8
13.9
0.0
-13.9
-27.9
-42.1
-55.8
-67.5
-75.5
-77.6
-72.1
-58.4
-38.1
-15.2
4.3
12.5
2.3
-29.2
-71.2
-78.1
0.0

-68.2
-81.4
-63.7
-19.1
43.3
113.7
182.8
240.7
277.4
283.0
244.2
170.2
68.9
-6.8
0.0
92.8
53.2
-17.6
-68.2
-81.4
-63.7
-19.1
43.3
113.7
182.8
240.7
277.4
283.0
244.2
170.2
68.9
-6.8
0.0

3730
3751
3987
4246
4382
4317
4041
3592
3032
2262
1662
1055
502
0
-480
-936
-1352
-1689
-1831
-1887
-1692
-1201
-419
585
1672
2653
3333
3553
3241
2435
1284
0
0

-1831
-1887
-1692
-1201
-419
585
1672
2653
3333
3553
3241
2435
1284
0
0
-1224
-2205
-2758
-2792
-2331
-1497
-473
544
1391
1968
2245
2250
2047
1708
1300
866
431
0

3401
1959
1081
340
-437
-1267
-2094
-2843
-3459
-3921
-3963
-4110
-4066
-3954
-3890
-3781
-3609
-3344
-2959
-2368
-1817
-1190
-583
-121
60
-142
-765
-1751
-2952
-4151
-5116
-5670
-5807

-2959
-2368
-1817
-1190
-583
-121
60
-142
-765
-1751
-2952
-4151
-5116
-5670
-5807
-5402
-4634
-3532
-2319
-1225
-432
-40
-56
-402
-955
-1580
-2167
-2647
-2993
-3214
-3337
-3395
-3411

2780
2819
2839
2723
2400
1866
1185
469
-151
-646
-790
-690
-391
0
-240
144
427
534
481
222
-97
-364
-481
-403
-148
204
541
753
767
568
209
-215
0

3.141592654
398 rad/sec

bdacos2alfa)
n(lambdasinAlfa)

S
[N]
-5807
-5539
-5132
-4481
-3630
-2633
-1558
-475
547
1448
2188
2745

T
[N]
0
-1224
-2205
-2758
-2792
-2331
-1497
-473
544
1391
1968
2245

Z
[N]

M
[Nm]
-5807
-5402
-4634
-3532
-2319
-1225
-432
-40
-56
-402
-955
-1580

0.0
-39.4
-70.9
-88.7
-89.8
-75.0
-48.1
-15.2
17.5
44.7
63.3
72.2

3124
3346
3446
3467
3448
3422
3411
3425
3460
3495
3499
3434
3262
2953
2493
1892
1192
473
-138
-439
-95
1477
5150
10991
14585
22733
13180
7918
5323
4213
3904
4001
4268
4561
4798

2250
2047
1708
1300
866
431
0
-431
-869
-1310
-1734
-2100
-2349
-2415
-2243
-1818
-1186
-471
133
389
73
-909
-2213
-2428
0
5023
5664
4873
4095
3730
3751
3987
4246
4382
4317

-2167
-2647
-2993
-3214
-3337
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-3411
-3398
-3349
-3240
-3039
-2716
-2262
-1699
-1088
-526
-122
40
-38
-204
-61
1164
4650
10719
14585
22172
11900
6241
3401
1959
1081
340
-437
-1267
-2094

72.4
65.8
54.9
41.8
27.8
13.9
0.0
-13.9
-27.9
-42.1
-55.8
-67.5
-75.5
-77.6
-72.1
-58.4
-38.1
-15.2
4.3
12.5
2.3
-29.2
-71.2
-78.1
0.0
161.5
182.1
156.7
131.7
119.9
120.6
128.2
136.5
140.9
138.8

4941
4987
4956
4562
4434
4201
3985
3890
3812
3728
3607
3407
2993
2620
2068
1335
436
-588
-1678
-2761
-3765
-4619
-5267
-5666
-5813
-5807

4041
3592
3032
2262
1662
1055
502
0
-480
-936
-1352
-1689
-1831
-1887
-1692
-1201
-419
585
1672
2653
3333
3553
3241
2435
1284
0

-2843
-3459
-3921
-3963
-4110
-4066
-3954
-3890
-3781
-3609
-3344
-2959
-2368
-1817
-1190
-583
-121
60
-142
-765
-1751
-2952
-4151
-5116
-5670
-5807

Z'
[N]
-1198
-1002
-642
-146
360

Rm
[N]
8779.29
8463.78
7919.48
7065.22
5983.43

Rp
[N]
1197.90
1077.79
926.88
738.51
639.67

129.9
115.5
97.5
72.7
53.4
33.9
16.1
0.0
-15.4
-30.1
-43.5
-54.3
-58.9
-60.7
-54.4
-38.6
-13.5
18.8
53.7
85.3
107.2
114.3
104.2
78.3
41.3
0.0

746
915
829
516
62
-416
-810
-1064
-1221
-1466
-2189
-3994
-7057
-8998
-12785
-7625
-4740
-3220
-2338
-1672
-1019
-325
371
986
1442
1711
1858
1951
2637
4358
7336
9238
12977
7755
4792

4801.21
3718.74
3049.86
3077.05
3650.37
4392.96
5075.92
5610.53
5980.44
6205.41
6321.64
6368.97
6381.89
6383.49
6384.80
6380.84
6349.16
6256.36
6064.14
5737.99
5258.83
4638.64
3942.18
3314.18
2970.10
3013.78
3200.48
3034.19
2024.02
2776.91
8118.30
11612.16
20016.94
10171.26
5239.35

754.64
1009.77
1276.81
1485.75
1605.54
1631.19
1581.38
1501.26
1476.05
1678.72
2451.89
4280.06
7200.32
8997.83
13142.79
8147.28
5456.70
4222.75
3744.90
3582.09
3482.85
3328.17
3089.41
2793.16
2491.25
2242.09
2080.79
2106.49
2814.31
4564.73
7436.16
9240.74
13389.59
8355.88
5597.27

3180
2164
1449
765
73
-573
-1077
-1350
-1347
-1085
-505
20
525
858
958
810
513
94
-320
-572
-693
-575
-263
141
507
719
701
448
21
-469
-889
-1138
-1198

3754.14
3885.40
4412.62
4996.10
5552.05
6050.44
6480.44
6835.73
7110.60
7254.64
7131.53
7161.28
7056.96
6926.14
6879.85
6818.72
6718.61
6538.10
6208.15
5664.14
5079.71
4332.68
3579.67
3148.50
3358.05
4091.95
5007.90
5910.97
6753.05
7528.48
8189.77
8642.38
8779.29
5939.35

4224.34
3553.54
3187.67
2828.82
2401.26
1951.75
1600.96
1429.62
1355.62
1262.53
937.55
690.04
654.50
858.12
987.71
823.00
666.88
542.73
577.35
613.30
699.61
680.45
548.53
426.84
528.70
747.10
885.80
876.46
766.88
736.06
913.58
1157.76
1197.90
2659.37

Diagram a Indicata

16000000

14000000

12000000

10000000

p [N/m ^2]
8000000

6000000

4000000

2000000

0
0

0.05

0.1
V [litri]

0.15

0.2

Presiunea in cilindru

16000000

14000000

12000000

10000000

px*10^5 [N/m 2]
8000000

6000000

4000000

2000000

0
0

90

180

270

360
alfa [grd]

450

540

630

720

8000

80

6000

60

4000

40

2000

20
ap
[m/s2]
xp [mm]
vp [m/s]

0
0

90

180

270

0
360

-2000

-20

-4000

-40

-6000

-60

Caracteristica externa

500

50
ge
[g/kWh]
Me [Nm]
Pe [kW]

450

45

Ge [kg/h]

400

40

350

35

300

30

250

25

200

20

150

15

100

10

50

0
1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

0
4500

40000

35000

30000

25000

20000
Fg
[N]
Fj
[N]

15000

10000

5000

0
0
-5000

-10000

90

180

270

360

450

540

630

720

Variatia fortelor N si S
25000

20000

15000

10000

[N]

N
[N]

5000

0
0

90

180

270

360

-5000

-10000

-15000
[gradeRAC]

450

540

630

720

25000
T
[N]

20000

15000

10000

5000

0
0

-5000

-10000

90

180

270

360

450

540

630

720

M [Nm]
300

M [Nm]

200

100

0
0
-100

-200

-300

-400

-500

-600

90

180

270

360

450

540

630

720

Mt [Nm]
350

300

250

200

150

100

50

0
0
-50

-100

90

180

270

360

450

540

630

720

Z [N]

25000

20000

15000

10000

5000

0
-5000

-5000

-10000

5000

10000

Z' [N]

15000

10000

5000

0
-5000

-5000

-10000

-15000

5000

Rm [N]
25000

20000

15000

10000

5000

0
0

90

180

270

360

450

540

630

720

Rp [N]
16000

14000

12000

10000

8000

6000

4000

2000

0
0

90

180

270

360

450

540

630

720