Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
7UDGL LHLPRGHUQLWDWHvQJHVWLXQHD
serviciilor publice
Socrate
! "!# #$%&(' ) ' *()+#' , .-."!/ )0 %(')+-
-.#( ' *" (4),
102 3254-
"!/0 )+ ' -$%&' )+-+67)+*)+- $89
).:8$-;#!$8' )
# - (6),
1.3. 4 "!# -=< #> /0-.. *#' la nivelul )
*' -+)+ /( ' *" -
"
*". #' - (8)
1.1
$GPLQLVWUD LDSXEOLF
,Q SUDJ GH PLOHQLX FROHFWLYLW
vQVHUYLFLXOFHW
HDQXOXL
VHVF vQWU
-un
DPSOX SURFHV GH FRPSHWL LH GHFODQDWvQ XOWLPHOH GHFHQLL DOH VHFROXOXL WUHFXW
ORFDOLW
GRULP V
LOHULYDOHSUHVXSXQHU
VSXQVXULODvQWUHE
ULOH
Cine suntem?
bazH]HvQSULPXOUkQGSHFXQRDWHUHDLYDORULILFDUHDWU
1)
H[LVW
L
L WUHEXLH V
Ce
VH
WXULORUVSHFLILFHvQ
SHQWUX F
DUH R
LDW
GHYL]D FDUH F
aracterizeaz
un
cel mai bine
binomului cerereRIHUW
PRGLILF
vQV
V
V
DSOLFDWLvQVHFWRUXOVHUYLFLLORUSXEOLFH$FHDVW
SR]L LH
1)
6HPRGLILF
vQV
LPHQLUHDDOHLORUFRPXQLW
SULYDWvQFRQWH[WXOvQFDUHGDWRULW
LXQR FRQVWUkQJHULGHQDWXU
locale, pULPDUXOLHFKLSD
LLVSHFLILFHvQWUHSULQ]
JHRJUDILHLSROLWLFHHL WUHEXLHV
SROLWLF
LL
VDXVRFLR
FX ORJLF
-culturale.
WRUXOXL
VHVXSXQ
&ROHFWLYLWDWHDORFDO
SH
HQLL
UHVSRQVDELOLW
GLPHQVLXQHD DQWUHSUHQRULDO
VDOH WUHEXLH V
punndu-se accent
HDQXO
UL GH
lementarea
GH WLS
DUH
PDWXULWDWH
mediocritatea. Ca atare,
FLYLF
L
QX
PDL
DFFHSW
L DJHQ LL
VH DGPLW
F
QRQFDOLWDWHD
L
prestatori de servicii
SXEOLFH WUHEXLH V DGRSWH QRL UHJXOL GH FRQGXLW vQ UHOD LLOH FX FHW
anul,
inspirate din principiile moderne de gestiune ale setorului privat. Si nu n
XOWLPXO UkQG WUHEXLH V VH PDQLIHVWH H[LJHQ
ID
GH FHW
HQLL FDUH vQ Pod
YROXQWDUQXUHVSHFW
FRQGL LLOHGHUHJXODULWDWHEXJHWDU
vQDFKLWDUHDWD[HORUL
resursele locale,etc.
*HVWLRQDUHD VHUYLFLLORU SXEOLFH VSUH GHRVHELUH GH SURGXF LD GH EXQXUL
DFWY
ILLQG QHFHVDU
DFRVXPDWRUXOXLvQPRPHQWXOSURGXFHULLORU
GRWDUH WHKQLF
UHVWUkQV
]XW
vQFHSH V
oameni cu o
SURGXF LD GH EXQXUL PDWHULDOH vQ DFHVW VHFWRU GRWDUHD WHKQLF
VF
]XW
deci, avem o
VODE
LQWHQVLWDWH D FDSLWDOL]
SUH]HQ D
HVWH PDL
1X WHEXLH V
i
asupra proiectelor de servicii publice, multe dintre acestea constituind o
DGHY
UDW
SODJ
VRFLDO
SHQWUXFRPXQLW
LOHXUEDQH
6HUYLFLLOHSXEOLFHFRQFHSWLFkPSGHDSOLFD LH
/D QLYHOXO XQHL HQWLW
L WHULWRULDOH DFWLYLW
SRUWRIROLXO DFWLYLW
portofolii:
GRX
portofoliul
FDUDFWHUFRPHUFLDOHOHSUH]LQW
WUHLWU
L WHULWRULDOH )D
WXULGHILQLWRULL
ORFDO
WHULWRULDO
GH DFWLYLW
L
LOH FX
VDXXQRUJDQLVPUHSUH]HQWDWLYPDQGDWDW
DOHPHPEULORUFROHFWLYLW
LLXPDQHDURQGDWH
administrativ
,QDFHVWFRQWH[WFkPSXOGHDSOLFD LHHVWHIRDUWHGLYHUVFXSULQ]kQG
-
$FWLYLW
DOLPHQWDUH FX DS
VDOXEULWDWH FROHFWDUHD
- $FWLYLW
HQLH VWU
$FHDVW
SURWHF LHVRFLDO
D
fundamentare a proiecteORUGHLQYHVWL
LLGHGH]YROWDUHVHFWRULDO
LLLHFKLW
SURFHVXOGH
SUHRFXS
ULORU
LLVRFLDOHFkPSXOGHDSOLFD LHFXS
FRQ LQ
urilor care
GLQWDULIHOHSHUFHSXWHGHODXWLOL]DWRULSRSXOD LH
L
PRGHUQ
GHSR]LWDUHD vQ ]RQH VSHFLDO DPHQDMDWH L WUDWDUHD ORU SHQWUX D OH IDFH
inofensve din punct de vedere ecologic. Este posibil QV ( FXP HVWH FD]XOLDO
inclusiv capitala) V QX OLSVHDVF activitatea de tratare
prin procese de incinerare - recuperare.
RUDHORU URPkQHWL
,Q SUH]HQW
VH PDQLIHVW
R WHQGLQ
WRW
FDUH FXPS
PDL HYLGHQW
FHW
GH
D
VH
HDQXOHVWHXQFOLHQW
FDWHJRULL GH
IDF
ID
XQRUH[LJHQ HVSRULWHSULYLQGFDOLWDWHDVHUYLFLLORURIHULWH
6LQJXUDVROX LHYLDELO
,Q DFHDVW
Astfel n
LGXUDELO
HVWHSDUWHQHULDWXOFXVHFWRUXOSULYDW
YL]LXQH PRGHUQ
GHMXVWL LHGLVWULEXWLY
6HDQXOHD]
cadrul general
WROHUDELOLUH]RQDELOVDWLVI
DVWIHOSULQLJQRUDUHSULPDWU
WRUSHQWUXFHW
WXU
FODVLF
HQL
2)
DXQXLVHUYLFLX
,PSOLFD LLOH DFHVWXL SURFHV VXQW PXOW PDL FRPSOH[H vQ SODQ JHVWLRQDU L
UHJOHPHQWDUSULQHVWRPSDUHDGHPDUFD LHLvQWUHSXEOLFLSULYDW
,Q
JHQHUDO
vQWUHSULQ]
WRULL
SULYD L
VXQW
LQWHUHVD L
GH
VHUYLFLLOH
economice; industriale, comerciale, transporturi dar, cel SX LQ vQ FRPXQLW LOH
teritoriale dezvoltate, VH FRQVWDW S WUXQGHUHD ORU L vQ VHUYLFLL DGPLQLstrative,
de sport, agrement, etc.
3
WUXQGHUHDSXWHUQLF
DVHFWRUXOXLSULYDWvQGRPHQLXOVHUYLFLLORUSXEOLFH
FRQGXFH vQ PRG LQHYLWDELO k OD QHJDUHD FHOHL GH D WUHLD FDUDFWHULVWLFL UHJOH
mentare specLILF
vQWUHSULQ]
WRU SULYDW FDUH SURGXFH L YLQGH SURGXVH GH SDQLILFD LH FHW
L vL GHVI
XQHL ORFDOLW
RDU
DFWLYLWDWHD HFRQRPLF
XQHLQHYRLGHED]
VLQJXU
DFRPXQLW
WXU
LLORFDOH
vQ VDWLVIDFHUHD
VSHFLILF
VWUHD]
R
FHDGHILQDOLWDWHVDWLVIDFHUHDXQRUQHYRLGHLQWHUHVJHQHUDODOHFHW
0RWLYD LDDFFHSW
HQLORU
HQLORU
WR
vQFHHDFHSULYHWHFDOLWDWHDGLYHUVLWDWHDLSURPSWLWXGLQHDVHUYLFLLORURIHULWH
Aceasta
FRQVXP
i
HDQXO
UHVLP LW L vQ SODQXO LQYHVWL LLORU PDL DOHV FH SULYHWH IXQGDPHQWDUHD GHFL]LLORU
baza principiilRUGHHILFLHQ
LSURILWDELOLWDWH
R SUREOHP
GHOLFDW
V
este posibil
QHFHVLWDWH GLQ UD
SUHYDOH]H
UD LXQL
SURWHF LRQLVWH
FD
GH
H[HPSOX
WDULIH
UL OD F
OGXU
HQHUJLH
FH R UHSUH]LQW
VHUYLFLLORH
SXEOLFH vQ FDGUXO MRFXULORU SROLWLFH L FDUDFWHUXO ORU VXSOHWLY vQ SHULRDGH GH
tensiune.
U
ns
DLE
WRULL SULYD L V
LL
WUHEXLH IRORVLWH vQ FDGUXO VWUDWHJLHL JHQHUDOH OD QLYHOXO WHULWRULXOXL ORFDOLW
3XQFWGHYHGHUHDFHSWDELOLDSDUHQWIDFLOGHDSOLFDWvQSUDFWLF
LJQRUDW IDSWXO F
I
'DUQXWUHEXLH
WUH DFWRUL
HQLORU
. I n sistemul de
DQVDPEOXO V
vQ
,
, bine
n UHOD LD SXEOLF privat se poate
, n documentele de asociere (contractele de concesiune)
armoniza doar
VXQW
SUHY
GDF
]XWH
VXSHUYL]RUDOFDOLW
$FHDVW
FODU
FRQGL LLOH
GH
LLH[HFX LHLLHFKLW
VFXUW
SDUWHQHULDW
LLVHUYLFLXOX
UROXO
HQWLW
LL
SXEOLFH
FD
i.
DSUHFLHP F
VH LQ
-economic
ODQLYHOXOFROHFWLYLW
LORUWHULWRULDOH
D HOHFWRULORU L WRWRGDW
GH
DF LXQH
WUDQVSXQHULLHLvQSUDFWLF
GDF
H[LVW
UHVXUVH
H[LVW
R
VWUDWHJLH
SHUWLQHQW
L
GLVSXQ
UHVXUVH
GH GRX
QHFHVDUH
contemSRUDQ
LQWHUQ
L
L VWU
ORFDO $WLQJHUHD
DO
DPEHOHDQJDMHD]
VXFFHVXOXL
D[H VWUDWHJLFH
SH
SODQ
vQ
YLLWRUXO
FRPSHWL LD
XUEDQ
DWUDFWLYLWDWH
ULLORFDOLW
GLIHUHQ LDO
LLFRPSHWL LH
1XPDL
FRPSHWLWLYLWDWHL
FXQRVFkQG
GRPHQLLOH
GH
DWUHLDVSHFWHDOHGH]YROW
SR]L LRQDUH
FRQFXUHQ
IXQGDPHQW
DWUDFWLYLWDWH
LQWHUDF LRQHD]
VWUDWHJLF
FD
DUH GRX
vQIDSWXOF
Bouinot J, Bermils B - Projet de ville et projet dentreprise. Fondation Roi Boudouin, L.G.D.I,
(coordonatori )
Paris, 1993, pag. 6.
R SROLWLF
ED]DW
SUREOHPHOHLGRULQ HOHV
ale.
,QFRQGL LLOHFRPXQLW
JHRJUDILFHH[LVW
GRX
- PHULFROXO
URUD V
LHXURSHQHXQLWHRGDW
SRVLELOLW
LORU ORFDOH
elector cu
FXGLVSDUL LDXQRUEDULHUH
LGHHURDUHvQDQDOL]DFRPSHWL LHL
DU]
L YHFLQH
UL L D F
pentru %UDRY - FD SULQFLSDO SURGXF WRU GH DXWRYHKLFXOH HURDUHD VWUDWHJLF
FRQVW n a considera drept ULYDOH vQ EUDQ GRDU ORFDOLW
L vQYHFLQDWH VDX alte
FHQWUHLGXVWULDOHGLQ DU Fnd n realitate t UHEXLHV VH identifice rivali printre
RUDHOHHuURSHQHFXSURILODVHP Q WRU
7UHEXLH
vQWUHSULQ]
LGHQWLILFH
ULPHVDXG
L
GLIHU
VH
DQDOL]H]H
DYDQWDMHOH
XWDWH
GH
e logistica sa.
1.3.1. &RPSHWL LD trebuie analizDW SHFDWHJRULLGHSLH H astfel;
a) 3LD DFUHWHULLLQWHUQHDLQWUHSULQGHULORUFDUHvQVHDPQ LQYHVWL LLFH
conduc la cr HHDUHDGHQRLORFXULGHPXQF UHGXFHUHDFRVWXULORU
b) 3LD DRFD]LLORUVHUHIHU OD analiza proceselor de delocalizare a
aFWLYLW LORU sau intreprinderilor. (VWH YRUED GH WUDQVIHUXO VSD LDO GH XQLW L GH
SURGXF LH ILH GLQ FDX]D XQXL PHGLX ORFDO LPSURSULX DIDFHULORU GHORFDOL]DUH
QHFHVLW
DW
ORFDOH HVWH V
SURSULX L V
-L
FRQVHUYH SRUWRIROLXO
DWUDJ
QRL vQWUHSULQ]
FDUH
D FROHFWLYLW
LORU
d)
DSDQDMXO DXWRULW
GHSR]L LHSHUWLQHQW
QD LRQDO ILQDQ DWH LQWHJUDOD VDX SDU LDO GH DXWULWDWHD QD LRQDO
SLOG
GH
LQWHUHV
XQLW
L GH vQY
QD LRQDO
HWF
RDU
5LVFXO
DSDUH
vQ
JHQHUDO
GDWRULW
ULL L IDFLOLW
e) 3LD
DUH]LGHQ LORUVHFDUDWHUL]H]
SULQXUP
SUR[LPLW
LL
WRDUHOH
GH
LD
WXU
ORFXLWRUQRXUHSUH]LQW
XQORFGHPXQF
QRX
- eVWHRSLD
vQWHUPHQLGHED]
OHQW
DOLPHQWDW
ILVFDO
vQ )UDQ D
un rezident/
GH]HFHRULPDLSX LQGHFkW
SULQVSRUXOQDWXUDODOSRSXOD LHLORFDOH
treprinderi),
- eVWHUHJOHPHQWDW SULQSURFHGXULGHSODQLILFDUHXUEDQ
- rLYDOLLWUHEXLHF XW LvQSULQFLSDOSULQWUHORFDOLW kOHvQYHFLQDWH
f) 3LD D GHULYDW D vPSUXPXWXULORU - DD FXP DP PDL VXEOLQLDW D IL
FRPSHWLWLY vQVHDPQ L D GLVSXQH GH UHVXUse fiscale sau tarifare. De cele mai
PXOWH RUL DFHVWH VXQW LQVXILFLHQWH L WUHEXLH V
QH FRQIUXQW
P FX OXSWD GH D RE LQH FRGL LL FkW PDL IDYRUDELOH GH vPSUXPXW
FDUHGHSLQGHGHFUHGLELOLWDWHDLFRWD LDORFDOLW
LL
DOHLORU ORFDOLW
%D]DHFRQRPLF
FDUHFRQVWLWXLHVXUVDGHSRWHQ LDOILVFDO
JHQHUDO
folosite,
-
*UDGXOGHvQGDWRUDUHLPRGXOFXPHVWHJHVWLR
&DSDFLWDWHDPDQDJHULDO
LSURIHVLRQDO
nat,
DIDFWRULORUUHVSRQVDELOL
g) 3LD
D UHVXUVHORU XPDQH
DXQHLORFDOLW
H HVWH
LVHGLIX]HD]
SHFDOHRUDO
GLQJXU
vQJXU
(matricea BCG)
HODERUDW
VO
ELFLXQLORUORFDOLW
LL6HSRDWHDSHODDVWIHOODPDWULFHDGHSR]L LRQDUH
FUHVFXW
P
VXUDW
4)
P
VXUDW
vQ
SULQ GLPHQVLXQHD
SULQ SRQGHUHD FLIUHL VDOH GH DIDFHUL vQ WRWDOXO FLIUHL GH
VDX VODE
LQWUDUHSHRUL]RQWDO
ELFLXQHSRUWRIROLXOXLLPSODQWXULORUSHGRPHQLLLVHFWRDUH
Ratingul MoodyVFXSULQGHQRX
UL D WXWX
ror
ULD VDX
SDOLHUHGHOD$DDOD&ILHFDUHFXWUHLVXEGLYL]LXQLSHFODVH
ANALIZA EXTERNA DE
ATRACTIVITATE
SLABA
RIDICATA
1. Vedeta
2. Dilema
(diva)
3.
9DF
(copilul cu probleme)
FXODSWH
4. Punct mort
PUTERNI CA
SLABA
PONDEREA PE PI ATA A PRODUSULUI
Fig 1.1. Matricea BCG GHSR]L
UDW
3R]L LDGHYHGHW
GHFUHWHUH vQDOW
LRQDUHDVHJPHQWHORUVWUDWH
gice
HVWHFDUDFWHULVWLF
L R SRQGHUH ULGLFDW
XQXLSURGXVVHUYLFLXWkQ
SH SLDW
UFXR
,PSDFWXO DFHVWHL VW
UL vQ
SROLWLFD GH LQYHVWL LL HVWH PDMRU GHRDUHFHVXQW QHFHVDUH LQYHVWL LL VHPQLILFDWLYH
GLQDPLF
$FHDVWDGHRDUHFHXQ
UDUHFD]XULOHFkQGDFHVWHDVXQWLQIHULRDUHLQYHVWL LLORUVROLFLWDWH
3R]L LD
LQYHVWL LL
IRORVHDVF
DOWRUDFWLYLW
LDIDFHUL
UHQWDELOLWDWH
vQ GHFOLQ VDX vQ UHFHVLXQH 3HQWUX SROLWLFD GH LQYHVWL LL R DVWIHO GH
or
RE LQXWHVSUHDOWHVHFWRDUH
3R]L LD 'LOHP
RFXSDW
LQYHVDWL LL SHQWUX D DYDQVDVSUH FDGUDQHOH L DVWIHO HVWH SRVLELO V
n pozL
area
3R]L LD
SH R SLD
WLH V
LD
FDG
intreprindere din sit- XO LQGXVWULDO DO ORFDOLW WLL vQ XQD GLQ FHOH SDW\UX VHFWRDUH
De exemplu; o intreprin- GHUH DUH SRQGHUHD [ SH SLD D SURGXVXOXL GXS
FULWHULXO DFWLYLW
DFWLYLW
VO
ELFLXQH 2 DQDOL]
PDL SURIXQG
VH UHDOL]HD]
GHDFWLYLW
DQDOL]
L
a)
VDX
LPDFURWHQGLQ HOH
HVWH IXQGDPHQWDW
UHWURVSHFWLY
IRU
L LQGXVWULDOH
L GH VHUYLFLL
L
SULYLQGFHUHUHDLRIHUWD
FXQRWLQ H
DOH
SRSXOD LHL
UH]LGHQWH
FDUH
SUHVXSXQH
DQDOL]D
PkQWXO FDOLILF
LVDX XQLYHUVLWDU
UHSDUWL LHL
ULORU LQYHQWDUXO
LQYHQWDUXO PHWRGHORU
ELODQ XO
decalajeloUvQWUHQHYRLLRIHUWDORFDO
e) - Portofoliul local de servicii publice presupune analiza capitalului
SHLVDJLVWLF ORFDOOL]LELOLWDWHFXU
HQLHDQLPDUHHWFLQYHQWDUXOVHUYLFLLORUUDUH
comunicare.
4.3.3. Analiza de pozi LH FDUH VHPQLILF atractivitatea
GLIHUHQ LDO
a ORFDOLW LL n raport cu zona limitrof , prin punerea n valoare a
WU V WXULORU VDOH VSHFLILFH FDUH o GLIHUHQ LD] GH ULYDOL GLQ SXQFW GH YHGHUH DO
DFWLYLW
GHILQLW
GLIHUHQ LDWFHDVLJXU
SR]L LDGRULW
(YDOXDUHDGLIHUHQ LDO
DGHY
VHGH]YROW
SHWUHLGLUHF LL
-un proiect
LH
DOH HGLILFLLORU SXEOLFH VDX SULYDWH OL]LELOLWDWH DQLPD LD ORFXULORU FHQWUDOH FD SROL
GHDWUDF LHFRPGLW
LGHGHSODVDUHHWF
FDUH H[SULP
SURILWDELOLWDWHD
RUDXOXL FD ORF SHQWUX LQYHVWL LL FRPHUFLDOH LQGXVWULDOH 3HQWUX DFHDVWD VH SRW
DGDSWDW
HFRQRPLF
IRUPD
DLQGLFDWRUXOXLYHQLWQHWDFWXDOL]DWSHQWUXHYDOXDUHDFRPSDUDWLY
HILFLHQ HLHFRQRPFHDLPSODQWXULORUvQWUHGRX
RUDH$L%HVWHXUP
VNA A = I0 A I0 B +
B
n care: I oA / I 0B -LQYHVWL
SUHF
h =1
(R
RhB
(1 + a )
D
WRDUHD
'DF
YHQLWXOQHWDFWXDOL]DWDVWIHOFDOFXODWHVWHPDLPDUHFD]HUR
91$!vQVHDPQ
F
ORFDOLWDWHD$HVWHSUHIHUDW
ORFDOLW
LL%
,Q XUPD VWDELOLULL RS LXQLORU VWUDWHJLFH VH WUHFH OD ID]D GH LPSOHPHQWDUH
SRUWRIROLX GH SURLHFWH ED]DW SH R SROLWLF
FDUH vQVHPQ
UDSRUWDW
FUHGLWHDOHSHULRDGHLFHHDFHvQVHDPQ
XQSODQGHILQDQ DUHPXOWLDQXDO
UL
,QYHVWL LLOH DGPLQLVWUD LHL SXEOLFH DX vQ YHGHUH DPHQDMDUHD WHULWRULXOXL
LQYHVWL LRQDO
WUHEXLH V
LQ
DF LXQH$FHDVWDvQVHDPQ
:
1 - 5HIHULUH VXLV JHQHULV OD VSD LX D F UXL RUJDQL]DUH HVWH DSDQDMXO
numai al gestiunii publice, QX L DO FHOH SULYDWH 3HQWUX vQWUHSULQ] WRULL SULYD L
WHULWRULXO ORFDOLW
LL QX HVWH RELHFW FL VXSRUW DO DF LXQLORU ORU (GLOL ORFDOL VXQW
ULL IRUP
ULL L S
L
2 FRQWUD]LF
VWU
LPSXQH
HFRQRPLF
FRG
GH
FRQGXLW
XQ
XWkQGX
-se economii de
SULQ FRQFHQWUDUHD RIHUWHORU VSD LDOH GH VHUYLFLL SXEOLFH $VWIHO R PDUH
ELEOLRWHF
vQWU XQ ORF FHQWUDO HVWH PDL SX LQ FRVWLVLWRDUH GHFkW Q ELEOLRWHFL
consumatori.
,DW
GHFHJHRJUDILDRIHUWHORUWUHEXLHFDODW
SDU
fiscalitaWHD ORFDO
DGDSWDW
2YL]LXQHRULJLQDO
7UDVHXOGHODLGHLHODSUDFWLF
e ntre
SHJHRJUDILDQHYRLORULQX
ILH HFKLWDELO
GH
3-
GLVFULPLQDU
UDFL
DVXSUDSURFHVXOXLGHLPSOHPHQWDUHDVWUDWHJLHL
WUHEXLHV
DLEDXUP
LVRFLR
VSD
VDWLVIDFHUHDXQRUFULWHULLGHHILFLHQ
$FHVWHRELHFWLYHGDXLPDJLQHDRULJLQDOLW
WRDUHOHFRRUGRQ
LDOH
FROHFWLY
LLGHPHUVXULORUVWUDWHJLFHL
LQYHVWL LRQDOH DOH DGPLQLVWUD LHL SXEOLFH 8OWLPXO SXQH vQ HYLGHQ
FULWHULXOFRVWEHQILFLLFHRSHUHD]
ate:
vQVHFWRUXOSULYDW
LPSRUWDQ D
ED]DW
SH
LQIOXLHQ HD]
QHJDWLY
SURGXFWLYLWDWHD
VDODULD LORU
$FHVWH
factori ce
FRVWXUL
GLIX]H
DPSODVDPHQWXOXLvQ]RQ
WHULWRULXOXLGH]YROW
GHF
WUHvQWUHSULQ]
WRULSULYD L,GHLDGHDPHQDMDUHD
JUDGXDOvQJHVWLXQHDXUEDQ
DVWIHOSURLHFWXORUDX
lui (plan
mateULDOL]DUHDSULPHORUGRX
,QWUHE
1.
SURLHFWH
ULWHVW
SURSULH
FDX]
LHIHFWDOQHJ
2. &DUHVXQWWU V WXULOHVSHFLILFHDOHVHUYLLORUSXEOLFH"
3. De ce, penetratea domeniului serviciilor SXEOLFH GH F
4.
ULLDGRX
GLQSULQFLSLLOHGHILQLWRULLDOHVHUYLFLXOXLSXEOLF"
&XP SHUFHSH L SR]L LD DJHQWXOXL HFRQRPLFH SULYDW SUHVWDWRU GH VHUYLFLL SXEOLFH
UHDOQUHDO LDVDFXSXEOLFXOFRQVXPDWRU"
LXOWUHEXLH