Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Concepte de baz
Mihaela Elena Breabn
FII 2015-2016
Baz de date
Hardware
Software
Date
Utilizatori
SGBD
Funcii
Ofer
Securitate
Acces controlat la baza de date
Stocarea, regsirea, actualizarea datelor
Integritate
Suport pentru tranzacii
Control concurent
Recuperare a datelor
Catalog (dicionarul de date)
SGBD
Hardware
SGBD
Software
Interaciunea dintre utilizatori si sistem se realizeaz prin
limbaje de interogare:
abordare neprocedural
SGBD
Utilizatori
Administratorul bazei de date
Proiectantul bazei de date
Programatorii de aplicaii
Utilizatorii finali
SGBD
Arhitectura
Funcional:
Managerul de memorie
Procesorul de interogri
Managerul de tranzacii (ACID)
La nivel de aplicaie
Client-server
SGBD
Istoric
Modelele ierarhic (IBMs IMS, sf. 60)
Modelul reea (CODASYL 1971)
Modelul relaional (Codd, 70)
Modelul obiect-relaional (90)
10
Ex. preluat din Thomas Connolly, Caroline Begg: Database Systems. A practical approach to
design, implementation and management. Ed. Addison Wesley
Modelul reea
(Charles Bachman - CODASYL 1971)
11
Ex. preluat din Thomas Connolly, Caroline Begg: Database Systems. A practical approach to
design, implementation and management. Ed. Addison Wesley
Modelul relaional
(Edgar Frank Codd 70)
12
Ex. preluat din Thomas Connolly, Caroline Begg: Database Systems. A practical approach to
design, implementation and management. Ed. Addison Wesley
Modelul relaional
Componente:
13
Relaie = Tabel
14
15
Chei
Constrngeri de integritate
Alte constrngeri
17
View-uri
18
Arhitectura pe 3 nivele
ANSI-SPARC
View_1
View_2
View_3
Conceptual level
Internal level
physical storage
19
View_n
Finance Department
ID
Name
Age
Switchboard
FirstName LastName Job_title Number
Salary
FirstName = FName
LastName = SName
Job_title = J_Title
Number = Tel_no
ID = Id
Name : Fname X Sname String
Age : DoB Int
Salary : Empl_date X Scale Int
20
Id
Fname
Sname
(Num)
(Text)
(Text)
DOB
J_title
Empl_date
Scale
(Date)
(Text)
(Date)
(Num)
Tel_no
(Text)
Ex. preluat din Thomas Connolly, Caroline Begg: Database Systems. A practical approach to
design, implementation and management. Ed. Addison Wesley
Id
Fname
Sname
(Num)
(Text)
(Text)
DOB
J_title
Empl_date
Scale
(Date)
(Text)
(Date)
(Num)
Tel_no
(Text)
21
struct STAFF {
int
ID;
char
Fname[20];
//
char
Tel_no[15];
};
struct INDEXS {
int
ID;
int
Index ;
} Index_Employees [n];
Ex. preluat din Thomas Connolly, Caroline Begg: Database Systems. A practical approach to
design, implementation and management. Ed. Addison Wesley
Arhitectura pe 3 nivele
Scheme
22
SGBD avantaje
Consistena datelor
Partajarea datelor
Securitate
Acces mbuntit
Concuren crescut
Servicii de backup i recuperare
23
Bibliografie
24
E. F. Codd: A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks. CACM
13(6): 377-387 (1970)
E. F. Codd(1985). "Is Your DBMS Really Relational?" and "Does Your
DBMS Run By the Rules?" ComputerWorld, October 14 and October 21.
E. F. Codd. 1990. The Relational Model for Database Management:Version 2.
Addison-Wesley Longman Publishing Co., Inc., Boston, MA, USA.