2, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul

Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fo

st debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic j
uridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin p
e hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului

, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
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uuiiiiiiinesistematica: adica cel care descrie prezinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe
masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;iiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
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asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
uuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyus
sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssssss
suuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuu
uuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyu
ssssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuu

iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssss
sssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssss
ssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuu
uuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhy
ussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuu
uiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss
ssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssss
sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuu
uuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdh
yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
uuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssss
sssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssss
ssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuu
uuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasd
hyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuu
uuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussss
ssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssss
sssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat
imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau
mai pu?in noroc de a se face recunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa
prin intermediul trimiterii de trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 reg
ele german Otto I a reu?it sa fie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Rom
an, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?ul lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntu
lui Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Germana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1
806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Imperiu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darm
at n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la Westfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus
, Imperiul Bizantin s-a considerat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abando
nat cultura latina n favoarea vechii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se int
itulau basileus, dupa termenul grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nc
eput sa fie folosit ?i titlul de ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai
trziu de bulgari ?i de conducatorii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinop
olului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.

Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
uuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiia
sdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuu
uuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyuss
ssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuii
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
uuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyus

sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss2, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ra
ngabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat
firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul co
nsidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Rom
an, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al ace
stuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la

Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe

riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
uuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiia
sdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuu
uuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyuss
ssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuii
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
uuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyus
sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssssss
suuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuu
uuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyu
ssssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuu
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssss
sssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssss
ssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuu
uuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhy
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yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
uuiiiiiiinesistematica: adica cel care descrie prezinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe
masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;iiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
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sssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiii
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ssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuu
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ssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssss
sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuu
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yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
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sssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssss
ssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuu
uuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasd
hyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuu
uuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussss
ssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssss
sssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat
imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau
mai pu?in noroc de a se face recunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa
prin intermediul trimiterii de trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 reg
ele german Otto I a reu?it sa fie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Rom
an, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?ul lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntu
lui Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Germana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1
806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Imperiu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darm
at n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la Westfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus
, Imperiul Bizantin s-a considerat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abando
nat cultura latina n favoarea vechii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se int
itulau basileus, dupa termenul grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nc
eput sa fie folosit ?i titlul de ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai
trziu de bulgari ?i de conducatorii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinop
olului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma

n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
uuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiia
sdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuu
uuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyuss
ssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuii
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss

uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
uuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyus
sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss2, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ra
ngabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat
firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul co
nsidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Rom
an, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al ace
stuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.

n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
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ssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssss
sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuu
uuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdh
yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
uuiiiiiiinesistematica: adica cel care descrie prezinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe
masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;iiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
uuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyus
sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss

ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssssss
suuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuu
uuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyu
ssssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuu
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssss
sssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssss
ssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuu
uuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhy
ussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuu
uiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss
ssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssss
sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuu
uuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdh
yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
uuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssss
sssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssss
ssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuu
uuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasd
hyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuu
uuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussss
ssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssss
sssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat
imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau
mai pu?in noroc de a se face recunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa
prin intermediul trimiterii de trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 reg
ele german Otto I a reu?it sa fie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Rom
an, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?ul lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntu
lui Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Germana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1
806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Imperiu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darm
at n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la Westfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus
, Imperiul Bizantin s-a considerat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abando
nat cultura latina n favoarea vechii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se int
itulau basileus, dupa termenul grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nc
eput sa fie folosit ?i titlul de ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai
trziu de bulgari ?i de conducatorii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinop
olului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran

gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
uuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiia
sdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuu
uuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyuss
ssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuii

iiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
uuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyus
sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss2, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ra
ngabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat
firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul co
nsidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Rom
an, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al ace
stuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul

grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
uuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiia
sdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuu
uuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyuss
ssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuii
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
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yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
uuiiiiiiinesistematica: adica cel care descrie prezinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe
masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;iiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
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ssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiii
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ssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii
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sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
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sssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssss
ssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuu
uuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasd
hyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuu
uuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussss
ssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssss
sssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat
imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau
mai pu?in noroc de a se face recunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa
prin intermediul trimiterii de trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 reg
ele german Otto I a reu?it sa fie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Rom
an, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?ul lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntu
lui Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Germana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1
806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Imperiu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darm
at n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la Westfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus
, Imperiul Bizantin s-a considerat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abando
nat cultura latina n favoarea vechii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se int
itulau basileus, dupa termenul grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nc
eput sa fie folosit ?i titlul de ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai
trziu de bulgari ?i de conducatorii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinop
olului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i

a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
uuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiia

sdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuu
uuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyuss
ssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuii
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
uuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyus
sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss2, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ra
ngabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat
firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul co
nsidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Rom
an, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al ace
stuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W

estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside

rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
uuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiia
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iiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
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sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
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sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
uuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyus
sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssssss
suuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuu
uuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyu
ssssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuu
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssss
sssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssss
ssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuu
uuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhy
ussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuu
uiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss
ssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssss
sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuu
uuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdh
yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
uuiiiiiiinesistematica: adica cel care descrie prezinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe
masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;iiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii

iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
uuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyus
sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssssss
suuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuu
uuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyu
ssssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuu
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssss
sssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssss
ssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuu
uuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhy
ussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuu
uiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss
ssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssss
sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuu
uuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdh
yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
uuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssss
sssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssss
ssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuu
uuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasd
hyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuu
uuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussss
ssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssss
sssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat
imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau
mai pu?in noroc de a se face recunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa
prin intermediul trimiterii de trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 reg
ele german Otto I a reu?it sa fie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Rom
an, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?ul lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntu
lui Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Germana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1
806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Imperiu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darm
at n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la Westfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus
, Imperiul Bizantin s-a considerat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abando
nat cultura latina n favoarea vechii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se int
itulau basileus, dupa termenul grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nc
eput sa fie folosit ?i titlul de ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai
trziu de bulgari ?i de conducatorii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinop
olului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr

u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.

n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu

uuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiia
sdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuu
uuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyuss
ssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuii
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
uuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyus
sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss2, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ra
ngabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat
firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul co
nsidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Rom
an, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al ace
stuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u

l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
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yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
uuiiiiiiinesistematica: adica cel care descrie prezinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe
masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);

predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;

poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;iiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
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sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
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sssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssss
ssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuu
uuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasd
hyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuu
uuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussss
ssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssss
sssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat
imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau
mai pu?in noroc de a se face recunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa
prin intermediul trimiterii de trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 reg
ele german Otto I a reu?it sa fie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Rom
an, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?ul lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntu
lui Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Germana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1
806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Imperiu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darm
at n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la Westfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus
, Imperiul Bizantin s-a considerat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abando
nat cultura latina n favoarea vechii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se int
itulau basileus, dupa termenul grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nc
eput sa fie folosit ?i titlul de ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai
trziu de bulgari ?i de conducatorii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinop
olului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un

a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul

grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
uuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiia
sdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuu
uuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyuss
ssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuii
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
uuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyus
sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssDupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roma
n de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a considerat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i
a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea vechii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizanti
ni se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul ori
ental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul de ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, pre
luat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducatorii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Con
stantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom

a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la

Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara2, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunos
cut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, c
hiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua r
ealizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Im
periul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran

cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato

rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.

n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
uuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiia
sdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuu
uuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyuss
ssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuii
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
uuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyus
sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssssss
suuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuu
uuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyu
ssssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuu
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssss
sssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssss
ssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiii
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yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
uuiiiiiiinesistematica: adica cel care descrie prezinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe
masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;

prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a

notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;iiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
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sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
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suuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuu
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ssssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuu
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssss
sssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssss
ssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuu
uuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhy
ussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuu
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ssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssss
sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuu
uuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdh
yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
uuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssss
sssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssss
ssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuu
uuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasd
hyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuu
uuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussss
ssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssss
sssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat
imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau

mai pu?in noroc de a se face recunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa
prin intermediul trimiterii de trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 reg
ele german Otto I a reu?it sa fie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Rom
an, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?ul lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntu
lui Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Germana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1
806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Imperiu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darm
at n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la Westfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus
, Imperiul Bizantin s-a considerat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abando
nat cultura latina n favoarea vechii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se int
itulau basileus, dupa termenul grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nc
eput sa fie folosit ?i titlul de ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai
trziu de bulgari ?i de conducatorii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinop
olului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l

ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
uuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiia
sdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuu
uuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyuss
ssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuii
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
uuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyus
sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss2, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ra
ngabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat
firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul co
nsidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Rom
an, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al ace
stuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe

riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve

chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul

grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
uuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiia
sdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuu
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ssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuii
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
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sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssssss
suuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
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ssssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuu
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sssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssss
ssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiii
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iiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuu
uuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhy
ussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuu
uiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss
ssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssss
sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuu
uuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdh

yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
uuiiiiiiinesistematica: adica cel care descrie prezinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe
masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;iiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
uuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyus
sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssssss
suuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuu
uuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyu
ssssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuu
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssss
sssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssss
ssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuu
uuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhy
ussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuu
uiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss
ssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssss
sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuu
uuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdh
yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
uuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssss
sssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssss
ssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuu
uuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasd
hyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuu
uuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussss
ssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssss

sssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat
imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau
mai pu?in noroc de a se face recunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa
prin intermediul trimiterii de trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 reg
ele german Otto I a reu?it sa fie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Rom
an, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?ul lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntu
lui Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Germana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1
806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Imperiu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darm
at n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la Westfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus
, Imperiul Bizantin s-a considerat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abando
nat cultura latina n favoarea vechii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se int
itulau basileus, dupa termenul grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nc
eput sa fie folosit ?i titlul de ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai
trziu de bulgari ?i de conducatorii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinop
olului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a

nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
uuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiia
sdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuu
uuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyuss
ssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuii
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
uuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyus
sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss2, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ra
ngabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat
firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul co
nsidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Rom
an, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al ace
stuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.

n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im

periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
uuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiia
sdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuu
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yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
uuiiiiiiinesistematica: adica cel care descrie prezinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe
masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;iiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
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ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiii
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ssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiii
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ssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssss
sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuu
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sssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssss
ssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuu
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hyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuu

uuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussss
ssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssss
sssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat
imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau
mai pu?in noroc de a se face recunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa
prin intermediul trimiterii de trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 reg
ele german Otto I a reu?it sa fie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Rom
an, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?ul lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntu
lui Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Germana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1
806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Imperiu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darm
at n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la Westfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus
, Imperiul Bizantin s-a considerat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abando
nat cultura latina n favoarea vechii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se int
itulau basileus, dupa termenul grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nc
eput sa fie folosit ?i titlul de ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai
trziu de bulgari ?i de conducatorii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinop
olului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran

cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
uuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiia
sdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuu
uuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyuss
ssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuii
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
uuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyus
sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss2, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ra
ngabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat
firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul co
nsidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Rom
an, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al ace
stuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d

e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f

ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u

l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
uuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiia
sdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuu
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iiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
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uuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyus
sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiii
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sdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuu
uuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyuss
ssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuii
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
uuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyus
sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssssss
suuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuu
uuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyu
ssssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuu
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssss
sssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssss
ssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuu
uuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhy
ussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuu

uiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss
ssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssss
sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuu
uuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdh
yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
uuiiiiiiinesistematica: adica cel care descrie prezinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe
masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;iiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
uuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyus
sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssssss
suuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuu
uuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyu
ssssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuu
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssss
sssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssss
ssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuu
uuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhy
ussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuu
uiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss
ssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssss
sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuu
uuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdh
yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
uuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssss
sssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssss
ssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiii

iiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuu
uuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasd
hyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuu
uuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussss
ssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssss
sssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat
imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau
mai pu?in noroc de a se face recunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa
prin intermediul trimiterii de trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 reg
ele german Otto I a reu?it sa fie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Rom
an, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?ul lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntu
lui Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Germana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1
806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Imperiu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darm
at n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la Westfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus
, Imperiul Bizantin s-a considerat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abando
nat cultura latina n favoarea vechii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se int
itulau basileus, dupa termenul grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nc
eput sa fie folosit ?i titlul de ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai
trziu de bulgari ?i de conducatorii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinop
olului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe

riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
uuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiia
sdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuu
uuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyuss
ssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuii
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
uuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyus
sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss2, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ra
ngabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat
firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul co
nsidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Rom
an, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al ace
stuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside

rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve

chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun

n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
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yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
uuiiiiiiinesistematica: adica cel care descrie prezinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe
masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;iiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
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uiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss
ssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssss
sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuu
uuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdh
yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
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sssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssss
ssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuu
uuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasd
hyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuu
uuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussss
ssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssss
sssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat
imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau
mai pu?in noroc de a se face recunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa
prin intermediul trimiterii de trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 reg
ele german Otto I a reu?it sa fie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Rom
an, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?ul lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntu
lui Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Germana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1
806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Imperiu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darm
at n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la Westfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus
, Imperiul Bizantin s-a considerat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abando
nat cultura latina n favoarea vechii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se int
itulau basileus, dupa termenul grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nc
eput sa fie folosit ?i titlul de ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai
trziu de bulgari ?i de conducatorii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinop
olului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.

n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
uuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiia
sdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuu
uuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyuss
ssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuii
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
uuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyus
sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss2, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ra
ngabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat
firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul co
nsidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Rom
an, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al ace
stuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge

rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces

tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
uuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiia
sdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuu
uuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyuss
ssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuii
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
uuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyus
sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssssss
suuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuu
uuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyu
ssssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuu
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssss
sssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssss
ssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuu
uuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhy
ussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuu
uiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss
ssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssss
sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuu
uuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdh
yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
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iiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssss
ssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuu
uuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasd
hyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuu
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ssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssss

sssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuu
uuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiias
dhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuu
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sssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiii
iiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssss
ssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
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iiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssss
ssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuu
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ussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuu
uiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss
ssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssss
sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuu
uuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdh
yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
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sssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssss
ssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuu
uuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasd
hyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuu
uuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussss
ssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssss
sssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuu
uuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiias
dhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuu
uuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusss
sssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiii
iiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssss
ssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
uuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiia
sdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuu
uuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyuss
ssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuii
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
uuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyus
sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssssss
suuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuu
uuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyu
ssssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuu
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssss

sssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssss
ssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuu
uuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhy
ussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuu
uiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss
ssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssss
sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuu
uuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdh
yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
uuiiiiiiinesistematica: adica cel care descrie prezinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe
masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;iiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
uuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyus
sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssssss
suuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuu
uuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyu
ssssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuu
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssss
sssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssss
ssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuu
uuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhy
ussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuu
uiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss
ssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssss
sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuu

uuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdh
yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
uuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssss
sssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssss
ssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuu
uuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasd
hyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuu
uuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussss
ssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssss
sssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat
imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau
mai pu?in noroc de a se face recunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa
prin intermediul trimiterii de trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 reg
ele german Otto I a reu?it sa fie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Rom
an, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?ul lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntu
lui Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Germana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1
806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Imperiu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darm
at n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la Westfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus
, Imperiul Bizantin s-a considerat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abando
nat cultura latina n favoarea vechii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se int
itulau basileus, dupa termenul grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nc
eput sa fie folosit ?i titlul de ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai
trziu de bulgari ?i de conducatorii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinop
olului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d

e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
uuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiia
sdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuu
uuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyuss
ssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuii
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
uuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyus
sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss2, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ra
ngabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat
firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul co
nsidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Rom
an, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al ace
stuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de

trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f

irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
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uuiiiiiiinesistematica: adica cel care descrie prezinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe
masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;iiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
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sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuu
uuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdh
yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
uuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssss
sssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssss
ssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuu
uuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasd
hyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuu
uuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussss
ssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssss
sssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat
imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau
mai pu?in noroc de a se face recunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa
prin intermediul trimiterii de trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 reg
ele german Otto I a reu?it sa fie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Rom
an, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?ul lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntu
lui Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Germana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1
806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Imperiu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darm
at n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la Westfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus
, Imperiul Bizantin s-a considerat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abando
nat cultura latina n favoarea vechii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se int
itulau basileus, dupa termenul grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nc
eput sa fie folosit ?i titlul de ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai
trziu de bulgari ?i de conducatorii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinop
olului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside

rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve

chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
uuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiia
sdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuu
uuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyuss
ssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuii
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
uuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyus
sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss2, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ra
ngabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat
firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul co
nsidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Rom
an, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al ace
stuia, in Orient.

Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost

apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l

ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
uuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiia
sdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuu
uuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyuss
ssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuii
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
uuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyus
sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssssss
suuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuu
uuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyu
ssssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuu
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssss
sssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssss
ssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuu
uuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhy
ussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuu
uiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss
ssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssss
sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuu
uuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdh
yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
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sssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiii
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ssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiii

iiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuu
uuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasd
hyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuu
uuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussss
ssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssss
sssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuu
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dhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuu
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ssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiii
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hyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuu
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sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
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ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiii

iiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssssss
suuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuu
uuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyu
ssssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuu
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssss
sssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssss
ssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuu
uuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhy
ussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuu
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ssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssss
sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
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yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
uuiiiiiiinesistematica: adica cel care descrie prezinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe
masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;iiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
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sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssssss
suuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuu
uuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyu
ssssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuu
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssss
sssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssss
ssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuu
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ussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuu
uiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss
ssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssss
sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuu
uuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdh
yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
uuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssss
sssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssss
ssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuu
uuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasd
hyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuu
uuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussss
ssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssss
sssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat
imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau
mai pu?in noroc de a se face recunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa
prin intermediul trimiterii de trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 reg
ele german Otto I a reu?it sa fie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Rom
an, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?ul lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntu
lui Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Germana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1
806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Imperiu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darm
at n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la Westfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus
, Imperiul Bizantin s-a considerat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abando
nat cultura latina n favoarea vechii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se int
itulau basileus, dupa termenul grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nc
eput sa fie folosit ?i titlul de ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai
trziu de bulgari ?i de conducatorii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinop
olului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge

rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
uuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiia
sdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuu
uuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyuss
ssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuii
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
uuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyus
sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;iiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss

uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
uuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyus
sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssssss
suuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuu
uuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyu
ssssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuu
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssss
sssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssss
ssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuu
uuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhy
ussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuu
uiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss
ssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssss
sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuu
uuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdh
yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
uuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssss
sssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssss
ssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuu
uuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasd
hyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuu
uuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussss
ssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssss
sssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat
imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau
mai pu?in noroc de a se face recunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa
prin intermediul trimiterii de trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 reg
ele german Otto I a reu?it sa fie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Rom
an, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?ul lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntu
lui Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Germana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1
806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Imperiu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darm
at n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la Westfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus
, Imperiul Bizantin s-a considerat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abando
nat cultura latina n favoarea vechii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se int
itulau basileus, dupa termenul grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nc
eput sa fie folosit ?i titlul de ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai
trziu de bulgari ?i de conducatorii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinop
olului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui

Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.

n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu

uuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiia
sdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuu
uuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyuss
ssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuii
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
uuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyus
sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss2, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ra
ngabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat
firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul co
nsidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Rom
an, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al ace
stuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge

rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
uuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiia
sdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuu
uuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyuss
ssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuii
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
uuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyus
sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssssss
suuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuu

uuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyu
ssssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuu
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssss
sssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiii
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sssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiii
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ssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuu
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hyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuu
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ssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiii
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yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
uuiiiiiiinesistematica: adica cel care descrie prezinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe
masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;

poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;iiiiiiasdhyusssssssss

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sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
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sssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiii
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ssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssss
sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuu
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sssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssss
ssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuu
uuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasd
hyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuu
uuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussss
ssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssss
sssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat
imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau
mai pu?in noroc de a se face recunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa
prin intermediul trimiterii de trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 reg
ele german Otto I a reu?it sa fie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Rom
an, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?ul lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntu
lui Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Germana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1
806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Imperiu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darm
at n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la Westfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus
, Imperiul Bizantin s-a considerat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abando
nat cultura latina n favoarea vechii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se int
itulau basileus, dupa termenul grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nc
eput sa fie folosit ?i titlul de ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai
trziu de bulgari ?i de conducatorii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinop
olului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului

, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d

e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
uuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiia
sdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuu
uuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyuss
ssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuii
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
uuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyus
sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss2, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ra
ngabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat
firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul co
nsidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Rom
an, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al ace
stuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de

trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
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sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
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sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
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ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiii

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ussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuu
uiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss
ssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssss
sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuu
uuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdh
yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
uuiiiiiiinesistematica: adica cel care descrie prezinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe
masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;

descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l

ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;iiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
uuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyus
sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssssss
suuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuu
uuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyu
ssssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuu
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssss
sssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssss
ssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuu
uuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhy
ussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuu
uiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss
ssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssss
sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuu
uuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdh
yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
uuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssss
sssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssss
ssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuu
uuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasd
hyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuu
uuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussss
ssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssss
sssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat
imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau
mai pu?in noroc de a se face recunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa
prin intermediul trimiterii de trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 reg
ele german Otto I a reu?it sa fie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Rom
an, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?ul lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntu
lui Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Germana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1
806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Imperiu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darm
at n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la Westfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus
, Imperiul Bizantin s-a considerat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abando
nat cultura latina n favoarea vechii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se int
itulau basileus, dupa termenul grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nc
eput sa fie folosit ?i titlul de ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai
trziu de bulgari ?i de conducatorii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinop
olului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la

Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe

riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside

rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve

chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
uuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiia
sdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuu
uuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyuss
ssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuii
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
uuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyus
sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss2, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ra
ngabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat
firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul co
nsidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Rom
an, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al ace
stuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.

Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
uuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiia
sdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuu
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yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
uuiiiiiiinesistematica: adica cel care descrie prezinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe
masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a

notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;iiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
uuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyus
sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssssss
suuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuu
uuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyu
ssssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuu
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssss
sssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssss
ssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuu
uuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhy
ussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuu
uiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss
ssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssss
sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuu
uuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdh
yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
uuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssss
sssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssss
ssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuu
uuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasd
hyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuu
uuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussss
ssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssss
sssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat
imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau
mai pu?in noroc de a se face recunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa
prin intermediul trimiterii de trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 reg
ele german Otto I a reu?it sa fie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Rom
an, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?ul lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntu
lui Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Germana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1
806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Imperiu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darm
at n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la Westfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus
, Imperiul Bizantin s-a considerat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abando
nat cultura latina n favoarea vechii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se int
itulau basileus, dupa termenul grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nc
eput sa fie folosit ?i titlul de ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai
trziu de bulgari ?i de conducatorii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinop
olului.

n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge

rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
uuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiia
sdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuu
uuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyuss
ssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuii
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
uuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyus
sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss2, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ra
ngabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat
firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul co
nsidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Rom
an, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al ace
stuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma

n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
uuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiia
sdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuu
uuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyuss
ssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuii
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss

uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
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sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssssss
suuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuu
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ssssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuu
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sssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiii
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sdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuu
uuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyuss
ssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuii
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
uuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyus
sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssssss
suuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuu
uuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyu
ssssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuu
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssss
sssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssss
ssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuu
uuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhy
ussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuu
uiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss
ssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssss
sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuu
uuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdh
yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
uuiiiiiiinesistematica: adica cel care descrie prezinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe
masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.

apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;iiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
uuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyus
sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssssss
suuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuu
uuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyu
ssssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuu
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssss
sssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssss
ssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuu
uuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhy
ussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuu
uiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss
ssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssss
sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuu
uuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdh
yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
uuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssss
sssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssss
ssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuu
uuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasd
hyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuu
uuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussss
ssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssss
sssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat
imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau
mai pu?in noroc de a se face recunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa
prin intermediul trimiterii de trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 reg
ele german Otto I a reu?it sa fie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Rom
an, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?ul lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntu
lui Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Germana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1
806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Imperiu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darm
at n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la Westfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus
, Imperiul Bizantin s-a considerat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abando
nat cultura latina n favoarea vechii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se int
itulau basileus, dupa termenul grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nc

eput sa fie folosit ?i titlul de ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai
trziu de bulgari ?i de conducatorii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinop
olului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de

trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
uuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiia
sdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuu
uuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyuss
ssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuii
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
uuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyus
sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss2, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ra
ngabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat
firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul co
nsidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Rom
an, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al ace
stuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran

gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
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uuiiiiiiinesistematica: adica cel care descrie prezinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe
masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;

poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;

verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;iiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
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sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
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sssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssss
ssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuu
uuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasd
hyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuu
uuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussss
ssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssss
sssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat
imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau
mai pu?in noroc de a se face recunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa
prin intermediul trimiterii de trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 reg
ele german Otto I a reu?it sa fie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Rom
an, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?ul lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntu
lui Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Germana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1
806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Imperiu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darm
at n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la Westfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus

, Imperiul Bizantin s-a considerat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abando

nat cultura latina n favoarea vechii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se int
itulau basileus, dupa termenul grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nc
eput sa fie folosit ?i titlul de ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai
trziu de bulgari ?i de conducatorii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinop
olului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.

Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
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uuiiiiiiinesistematica: adica cel care descrie prezinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe
masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;iiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
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uuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussss
ssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssss
sssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat
imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau
mai pu?in noroc de a se face recunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa
prin intermediul trimiterii de trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 reg
ele german Otto I a reu?it sa fie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Rom
an, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?ul lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntu
lui Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Germana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1
806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Imperiu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darm
at n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la Westfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus
, Imperiul Bizantin s-a considerat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abando
nat cultura latina n favoarea vechii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se int
itulau basileus, dupa termenul grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nc
eput sa fie folosit ?i titlul de ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai
trziu de bulgari ?i de conducatorii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinop
olului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.

n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
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ussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuu
uiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss
ssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssss
sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuu
uuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdh
yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
uuiiiiiiinesistematica: adica cel care descrie prezinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe
masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;iiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
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uuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyus
sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss

ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssssss
suuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuu
uuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyu
ssssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuu
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssss
sssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssss
ssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuu
uuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhy
ussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuu
uiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss
ssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssss
sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuu
uuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdh
yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
uuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssss
sssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssss
ssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuu
uuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasd
hyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuu
uuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussss
ssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssss
sssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat
imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau
mai pu?in noroc de a se face recunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa
prin intermediul trimiterii de trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 reg
ele german Otto I a reu?it sa fie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Rom
an, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?ul lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntu
lui Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Germana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1
806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Imperiu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darm
at n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la Westfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus
, Imperiul Bizantin s-a considerat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abando
nat cultura latina n favoarea vechii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se int
itulau basileus, dupa termenul grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nc
eput sa fie folosit ?i titlul de ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai
trziu de bulgari ?i de conducatorii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinop
olului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran

gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
uuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiia
sdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuu
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ssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiii
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iiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuu
uuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiias
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sssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiii
iiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssss
ssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiii
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iiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
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asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
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iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiii
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suuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuu
uuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyu
ssssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuu
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssss
sssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssss
ssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuu
uuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhy
ussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuu
uiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss
ssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssss
sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuu
uuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdh
yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
uuiiiiiiinesistematica: adica cel care descrie prezinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe
masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;

poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;

verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;iiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
uuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyus
sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssssss
suuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuu
uuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyu
ssssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuu
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssss
sssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssss
ssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuu
uuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhy
ussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuu
uiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss
ssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssss
sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuu
uuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdh
yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
uuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssss
sssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssss
ssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuu
uuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasd
hyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuu
uuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussss
ssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssss
sssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat
imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau
mai pu?in noroc de a se face recunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa
prin intermediul trimiterii de trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 reg
ele german Otto I a reu?it sa fie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Rom
an, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?ul lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntu
lui Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Germana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1
806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Imperiu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darm
at n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la Westfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus

, Imperiul Bizantin s-a considerat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abando

nat cultura latina n favoarea vechii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se int
itulau basileus, dupa termenul grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nc
eput sa fie folosit ?i titlul de ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai
trziu de bulgari ?i de conducatorii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinop
olului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.

Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
uuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiia
sdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuu
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ssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuii
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
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asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
uuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyus
sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssssss
suuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuu
uuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyu
ssssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuu
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssss
sssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssss
ssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuu
uuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhy
ussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuu
uiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss
ssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssss
sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuu
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yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
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sssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssss
ssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuu
uuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasd
hyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuu
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ssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiii
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ssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii
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sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
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yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
uuiiiiiiinesistematica: adica cel care descrie prezinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe
masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;iiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
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iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
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ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiii
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suuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
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ssssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuu
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sssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssss
ssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuu
uuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhy
ussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuu
uiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss
ssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssss
sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuu
uuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdh
yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu

uuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssss
sssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssss
ssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuu
uuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasd
hyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuu
uuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussss
ssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssss
sssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat
imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau
mai pu?in noroc de a se face recunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa
prin intermediul trimiterii de trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 reg
ele german Otto I a reu?it sa fie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Rom
an, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?ul lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntu
lui Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Germana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1
806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Imperiu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darm
at n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la Westfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus
, Imperiul Bizantin s-a considerat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abando
nat cultura latina n favoarea vechii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se int
itulau basileus, dupa termenul grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nc
eput sa fie folosit ?i titlul de ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai
trziu de bulgari ?i de conducatorii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinop
olului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.

n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
uuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiia
sdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuu
uuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyuss
ssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuii
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
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yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
uuiiiiiiinesistematica: adica cel care descrie prezinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe
masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;iiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
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sssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiii
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ssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiii
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ssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssss
sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
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sssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssss
ssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuu
uuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasd
hyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuu
uuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussss
ssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssss
sssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat
imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau
mai pu?in noroc de a se face recunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa
prin intermediul trimiterii de trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 reg
ele german Otto I a reu?it sa fie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Rom
an, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?ul lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntu
lui Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Germana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1
806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Imperiu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darm
at n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la Westfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus
, Imperiul Bizantin s-a considerat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abando
nat cultura latina n favoarea vechii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se int
itulau basileus, dupa termenul grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nc
eput sa fie folosit ?i titlul de ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai
trziu de bulgari ?i de conducatorii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinop
olului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran

gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
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uuiiiiiiinesistematica: adica cel care descrie prezinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe
masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;

poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;

verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;iiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
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sssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssss
ssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuu
uuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasd
hyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuu
uuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussss
ssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssss
sssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat
imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau
mai pu?in noroc de a se face recunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa
prin intermediul trimiterii de trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 reg
ele german Otto I a reu?it sa fie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Rom
an, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?ul lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntu
lui Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Germana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1
806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Imperiu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darm
at n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la Westfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus

, Imperiul Bizantin s-a considerat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abando

nat cultura latina n favoarea vechii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se int
itulau basileus, dupa termenul grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nc
eput sa fie folosit ?i titlul de ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai
trziu de bulgari ?i de conducatorii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinop
olului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.

Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
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uuiiiiiiinesistematica: adica cel care descrie prezinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe
masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;iiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
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hyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuu
uuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussss
ssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssss
sssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat
imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau
mai pu?in noroc de a se face recunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa
prin intermediul trimiterii de trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 reg
ele german Otto I a reu?it sa fie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Rom
an, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?ul lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntu
lui Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Germana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1
806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Imperiu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darm
at n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la Westfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus
, Imperiul Bizantin s-a considerat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abando
nat cultura latina n favoarea vechii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se int
itulau basileus, dupa termenul grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nc
eput sa fie folosit ?i titlul de ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai
trziu de bulgari ?i de conducatorii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinop
olului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.

n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
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ssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuu
uuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhy
ussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuu
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ssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssss
sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuu
uuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdh
yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
uuiiiiiiinesistematica: adica cel care descrie prezinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe
masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;iiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
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sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss

ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiii
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suuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
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ssssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuu
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssss
sssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssss
ssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuu
uuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhy
ussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuu
uiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss
ssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssss
sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuu
uuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdh
yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
uuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssss
sssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssss
ssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuu
uuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasd
hyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuu
uuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussss
ssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssss
sssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat
imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau
mai pu?in noroc de a se face recunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa
prin intermediul trimiterii de trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 reg
ele german Otto I a reu?it sa fie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Rom
an, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?ul lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntu
lui Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Germana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1
806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Imperiu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darm
at n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la Westfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus
, Imperiul Bizantin s-a considerat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abando
nat cultura latina n favoarea vechii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se int
itulau basileus, dupa termenul grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nc
eput sa fie folosit ?i titlul de ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai
trziu de bulgari ?i de conducatorii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinop
olului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran

gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
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sssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiii
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ssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiii
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sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
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iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
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suuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuu
uuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyu
ssssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuu
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssss
sssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssss
ssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuu
uuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhy
ussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuu
uiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss
ssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssss
sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuu
uuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdh
yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
uuiiiiiiinesistematica: adica cel care descrie prezinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe
masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;

poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;

verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;iiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
uuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
uuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyus
sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssssss
suuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuu
uuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyu
ssssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuu
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssss
sssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssss
ssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuu
uuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhy
ussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuu
uiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss
ssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssss
sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuu
uuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdh
yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
uuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssss
sssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssss
ssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuu
uuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasd
hyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuu
uuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussss
ssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssss
sssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat
imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau
mai pu?in noroc de a se face recunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa
prin intermediul trimiterii de trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 reg
ele german Otto I a reu?it sa fie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Rom
an, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?ul lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntu
lui Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Germana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1
806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Imperiu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darm
at n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la Westfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus

, Imperiul Bizantin s-a considerat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abando

nat cultura latina n favoarea vechii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se int
itulau basileus, dupa termenul grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nc
eput sa fie folosit ?i titlul de ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai
trziu de bulgari ?i de conducatorii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinop
olului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.

Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
uuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiia
sdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuu
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ssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuii
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
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asdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuu
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sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssss
ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssssss
suuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuu
uuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyu
ssssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuu
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssss
sssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssss
ssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuu
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ussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuu
uiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss
ssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssss
sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuu
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yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
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sssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiii
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ssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuu
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sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
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yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
uuiiiiiiinesistematica: adica cel care descrie prezinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe
masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;iiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssss
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sssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuui
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ssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiii
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suuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuu
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ssssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuu
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssss
sssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssss
ssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuu
uuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhy
ussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuu
uiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss
ssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssss
sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuu
uuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdh
yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu

uuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssss
sssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssss
ssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuu
uuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasd
hyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuu
uuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussss
ssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssss
sssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat
imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau
mai pu?in noroc de a se face recunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa
prin intermediul trimiterii de trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 reg
ele german Otto I a reu?it sa fie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Rom
an, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?ul lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntu
lui Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Germana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1
806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Imperiu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darm
at n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la Westfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus
, Imperiul Bizantin s-a considerat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abando
nat cultura latina n favoarea vechii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se int
itulau basileus, dupa termenul grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nc
eput sa fie folosit ?i titlul de ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai
trziu de bulgari ?i de conducatorii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinop
olului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.

n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
uuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiia
sdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuu
uuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyuss
ssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuii
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
sssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiii
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yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
uuiiiiiiinesistematica: adica cel care descrie prezinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe
masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;iiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
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sssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiii
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ssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiii
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sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
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sssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiii
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ssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuu
uuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasd
hyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuu
uuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussss
ssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssss
sssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat
imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau
mai pu?in noroc de a se face recunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa
prin intermediul trimiterii de trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 reg
ele german Otto I a reu?it sa fie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Rom
an, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?ul lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntu
lui Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Germana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1
806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Imperiu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darm
at n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la Westfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus
, Imperiul Bizantin s-a considerat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abando
nat cultura latina n favoarea vechii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se int
itulau basileus, dupa termenul grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nc
eput sa fie folosit ?i titlul de ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai
trziu de bulgari ?i de conducatorii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinop
olului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran

gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, daiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
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uuiiiiiiinesistematica: adica cel care descrie prezinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe
masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;

poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;

verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;iiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
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uuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiinesistematica: adica cel care descrie prezinta ceea ce vede ?i
aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;iiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
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prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
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sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
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prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
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ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
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notimp etc.;
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predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
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sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
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prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
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uuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiinesistematica: adica cel care descrie prezinta ceea ce vede ?i

aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;

prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;iiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
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aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
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atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
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aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
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aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;

verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;

sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;iiiiiiasdhyusssssssss
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uuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdh
yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
uuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssss
sssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssss
ssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuu
uuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiinesistematica: adica cel care descrie prezinta ceea ce vede ?i
aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;r Biserica Catolica d
e la Roma se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Pap
ii de la Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?
iei imperiale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa
?a de una singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bi
zan?ului, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin poli
tic francilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompen
sa pentru ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. F
iul lui Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu
Roman n anul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru in
terven?ia sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul
a fost apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan
?ului, lucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Miha
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ssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiines
istematica: adica cel care descrie prezinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce pe
rcepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre

zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;

prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, uniiiiasdhyusss
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uuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiinesistematica: ad
ica cel care descrie prezinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitat
ea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;

atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;

prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, uniiiiasdhyusss
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ica cel care descrie prezinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitat
ea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l

ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);

predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, uniiiiasdhyusss
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uuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiinesistematica: ad
ica cel care descrie prezinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitat
ea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;

verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;

sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, uniiiiasdhyusss
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iiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssssss
suuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuu
uuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyu
ssssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuu
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssss
sssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssss
ssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuu
uuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhy
ussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuu
uiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssss
ssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssssss
sssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuu
uuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdh

yussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuu
uuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssss
sssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssss
ssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuu
uuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasd
hyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuu
uuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussss
ssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiii
iiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusssssssssss
sssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiii
iiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuu
uuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiias
dhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuu
uuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyusss
sssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiii
iiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssss
ssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiii
iiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssu
uuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiia
sdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuu
uuuuuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiasdhyussssssssssssssssuuuuuuuuuuuuuiiiiiiinesistematica: ad
ica cel care descrie prezinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitat
ea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre

zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;

prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, un peisaj, un a
notimp etc.;
atmosfera generala poate fi de lini?te, freamat, veselie etc.;
prezen?a unui cmp lexical dominant;
descrierea poate fi statica [se folosesc verbe ce denumesc existen?e, deveniri l
ente] sau dinamica (se folosesc verbe de mi?care);
predomina grupul nominal substantiv+adjectiv;
poate aparea mpletita cu nara?iunea, dialogul sau monologul;
verbele la imperfect sunt specifice descrierii;
sentimentele autorului sunt transmise n mod direct.
apartine genului liric sau genului epicnesistematica: adica cel care descrie pre
zinta ceea ce vede ?i aude pe masura ce percepe realitatea descrisa;
prezentarea cadrului temporal ?i spa?ial: ex. un decor interior, unl I Rangabe l
-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n
Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera
ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in
timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia,
in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizaprezinta trasatur

ile caracteristice ale unui col? din natura, ale unui peisaj, fenomen al naturii
, portretul unui personaj etc. De asemenea, descrierea este ?i o opera literara,
n proza sau n versuri, organizata pe baza descrierii literare. Ea poate fi:
de tip tablou (descrierea unei furtuni, unui lac, unui anotimp etc.);
de tip portret (enumerarea trasaturilor fizice ?i morale ale unei persoane).
Descrierea se deosebe?te de alte moduri de expunere prin urmatoarele caracterist
ici:
frecven?a substantivelor, a adjectivelor (adverbelor), cu accent pe verbele stat
ice la modul indicativ, timpul prezent sau imperfect;
prezen?a imaginilor artistice ?i a figurilor de stil;de tip tablou (descrierea u
nei furtuni, unui lac, unui anotimp etc.);prezinta trasaturile caracteristice al
e unui col? din natura, ale unui peisaj, fenomen al naturii, portretul unui pers
onaj etc. De asemenea, descrierea este ?i o opera literara, n proza sau n versuri,
organizata pe baza descrierii literare. Ea poate fi:
de tip tablou (descrierea unei furtuni, unui lac, unui anotimp etc.);
de tip portret (enumerarea trasaturilor fizice ?i morale ale unei persoane).
Descrierea se deosebe?te de alte moduri de expunere prin urmatoarele caracterist
ici:
frecven?a substantivelor, a adjectivelor (adverbelor), cu accent pe verbele stat
ice la modul indicativ, timpul prezent sau imperfect;
prezen?a imaginilor artistice ?i a figurilor de stil;de tip tablou (descrierea u
nei furtuni, unui lac, unui anotimp etc.);prezinta trasaturile caracteristice al
e unui col? din natura, ale unui peisaj, fenomen al naturii, portretul unui pers
onaj etc. De asemenea, descrierea este ?i o opera literara, n proza sau n versuri,
organizata pe baza descrierii literare. Ea poate fi:
de tip tablou (descrierea unei furtuni, unui lac, unui anotimp etc.);
de tip portret (enumerarea trasaturilor fizice ?i morale ale unei persoane).
Descrierea se deosebe?te de alte moduri de expunere prin urmatoarele caracterist
ici:
frecven?a substantivelor, a adjectivelor (adverbelor), cu accent pe verbele stat
ice la modul indicativ, timpul prezent sau imperfect;
prezen?a imaginilor artistice ?i a figurilor de stil;de tip tablou (descrierea u
nei furtuni, unui lac, unui anotimp etc.);prezinta trasaturile caracteristice al
e unui col? din natura, ale unui peisaj, fenomen al naturii, portretul unui pers
onaj etc. De asemenea, descrierea este ?i o opera literara, n proza sau n versuri,
organizata pe baza descrierii literare. Ea poate fi:
de tip tablou (descrierea unei furtuni, unui lac, unui anotimp etc.);
de tip portret (enumerarea trasaturilor fizice ?i morale ale unei persoane).
Descrierea se deosebe?te de alte moduri de expunere prin urmatoarele caracterist
ici:
frecven?a substantivelor, a adjectivelor (adverbelor), cu accent pe verbele stat
ice la modul indicativ, timpul prezent sau imperfect;
prezen?a imaginilor artistice ?i a figurilor de stil;de tip tablou (descrierea u
nei furtuni, unui lac, unui anotimp etc.);ntin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut p
e Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar
daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realiz
are germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiu
l Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de

trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside

rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve

chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun

n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im

periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.

anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului

, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d

e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe

riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve

chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul

grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r

ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de

trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W

estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside

rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.

Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge

rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol c
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel

putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.

Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a

nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom

a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la

Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr

u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.

n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge

rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d

e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f

ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u

l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve

chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul

grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol c
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r

ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de

trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran

gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului

, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost

apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l

ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe

riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve

chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul

grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom

a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la

Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W

estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside

rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.

n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol c
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge

rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces

tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a

nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con

sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr

u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.

anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului

, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d

e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe

riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol c
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve

chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul

grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r

ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de

trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran

gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.

Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost

apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l

ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel

putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.

Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a

nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom

a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la

Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr

u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol c
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.

n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge

rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces

tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f

ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u

l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con

sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r

ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de

trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran

gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului

, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost

apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l

ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol c
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe

riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve

chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul

grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r

ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de

trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W

estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside

rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.

Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge

rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces

tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a

nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol c
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun

n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr

u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.

n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge

rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d

e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f

ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u

l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve

chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul

grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r

ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de

trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran

gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol c
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u

l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost

apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l

ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe

riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve

chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul

grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom

a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la

Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W

estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside

rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.

n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge

rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces

tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol c
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside

rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve

chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con

sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr

u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.

anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului

, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d

e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe

riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve

chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul

grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r

ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de

trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol c
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato

rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.

n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.

Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost

apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l

ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel

putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.

Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a

nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom

a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la

Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr

u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.

n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge

rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol c
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la

Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe

riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f

ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u

l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con

sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r

ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de

trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran

gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului

, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost

apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l

ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe

riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve

chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul

grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol c
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran

cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W

estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside

rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.

Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge

rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces

tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a

nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con

sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr

u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.

anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului

, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d

e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe

riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve

chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul

grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r

ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de

trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W

estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside

rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.

Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge

rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces

tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a

nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con

sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr

u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.

anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului

, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d

e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe

riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve

chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul

grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r

ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de

trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W

estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside

rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.

Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge

rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces

tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a

nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con

sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr

u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.

anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului

, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d

e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe

riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve

chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul

grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r

ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de

trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W

estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside

rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.

Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge

rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces

tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a

nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con

sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr

u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.

anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului

, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d

e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe

riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve

chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul

grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r

ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de

trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W

estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside

rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.

Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge

rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces

tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a

nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con

sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr

u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.

anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului

, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d

e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe

riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve

chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul

grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r

ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de

trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Rangabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca m
paratul Occidentului printr-un tratat firmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta accepta
re a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul considera ca noua realizare germana nu avea
nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roman, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel
putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al acestuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W

estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside

rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.

Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul

grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de

trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f

irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran

cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato

rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.

n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u

l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma

n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui

Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.

n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im

periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.

Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i

a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la

Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe

riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside

rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve

chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun

n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l

ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un

a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul

grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de

trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f

irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran

cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato

rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.

n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u

l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma

n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui
Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.Dupa dispari?ia Imperiului Roman de Apus, Imperiul Bizantin s-a conside
rat continuatorul tradi?iei romane, de?i a abandonat cultura latina n favoarea ve
chii culturi elenistice. mpara?ii bizantini se intitulau basileus, dupa termenul
grecesc pentru rege. Totu?i, n mediul oriental a nceput sa fie folosit ?i titlul d
e ?ar, derivat din latinescul Cezar, preluat mai trziu de bulgari ?i de conducato
rii Imperiului Rus, odata cu caderea Constantinopolului.
n occident nu au mai existat mpara?i din anul 476, dar Biserica Catolica de la Rom
a se considera continuatoarea imperiului pe plan spiritual. La nceput Papii de la
Roma i-au recunoscut pe mpara?ii bizantini ca fiind continuatorii tradi?iei impe
riale romane, nsa mai trziu datorita faptului ca Roma a trebuit sa faca fa?a de un
a singura invazilor migratoare, fara a primi vreun sprijin din partea Bizan?ului
, Papa de la Roma ?i-a reconsiderat pozi?ia, ncepnd sa acorde sprijin politic fran
cilor. Astfel Papa l-a chemat n ajutor pe Pepin cel Scurt. Drept recompensa pentr
u ajutorul dat, acesta a fost ncoronat de catre Papa rege al francilor. Fiul lui

Pepin cel Scurt, Carol cel Mare a fost ncoronat mparat al Sfntului Imperiu Roman n a
nul 800 la Roma, de Papa Leon al III-lea, oficial ca mul?umire pentru interven?i
a sa n timpul unei revolte petrecute la Roma. Dar este posibil ca motivul a fost
apropierea dintre Carol cel Mare si Irene, la maturitate mparateasa Bizan?ului, l
ucru care era contra intereselor Papei. n anul 812, mparatul bizantin Mihail I Ran
gabe l-a recunoscut pe Carol cel Mare ca mparatul Occidentului printr-un tratat f
irmat n Aachen, chiar daca aceasta acceptare a fost debila, deoarece Bizan?ul con
sidera ca noua realizare germana nu avea nimic juridic in comun cu Imperiul Roma
n, in timp ce Imperiul Bizantin era (cel putin pe hrtie) succesorul legal al aces
tuia, in Orient.
Dupa ce nepo?ii lui Carol cel Mare au repartizat imperiul n Tratatul de la Verdun
n 843, au fost diferite tentative cu mai mult sau mai pu?in noroc de a se face r
ecunoscu?i ca mpara?i, ncercnd sa-l for?eze pe Papa prin intermediul trimiterii de
trupe militare n Italia. La sfr?itul anului 962 regele german Otto I a reu?it sa f
ie ncoronat legitim ca mparatul Sfntului Imperiu Roman, ceea ce l proclama ca urma?u
l lui Carol cel Mare, punndu-se astfel bazele Sfntului Imperiu Roman De Na?iune Ge
rmana. Succesorii sai conservau titlul pna n anul 1806, chiar daca propriul Sfnt Im
periu Roman de Na?iune Germana a fost practic darmat n 1648, dupa Tratatul de la W
estfalia.