Calculul termic al motorului cu aprindere prin comprimare

Puterea nominala
Turatia nominal
Numarul de cilindri

Pn=
nn=
i=

30 kW
3800 rot/min
3

Parametrii initiali
T0=
293
p0=
1.02 10^5
ps=
1.6 10^5
ns=
1.7
Ts=
352.67589552
Ts=To(ps/ps)^((ns-1)/ns)
deltaTi=
40
Tac=
312.67589552
Tac=Ts-deltaTi
Tr=
850
pr=
1.1 10^5
lambda=
1.75
epsilon=
17

K
N/m2
N/m2

40.8 CP

temperatura initiala
presiunea initiala
presiunea de supraalimentare
exponent politropic turbosuflanta
temperatura aerului la iesirea din suflanta

K
K

racirea aerului in intercooler

temperatura aerului la intrarea in cilindru

K {700-900}
temperatura gazelor reziduale
N/m2 {1,05..1,25} presiunea gazelor reziduale
coeficientul de exces de aer
{1,25...2,25}
raportul de comprimare
{14....23}

Parametrii procesului de schimbare a gazelor:

Se adopta:
pa=
1.5 10^5
deltaT=
20
nup=
1.1

N/m2
K {10...25}
{1,05...1,2}

presiunea la sfarsitul admisiei

preincalzirea amestecului
coeficient de postumplere

Se determina prin calcule

Coeficientul gazelor reziduale
Gammar= (Tac+deltaT)pr/Tr(epsilon*pa*nup-pr)=

0.016

Temperatura la sfarsitul admisiei

Ta=(Tac+deltaT+gammarTr)/(1+Gammar)=

340.810 K

Coeficientul de umplere
EtaV=((paTac/psTa)*(epsilon/(epsilon-1))*(nup/(1+Gammar))=
Parametrii procesului de comprimare
Se adopta:
n1=

1.39 {1,36...1,4}

0.99

coeficient politropic de comprimare

Se determina
Presiunea la sfarsitul comprimarii
pc=pa*epsilon^n1=

76.987 10^5

N/m2

Temperatura la sfarsitul comprimarii:

Tc=Ta*epsilon^(n1-1)=

Parametrii procesului de ardere

1028.934

Se adopta: c=
h=
o=
Qi=

0.857 kg
0.133 kg
0.01 kg
41868 kJ/kg
kcal/kg
0.8
1.8

ksi=
pi=

compozitia motorinei
compozitia motorinei
compozitia motorinei

[0,75..0,9] coef
[1,3..2,5] coef

de utilizare a caldurii
de crestere a presiunii

Aerul minim necesar arderii combustibilului este

Lmin=1/0,21*(c/12+h/4-o/32)=

0.497 kmol aer/kg comb

Cantitatea reala necesara arderii combustibilului

L=lambda*Lmin=

0.870 kmol aer/kg comb

Coeficientul teoretic de variatie molara a incarcaturii proaspete este

mu0=(L+h/4+c/12)/L=

1.039

Coeficientul real de variatie molara a incarcaturii proaspete

muf=(mu0+gammar)/(1+gammar)=

1.039

Caldura specifica molara medie a amestecului initial

Cmv'=20+17,4*10^(-3)*Tc=

37.903 kJ/kmolK

Caldura specifica molara medie a gazelor de ardere pt lambda>1

Cmv"=(20+9,2/lambda)+(13,8/lambda+1,55)*10^(-4)Tz=

25.257
25.257

0.002 Tz
23.386 10^-4Tz

Temperatura la sfarsitul arderii

ksiQ/( lambdaLmin(1+gammar))+(Cmv'+Rm*pi)*Tc=(Cmv"+RM)*muf*Tz
-24.288 10^-4
DELTA=

Tz^2

-34.866 Tz

92308.964 :=0

2112.449

Tz1=

2284.095 K {1800...2400}

Presiunea la sfarsitul arderii

pz=pz'=pi*pc=

13857591.819 N/m2

138.576 10^5

N/m2

Gradul de destindere prealabila se calculeaza din

ro=Vz/Vc=muTz/piTc=

1.281

Parametrii procesului de destindere

Se adopta n2=

1.2 {1,18...1,28}

Gradul de destindere
delta=Vb/Vz=epsilon/ro=

13.273

Presiunea la sfarsitul destinderii

pb=pz/delta^n2=

622501.645 N/m2

6.225 *10^5

N/m2

Temperatura la sfarsitul destinderii

Tb=Tz/delta^(n2-1)=

1361.830 K {900..1200}

Parametrii principali ai motorului

Se adopta: coef de rotunjire a diagramei
randamentul mecanic

mur=
etam=

0.95 {0,94..0,98}
0.85

Presiunea medie a ciclului teoretic se obtine din

pi'=pc/(epsilon-1)*{pi(ro-1)+pi*ro/(n2-1)*(1-1/(delta^(n2-1))-1/(n1-1)(1-1/delta(n1-1))]=
pi'=

16.991 *10^5{7,5...15}

N/m2

Presiunea medie indicata

pi=mur*pi'=

16.142 *10^5

N/m2

Randamentul indicat al motorului

etaI=RM*pi*M1*To/(po*etav*Qi)=8,314*pi*lambdaLminTo/poetavQi=
etaI=

0.808 {0,29...0,45}

Presiunea medie efectiva

pe=etm*pI=

13.721

N/m2

Randamentul efectiv
Etae=etam*etaI=

0.687 {0,25...0,4}

Consumul specific efectiv de combustibil

ge=36000/etae*Qi=
Dimensiunile fundamentale ale motorului
Se adopta:

FI=S/D=

0.125 {270...340}

kg/kWh

125.191 g/kWh

1.1 {0,96...1,3}

Capacitatea cilindrica necesara

Vh=120000pn/pe*n*i=

0.230 litri

Se determina alezajul si cursa:

D=(4Vh/pi*FI)^(1/3)=
S=FI*D=

0.643 dm

0.708 dm

64.345 mm
0.064 m
70.779 mm
0.071 m

Viteza medie a pistonului

Wm=Sn/30=

8.965 m/s {10..12}

Cilindreea totala
Vt=i*Vh=

0.690 litri

Puterea litrica
Pl=Pn/Vt=

43.449 kW/l

{13....19}

Diagrama indicata
Volumul la sfarsitul admisiei
Va=Vh*epsilon/(epsilon-1)=

0.245 dm3

Volumul la sfarsitul compresiei

Vc=Va/epsilon=

0.014

px=pa(Va/Vx)^n1
px=pz(Vz/Vx)^n2
Se adopta:
unghi de avans la aprindere {20...40oRAC}
unghi de avans la DSE
alfas=
raportul dintre raza manivelei si lungimealfaev=

Lambdab=

35 oRAC
40 oRAC
1/3,6

Xs=S/2{(1-cos(alfas))+lambdas/4(1-cos(2alfas))}=
pc"={1,15...1,25}pc=1,2pc=

8.017 mm
92.384 *10^5

Xev=S/2{(1-cos(alfaev))+lambdas/4(1-cos(2alfaev))}=
pa'=1/2(pa+pb)=

3.863 *10^5

Vc'=PI()*D^2*Xs/4=

0.041 dm3

Vb'=Va-PI()*D^2*Xev/4=

0.192

Vz=roVc=

0.611 rad
0.698 rad
0.278

N/m2

10.310 mm
N/m2

0.018

Vb=rodeltaVc=

0.245

Caracteristica externa
Puterea efectiva
Pex=Pn[anx/np+b(nx/np)^2-(nx/np)^3]=
Consumul specific
gex=gep[c-dnx/np+k(nx/np)^2]=
Consumul orar
Gcx=Pex*gex*10^(-3)=
Momentul motor
Mex=3*10^4*Pex/(pi*n)=
Constante
Motor
MAC
cu
camera

unitara
divizata
de vartej

a
0.87
0.6
0.7

b
1.13
1.4
1.3

c
1.55
1.35
1.2

d
1.55
1.35
1.2

k
1
1
1

n [r/min]
Pe [kW]
1000
8.669
1200
10.678
1400
12.717
1600
14.760
1800
16.781
2000
18.754
2200
20.652
2400
22.449
2600
24.119
2800
25.635
3000
26.972
3200
28.104
3400
29.003
3600
29.644
3800
30.000
4100
0.000

ge [g/kWh]
151.651
145.253
139.548
134.537
130.220
126.596
123.665
121.428
119.885
119.036
118.880
119.417
120.648
122.573
125.191
600.000

Ge [kg/h]
1.315
1.551
1.775
1.986
2.185
2.374
2.554
2.726
2.891
3.052
3.206
3.356
3.499
3.634
3.756
1.127

Me [Nm]
144.489
148.305
151.392
153.751
155.380
156.280
156.451
155.894
154.607
152.591
149.847
146.373
142.171
137.239
131.579
0.000

irea din suflanta

rarea in cilindru

Cinematica mecanismului biela-manivela

Alfa
Beta
Omega
S
R
L
Lambda

unghiul de rotatie al manivelei

unghiul de inclinare al axei bielei
viteza unghiulara de rotatie a arborelui cotit
cursa pistonului
raza manivelei
lungimea bielei
raportul dintre raza manivelei si lungimea bielei

Omega=PI*n/30=
R=S/2=
Lambda=R/L=
Beta max=

397.94
35.38968
1/3,6
1/3,2...1/4
0.277778
15 o{12..18}

L=R/Lambda=

127.4028

Ap=piD^2/4=

0.003252 m2

Deplasarea pistonului
xp=R[(1-cos alfa)+1/lambda(1-cos beta)]
xp=R[(1-cos alfa)+-lambda/4(1-cos 2alfa)]
Volumul cilindrului la un moment dat
Vp=piD^2*Sx/4
Viteza pistonului
vp=Romega(sinalfa +-Lambda/2*sin2alfa)
alfavmax=arccos{sqrt((1/4lambda)^2+1/2)-1/4lambda}

Acceleratia pistonului
ap=Romega^2*(cosalfa+-lambdacos2alfa)
Alfa [grd] Beta [grd]
0
0.00000
10
0.04825
20
0.09515
30
0.13934
40
0.17951
50
0.21443

xp [mm]
0.00000
0.68586
2.70923
5.97013
10.31047
15.52601

Vp [l]
0.00000
0.02230
0.08810
0.19413
0.33527
0.50487

vp [m/s]
0.00000
3.11442
6.07386
8.73529
10.97847
12.71427

ap [m/s2]
7160.71434
6981.69731
6458.55630
5631.57719
4563.25577
3331.89162

unghiul de viteza maxima

60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
220
230
240
250
260
270
280
290
300
310
320
330
340
350
360
370
380
390
400
410
420
430
440
450
460
470
480
490
500
510
520
530
540
550
560
570
580
590

0.24295
0.26408
0.27709
0.28148
0.27709
0.26408
0.24295
0.21443
0.17951
0.13934
0.09515
0.04825
0.00000
-0.04825
-0.09515
-0.13934
-0.17951
-0.21443
-0.24295
-0.26408
-0.27709
-0.28148
-0.27709
-0.26408
-0.24295
-0.21443
-0.17951
-0.13934
-0.09515
-0.04825
0.00000
0.04825
0.09515
0.13934
0.17951
0.21443
0.24295
0.26408
0.27709
0.28148
0.27709
0.26408
0.24295
0.21443
0.17951
0.13934
0.09515
0.04825
0.00000
-0.04825
-0.09515
-0.13934
-0.17951
-0.21443

21.38126
27.62595
34.01134
40.30491
46.30205
51.83392
56.77094
61.02210
64.53060
67.26684
69.22007
70.38992
70.77935
70.38992
69.22007
67.26684
64.53060
61.02210
56.77094
51.83392
46.30205
40.30491
34.01134
27.62595
21.38126
15.52601
10.31047
5.97013
2.70923
0.68586
0.00000
0.68586
2.70923
5.97013
10.31047
15.52601
21.38126
27.62595
34.01134
40.30491
46.30205
51.83392
56.77094
61.02210
64.53060
67.26684
69.22007
70.38992
70.77935
70.38992
69.22007
67.26684
64.53060
61.02210

0.69527
0.89833
1.10597
1.31062
1.50563
1.68551
1.84605
1.98429
2.09838
2.18735
2.25087
2.28891
2.30157
2.28891
2.25087
2.18735
2.09838
1.98429
1.84605
1.68551
1.50563
1.31062
1.10597
0.89833
0.69527
0.50487
0.33527
0.19413
0.08810
0.02230
0.00000
0.02230
0.08810
0.19413
0.33527
0.50487
0.69527
0.89833
1.10597
1.31062
1.50563
1.68551
1.84605
1.98429
2.09838
2.18735
2.25087
2.28891
2.30157
2.28891
2.25087
2.18735
2.09838
1.98429

13.88995
14.49075
14.53782
14.08279
13.19987
11.97624
10.50216
8.86182
7.12602
5.34750
3.55934
1.77648
0.00000
-1.77648
-3.55934
-5.34750
-7.12602
-8.86182
-10.50216
-11.97624
-13.19987
-14.08279
-14.53782
-14.49075
-13.88995
-12.71427
-10.97847
-8.73529
-6.07386
-3.11442
0.00000
3.11442
6.07386
8.73529
10.97847
12.71427
13.88995
14.49075
14.53782
14.08279
13.19987
11.97624
10.50216
8.86182
7.12602
5.34750
3.55934
1.77648
0.00000
-1.77648
-3.55934
-5.34750
-7.12602
-8.86182

2023.68014
724.20986
-489.66705
-1556.67703
-2435.92879
-3109.17743
-3580.35717
-3872.51988
-4022.62751
-4074.90016
-4073.58872
-4056.10147
-4047.36028
-4056.10147
-4073.58872
-4074.90016
-4022.62751
-3872.51988
-3580.35717
-3109.17743
-2435.92879
-1556.67703
-489.66705
724.20986
2023.68014
3331.89162
4563.25577
5631.57719
6458.55630
6981.69731
7160.71434
6981.69731
6458.55630
5631.57719
4563.25577
3331.89162
2023.68014
724.20986
-489.66705
-1556.67703
-2435.92879
-3109.17743
-3580.35717
-3872.51988
-4022.62751
-4074.90016
-4073.58872
-4056.10147
-4047.36028
-4056.10147
-4073.58872
-4074.90016
-4022.62751
-3872.51988

600
610
620
630
640
650
660
670
680
690
700
710
720

-0.24295
-0.26408
-0.27709
-0.28148
-0.27709
-0.26408
-0.24295
-0.21443
-0.17951
-0.13934
-0.09515
-0.04825
0.00000

56.77094
51.83392
46.30205
40.30491
34.01134
27.62595
21.38126
15.52601
10.31047
5.97013
2.70923
0.68586
0.00000

1.84605
1.68551
1.50563
1.31062
1.10597
0.89833
0.69527
0.50487
0.33527
0.19413
0.08810
0.02230
0.00000

-10.50216
-11.97624
-13.19987
-14.08279
-14.53782
-14.49075
-13.88995
-12.71427
-10.97847
-8.73529
-6.07386
-3.11442
0.00000

-3580.35717
-3109.17743
-2435.92879
-1556.67703
-489.66705
724.20986
2023.68014
3331.89162
4563.25577
5631.57719
6458.55630
6981.69731
7160.71434

e a arborelui cotit

elei si lungimea bielei

e viteza maxima

D=
S=
Ap=

n=

0.0643 m
0.0708 m
0.0033 m2

p0=
pa=
pr=
pz=
p'I=

102000 N/m2
150000 N/m2
110000 N/m2
13857591.82 N/m2
1699146.61 N/m2

lambda=
n1=
ro=
n2=
Va=
Vc=
Vz=
Vt=

3800

mb= 0.975526 kg
mp= 0.812938 kg
mAC= 0.975526 kg

300 kg/m2
250 kg/m2
300 kg/m2

mj=mp+mIb=
m1b=0,275mb=
m2b=0,725mb=

0.278
1.390
1.281
1.200
0.245
0.014
0.018
0.690

N=FtgBeta
S=F/cosBeta
T=Ssin(alfa+Beta)
Z=Scos(alfa+beta)
M=F*R

1.0812081975 kg/m2
0.2682697031 kg/m2
0.7072564901 kg/m2

R=S/2= 0.035389676
psi=
180
omega=pin/30=

vp=Romega*(sinalfa+lambda/4cos2alfa
ap=Romega^2*(cosalfa-lambdacos2alfa)
Beta=arcsin(lambdasinAlfa)

Fg=(pg-p0)*Ap
Fj=-mjRomega^2(cosAlfa+lambdacos2Alfa
F=Fg+Fj

alfa
[grd]
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110

Xp
[m]
0.0000
0.0007
0.0027
0.0060
0.0103
0.0155
0.0214
0.0276
0.0340
0.0403
0.0463
0.0518

Vx
[l]
0.0144
0.0166
0.0232
0.0338
0.0479
0.0649
0.0839
0.1042
0.1250
0.1454
0.1649
0.1829

px
[N/m2]
102000.000
150000.000
150000.000
150000.000
150000.000
150000.000
150000.000
150000.000
150000.000
150000.000
150000.000
150000.000

vp
[m/s]
0.0000
3.1144
6.0739
8.7353
10.9785
12.7143
13.8900
14.4908
14.5378
14.0828
13.1999
11.9762

ap
[m/s2]
7160.7143
6981.6973
6458.5563
5631.5772
4563.2558
3331.8916
2023.6801
724.2099
-489.6671
-1556.6770
-2435.9288
-3109.1774

Fg
[N]
0.0000
156.0842
156.0842
156.0842
156.0842
156.0842
156.0842
156.0842
156.0842
156.0842
156.0842
156.0842

Fj
[N]
-7742.2230
-7548.6684
-6983.0440
-6088.9074
-4933.8295
-3602.4685
-2188.0196
-783.0216
529.4320
1683.0920
2633.7462
3361.6681

F
[N]
-7742.2230
-7392.5842
-6826.9598
-5932.8232
-4777.7454
-3446.3843
-2031.9354
-626.9374
685.5162
1839.1762
2789.8304
3517.7523

Beta
[rad]
0.0000
0.0483
0.0951
0.1393
0.1795
0.2144
0.2429
0.2641
0.2771
0.2815
0.2771
0.2641

N
[N]
0
-357
-652
-832
-867
-751
-504
-170
195
532
793
951

120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
220
230
240
250
260
270
280
290
300
310
320
330
340
350
360
370
380
390
400
410
420
430
440
450
460

0.0568
0.0610
0.0645
0.0673
0.0692
0.0704
0.0708
0.0704
0.0692
0.0673
0.0645
0.0610
0.0568
0.0518
0.0463
0.0403
0.0340
0.0276
0.0214
0.0155
0.0103
0.0060
0.0027
0.0007
0.0000
0.0007
0.0027
0.0060
0.0103
0.0155
0.0214
0.0276
0.0340
0.0403
0.0463

0.1990
150000.000
0.2128
150000.000
0.2242
150000.000
0.2331
150000.000
0.2395
150000.000
0.2433
150000.000
0.2445
150000.000
0.2433
151086.430
0.2395
154432.793
0.2331
160312.194
0.2242
169222.575
0.2128
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0.0649
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0.0479 1445724.934
0.0338 2348227.834
0.0232 3962919.265
0.0166 6300925.012
0.0144 7698662.122
0.0166 13857591.819
0.0232 10512372.984
0.0338 6691017.015
0.0479 4401818.001
0.0649 3059842.234
0.0839 2246875.746
0.1042 1732347.303
0.1250 1392996.886
0.1454 1161236.156
0.1649
998501.836

10.5022
8.8618
7.1260
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13.1999

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156.0842
156.0842
156.0842
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156.0842
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159.6170
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218.5913
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398.4914
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672.6189
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20157.3791
24702.4763
44729.8004
33851.9718
21425.8623
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3871.1115
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529.4320
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4027.1957
4343.0844
4505.3820
4561.8996
4560.4817
4541.5744
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2355.7108
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481.4788
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16960.2532
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26868.9277
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4518.4667
4727.4363
5127.4674
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0.2429
0.2144
0.1795
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-0.0483
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0.0000
0.0483
0.0951
0.1393
0.1795
0.2144
0.2429
0.2641
0.2771
0.2815
0.2771

998
946
818
640
435
219
0
-219
-437
-645
-829
-968
-1038
-1017
-895
-681
-409
-130
90
185
102
-170
-532
-609
0
1298
1464
1269
1092
1042
1120
1278
1458
1605
1677

470
480
490
500
510
520
530
540
550
560
570
580
590
600
610
620
630
640
650
660
670
680
690
700
710
720

0.0518
0.0568
0.0610
0.0645
0.0673
0.0692
0.0704
0.0708
0.0704
0.0692
0.0673
0.0645
0.0610
0.0568
0.0518
0.0463
0.0403
0.0340
0.0276
0.0214
0.0155
0.0103
0.0060
0.0027
0.0007
0.0000

alfa
[grd]
0
10
20
30
40

M1
[Nm]
0.0
-57.9
-104.3
-130.5
-132.2

0.1829
0.1990
0.2128
0.2242
0.2331
0.2395
0.2433
0.2445
0.2433
0.2395
0.2331
0.2242
0.2128
0.1990
0.1829
0.1649
0.1454
0.1250
0.1042
0.0839
0.0649
0.0479
0.0338
0.0232
0.0166
0.0144

M2
[Nm]
0.0
-20.3
-40.9
-61.6
-81.4

881871.758
797199.465
735469.945
690795.435
543376.234
507151.151
434700.987
362250.822
326025.740
289800.658
253575.576
217350.493
181125.411
110000.000
110000.000
110000.000
110000.000
110000.000
110000.000
110000.000
110000.000
110000.000
110000.000
110000.000
110000.000
102000.000

M3
[Nm]
0.0
-22.4
-43.7
-63.3
-79.2

11.9762
10.5022
8.8618
7.1260
5.3475
3.5593
1.7765
0.0000
-1.7765
-3.5593
-5.3475
-7.1260
-8.8618
-10.5022
-11.9762
-13.1999
-14.0828
-14.5378
-14.4908
-13.8900
-12.7143
-10.9785
-8.7353
-6.0739
-3.1144
0.0000

M4
[Nm]
0.0
210.3
234.3
199.0
166.4

-3109.1774
-3580.3572
-3872.5199
-4022.6275
-4074.9002
-4073.5887
-4056.1015
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-4074.9002
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-489.6671
724.2099
2023.6801
3331.8916
4563.2558
5631.5772
6458.5563
6981.6973
7160.7143

Mt
[Nm]
0.0
109.8
45.4
-56.3
-126.4

2535.9511
2260.6176
2059.8884
1914.6179
1435.2469
1317.4519
1081.8618
846.2716
728.4766
610.6815
492.8865
375.0914
257.2964
26.0140
26.0140
26.0140
26.0140
26.0140
26.0140
26.0140
26.0140
26.0140
26.0140
26.0140
26.0140
0.0000

T1
[N]
0
-1635
-2947
-3687
-3735

3361.6681
3871.1115
4187.0002
4349.2978
4405.8155
4404.3975
4385.4902
4376.0391
4385.4902
4404.3975
4405.8155
4349.2978
4187.0002
3871.1115
3361.6681
2633.7462
1683.0920
529.4320
-783.0216
-2188.0196
-3602.4685
-4933.8295
-6088.9074
-6983.0440
-7548.6684
-7742.2230

T2
[N]

5897.6192
6131.7291
6246.8886
6263.9157
5841.0624
5721.8494
5467.3519
5222.3108
5113.9668
5015.0791
4898.7019
4724.3893
4444.2966
3897.1256
3387.6822
2659.7602
1709.1060
555.4461
-757.0076
-2162.0055
-3576.4545
-4907.8155
-6062.8934
-6957.0300
-7522.6543
-7742.2230

Z1
[N]
0
-573
-1154
-1740
-2301

-7742
-7218
-6192
-4722
-3103

0.2641
0.2429
0.2144
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-0.2641
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-0.2144
-0.1795
-0.1393
-0.0951
-0.0483
0.0000

Z2
[N]
-4532
-4514
-4448
-4302
-4032

1658
1548
1364
1060
802
522
252
0
-242
-468
-663
-806
-849
-840
-719
-486
-161
215
585
886
1069
1100
976
718
374
0

T'
[N]
0
-531
-896
-974
-717

50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
220
230
240
250
260
270
280
290
300
310
320
330
340
350
360
370
380
390

-110.5
-71.2
-22.9
25.1
65.1
92.4
105.5
105.8
96.2
80.3
61.1
40.7
20.3
0.0
-20.3
-40.9
-61.6
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-98.5
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-52.6
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27.2
15.6
-26.7
-85.1
-98.7
0.0
210.3
234.3
199.0

-98.5
-110.0
-112.7
-104.1
-83.4
-52.6
-17.6
12.7
27.2
15.6
-26.7
-85.1
-98.7
0.0
210.3
234.3
199.0
166.4
153.5
158.3
172.7
187.7
196.4
195.2
183.8
164.1
138.8
104.1
76.7
48.8
23.3
0.0
-22.4
-43.7
-63.3

-86.3
-89.0
-79.7
-56.6
-19.7
27.7
79.0
125.3
157.4
167.7
153.0
114.9
60.6
0.0
-57.9
-104.3
-130.5
-132.2
-110.5
-71.2
-22.9
25.1
65.1
92.4
105.5
105.8
96.2
80.3
61.1
40.7
20.3
0.0
-20.3
-40.9
-61.6

153.5
158.3
172.7
187.7
196.4
195.2
183.8
164.1
138.8
104.1
76.7
48.8
23.3
0.0
-22.4
-43.7
-63.3
-79.2
-86.3
-89.0
-79.7
-56.6
-19.7
27.7
79.0
125.3
157.4
167.7
153.0
114.9
60.6
0.0
-57.9
-104.3
-130.5

-141.9
-111.9
-42.7
52.1
158.4
262.7
350.7
407.8
419.6
367.8
264.0
119.4
5.5
0.0
109.8
45.4
-56.3
-126.4
-141.9
-111.9
-42.7
52.1
158.4
262.7
350.7
407.8
419.6
367.8
264.0
119.4
5.5
0.0
109.8
45.4
-56.3

-3123
-2012
-647
709
1839
2610
2980
2989
2719
2270
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1151
573
0
-573
-1154
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0
6621
5623
4703

-2784
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-2405
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0
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2166
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0
-632
-1236
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-1640
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42
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7201

-3600
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42
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416
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-169
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1269
1826
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1778
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0
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-1067
-1532
-1395
316
3929
3706
3471

400
410
420
430
440
450
460
470
480
490
500
510
520
530
540
550
560
570
580
590
600
610
620
630
640
650
660
670
680
690
700
710
720

166.4
153.5
158.3
172.7
187.7
196.4
195.2
183.8
164.1
138.8
104.1
76.7
48.8
23.3
0.0
-22.4
-43.7
-63.3
-79.2
-86.3
-89.0
-79.7
-56.6
-19.7
27.7
79.0
125.3
157.4
167.7
153.0
114.9
60.6
0.0

-79.2
-86.3
-89.0
-79.7
-56.6
-19.7
27.7
79.0
125.3
157.4
167.7
153.0
114.9
60.6
0.0
-57.9
-104.3
-130.5
-132.2
-110.5
-71.2
-22.9
25.1
65.1
92.4
105.5
105.8
96.2
80.3
61.1
40.7
20.3
0.0

-81.4
-98.5
-110.0
-112.7
-104.1
-83.4
-52.6
-17.6
12.7
27.2
15.6
-26.7
-85.1
-98.7
0.0
210.3
234.3
199.0
166.4
153.5
158.3
172.7
187.7
196.4
195.2
183.8
164.1
138.8
104.1
76.7
48.8
23.3
0.0

-132.2
-110.5
-71.2
-22.9
25.1
65.1
92.4
105.5
105.8
96.2
80.3
61.1
40.7
20.3
0.0
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-40.9
-61.6
-81.4
-98.5
-110.0
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-83.4
-52.6
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27.2
15.6
-26.7
-85.1
-98.7
0.0

-126.4
-141.9
-111.9
-42.7
52.1
158.4
262.7
350.7
407.8
419.6
367.8
264.0
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5.5
0.0
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45.4
-56.3
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-141.9
-111.9
-42.7
52.1
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262.7
350.7
407.8
419.6
367.8
264.0
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5.5
0.0

4337
4473
4880
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5517
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2166
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0
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0
0

-2440
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0
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-2012
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3907
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3388
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-263
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0
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304
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-632
-528
-189
280
729
1010
1027
760
281
-286
0

3.141592654
398 rad/sec

bdacos2alfa)
n(lambdasinAlfa)

S
[N]
-7742
-7401
-6858
-5991
-4856
-3527
-2093
-649
713
1915
2900
3644

T
[N]
0
-1635
-2947
-3687
-3735
-3123
-2012
-647
709
1839
2610
2980

Z
[N]

M
[Nm]
-7742
-7218
-6192
-4722
-3103
-1640
-580
-55
-73
-532
-1266
-2097

0.0
-57.9
-104.3
-130.5
-132.2
-110.5
-71.2
-22.9
25.1
65.1
92.4
105.5

4149
4445
4579
4607
4581
4547
4532
4550
4596
4640
4642
4551
4316
3895
3270
2452
1495
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-373
-869
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1227
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12623
16960
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416
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-1605
-2676

105.8
96.2
80.3
61.1
40.7
20.3
0.0
-20.3
-40.9
-61.6
-81.4
-98.5
-110.0
-112.7
-104.1
-83.4
-52.6
-17.6
12.7
27.2
15.6
-26.7
-85.1
-98.7
0.0
210.3
234.3
199.0
166.4
153.5
158.3
172.7
187.7
196.4
195.2

6352
6436
6411
5936
5778
5492
5228
5114
5021
4921
4771
4517
3988
3490
2755
1777
578
-787
-2240
-3685
-5023
-6162
-7025
-7557
-7751
-7742

5195
4636
3922
2943
2166
1380
658
0
-632
-1236
-1788
-2239
-2440
-2514
-2253
-1599
-555
783
2232
3540
4447
4740
4324
3248
1713
0

-3655
-4464
-5071
-5156
-5357
-5316
-5187
-5114
-4981
-4763
-4423
-3923
-3155
-2421
-1586
-775
-161
81
-190
-1021
-2336
-3937
-5537
-6823
-7560
-7742

Z'
[N]
-1605
-1352
-872
-210
465

Rm
[N]
11705.71
11300.72
10574.89
9435.61
7992.66

Rp
[N]
1605.05
1452.62
1250.59
996.10
854.44

183.8
164.1
138.8
104.1
76.7
48.8
23.3
0.0
-22.4
-43.7
-63.3
-79.2
-86.3
-89.0
-79.7
-56.6
-19.7
27.7
79.0
125.3
157.4
167.7
153.0
114.9
60.6
0.0

980
1207
1093
677
75
-556
-1070
-1387
-1556
-1805
-2619
-4744
-8411
-10746
-15375
-9180
-5752
-3969
-2939
-2142
-1329
-441
462
1261
1849
2180
2334
2395
3162
5185
8749
11037
15608
9337
5812

6415.07
4968.70
4070.38
4098.24
4856.99
5844.34
6753.62
7465.75
7958.60
8258.37
8413.24
8476.29
8493.48
8495.62
8497.01
8490.67
8446.57
8320.09
8059.98
7620.08
6974.96
6141.21
5207.90
4376.81
3952.52
4082.70
4434.85
4352.41
3089.97
2640.91
8801.54
12996.76
23235.23
11427.13
5709.91

994.52
1325.73
1675.14
1947.05
2098.77
2122.50
2041.32
1911.43
1836.21
2023.49
2898.10
5066.33
8577.35
10746.19
15789.96
9785.37
6592.35
5174.08
4669.69
4532.01
4447.31
4268.34
3963.22
3571.09
3162.97
2815.61
2574.21
2545.22
3337.19
5406.53
8859.54
11041.64
16094.99
10045.76
6769.64

3915
2717
1855
1001
115
-722
-1378
-1733
-1722
-1368
-609
90
754
1186
1314
1119
715
150
-410
-757
-921
-765
-351
186
673
953
929
590
20
-633
-1195
-1525
-1605

4337.16
4779.98
5564.23
6380.18
7150.11
7838.20
8430.23
8918.27
9295.47
9501.96
9373.03
9421.56
9302.92
9150.26
9099.46
9029.45
8908.03
8679.95
8255.21
7549.55
6770.45
5774.73
4771.41
4197.76
4478.50
5457.79
6679.34
7883.53
9006.34
10040.32
10922.03
11523.17
11705.71

5177.45
4425.51
4020.12
3592.91
3054.36
2474.59
2023.58
1817.05
1741.73
1636.55
1238.95
938.32
919.69
1186.46
1351.63
1136.33
920.00
739.33
766.64
816.24
928.47
901.07
723.23
559.80
699.25
993.73
1180.65
1170.18
1027.09
989.50
1227.15
1551.16
1605.05

Diagram a Indicata

16000000

14000000

12000000

10000000

p [N/m ^2]
8000000

6000000

4000000

2000000

0
0

0.05

0.1

0.15
V [litri]

0.2

0.25

0.3

Presiunea in cilindru

16000000

14000000

12000000

10000000

px*10^5 [N/m 2]
8000000

6000000

4000000

2000000

0
0

90

180

270

360
alfa [grd]

450

540

630

720

8000

80

6000

60

4000

40

2000

20
ap
[m/s2]
xp [mm]
vp [m/s]

0
0

90

180

270

0
360

-2000

-20

-4000

-40

-6000

-60

Caracteristica externa

500

50
ge
[g/kWh]
Me [Nm]
Pe [kW]

450

45

Ge [kg/h]

400

40

350

35

300

30

250

25

200

20

150

15

100

10

50

0
1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

0
4500

50000

40000

30000

20000
Fg
[N]
Fj
[N]

10000

0
0

-10000

-20000

90

180

270

360

450

540

630

720

Variatia fortelor N si S
30000

25000

20000

15000

10000
N
[N]

[N]
5000

0
0

90

180

270

360

-5000

-10000

-15000
[gradeRAC]

450

540

630

720

30000
T
[N]

25000

20000

15000

10000

5000

0
0

-5000

-10000

90

180

270

360

450

540

630

720

M [Nm]
300

M [Nm]

200

100

0
0
-100

-200

-300

-400

-500

-600

90

180

270

360

450

540

630

720

Mt [Nm]
500

400

300

200

100

0
0

-100

-200

90

180

270

360

450

540

630

720

Z [N]

30000

25000

20000

15000

10000

5000

0
-5000

-5000

-10000

5000

10000

Z' [N]

20000

15000

10000

5000

0
-5000

-5000

-10000

-15000

-20000

5000

Rm [N]
25000

20000

15000

10000

5000

0
0

90

180

270

360

450

540

630

720

Rp [N]
18000

16000

14000

12000

10000

8000

6000

4000

2000

0
0

90

180

270

360

450

540

630

720