Calculul dinamic

Date generale
nr.locuri 5
roti 215/75R15
viteza maxima 230 km/h
raza de rulare a rotii 304.25 mm
coeficientul aerodinamic 0.28 -
ceof.rezistentei la rulare 0.018 -
constanta g 9.81 m/s
coef. aderenta 0.75 -
randamentul transmisiei 0.92 -

Dimensiuni de gabarit
lungime 4710 mm
latime 1820 mm 2.26592
inaltime H 1460 mm
ampatament L 2800 mm
ecartamanet B 1552 mm
a/L 0.68 1904
hg/L 0.23 644

Mase Repartizarea maselor pe punti

masa proprie 1550 kg m_1 656 kg G_1
masa utila 500 kg m_2 1394 kg G_2
masa totala 2050 kg

Rezistentele la inaintare
Rezistenta la rulare
v[km/h] v[m/s] Rr [N] Pr [W]
0 0.0 362 0 Rezistenta la rulare
20 5.6 362 2011 400
40 11.1 362 4022

Rr [N]
350
60 16.7 362 6033
300
80 22.2 362 8044
250
200
150
100
50
 Rezistenta la rulare
400

Rr [N]
350
300
100 27.8 362 10055 250
120 33.3 362 12066 200
140 38.9 362 14077 150
160 44.4 362 16088
100
180 50.0 362 18099
200 55.6 362 20111 50
220 61.1 362 22122 0
230 63.9 362 23127 0 50 100 150 200
v [km/h]

Rezistenta aerului
v[km/h] v[m/s] Ra [N] Pa [W]
0 0 0 0 Rezistenta aerului
10 2.8 3 8 1800
20 5.6 12 67 1600

Ra [N]
30 8.3 27 225 1400
40 11.1 48 533
1200
50 13.9 75 1041
60 16.7 108 1799 1000
70 19.4 147 2857 800
80 22.2 192 4265 600
90 25.0 243 6072 400
100 27.8 300 8329 200
110 30.6 363 11086
0
120 33.3 432 14393 0 50 100 150 200 25
130 36.1 507 18299 v [km/h]
140 38.9 588 22855
150 41.7 675 28111
160 44.4 768 34116
170 47.2 867 40921
180 50.0 972 48576
190 52.8 1082 57130
 200 55.6 1199 66633
210 58.3 1322 77136
220 61.1 1451 88689
230 63.9 1586 101341

Reactiunile caii de rulare de rulare asupra rotilor autovehiculelor

Reactiunle normale la limita de aderenta
cazul punte motoare spate
m_1 0.852878465
m_2 1.069233664
Z_1 5489 N
Z_2 14622 N

Performantele autovehiculelor pe roti

Determinarea caracteristicii exterioare pe cale analitica
Puterea necesara deplasarii cu viteza maxima
P_vmax 135.3 kW
Parametrii motorului. consumul specific la turatia de putere maxima
turatia minima 700 rot/min cep 220
turatia de moment motor maxim 1900 rot/min
turatia de consum specific minim 1700 rot/min ca 1.2625
turatia de putere maxima 4000 rot/min
turatia maxima 4200 rot/min
Determinarea coeficientilor
coeficientul de elasticitate 0.475
coeficientul alfa 1.04761905
coeficientul beta 0.9047619
coeficientul gama 0.95238095
Puterea maxima a motorului
P_max 136 kW 184.9 CP 450
Caracteristica exterioara a motorului

Momentul [N*m]
Caracteri
n [rot/min] P [kW] M [Nm] ce [g/kWh] P*t Ch [kg/h]
400
700 28 382 231 25.8 6.5
870 35 390 224 32.6 8.0
160 350
1040 43 396 219 39.6 9.4
1210 51 401 214 46.7 10.8
1380 58 405 209 53.8 12.2 140 300
1550 66 408 205 60.8 13.6
1720 74 409 202 67.8 14.9 120 250
1890 81 410 199 74.6 16.2

P [k W]
2060 88 410 197 81.2 17.4 200
100
2230 95 408 196 87.6 18.7
2400 102 405 195 93.6 19.9 150
80
2570 108 401 195 99.3 21.1
2740 114 396 196 104.6 22.3
100
2910 119 390 197 109.4 23.4 60
3080 124 383 199 113.6 24.6
3250 127 375 201 117.3 25.7 50
40
3420 131 365 205 120.3 26.8
3590 133 355 208 122.7 27.8 0
20 500
3760 135 343 213 124.2 28.7

0
500 1000 1500
 50
40

0
20 500

3930 136 330 218 125.0 29.6

4100 136 316 223 124.9 30.3 0
500 1000 1500
4200 135 308 227 124.5 30.7
 Bilantul de trac
12

10

R [N]
8

0
0 2 4 6 8
Viteza [km/h]

Bilantul d
12

P [kW]
10

0
0 2 4 6
Viteza [km/h]
P[
8

0
0 2 4 6
Viteza [km/h]
 Timpul de demarare

Timpul [s]
12

10

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Viteza [km/h]
 Spatiul de demarare

Spatiul [m]
12

10

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Viteza [km/h]

Coef de aderenta

S p a tiu l d e f ra n a re [ m ]
0,75
0,6
0,45
0,3

S
12
 S p a tiu l d e f ra n a re [ m ]
0,2

S
12

10

0
0 2

Coef de aderenta Column1 Column2 Column3 Column4 Column5 Column6

Tim p u l d e f ra n a re [s ]
0,75
0,6
0,45
0,3
0,2

Timpul de franar
12

10

4
Tim p u l d e f ra
Timpul de franar
12

10

0
0 2 4 6 8 10
Viteza initiala [km/h]
 6435.36 N
13675.14 N

nta la rulare Puterea consumata prin rularea rotii

25000
Pr [W]

20000
15000
10000
5000
nta la rulare Puterea consumata prin rularea rotii
25000

Pr [W]
20000
15000

10000
5000
0
0 50 100 150 200 250
150 200 250 v [km/h]
[km/h]

a aerului Puterea consumata prin interactiunea cu atmosfera

120000
Pa [N]

100000
80000
60000
40000
20000
0
0 50 100 150 200 250
v [km/h]
150 200 250
/h]
Rezistenta la demarare
momente de inertie
Im 0.035
IR 0.35
 Caracteristica exterioara a motorului
450 160
Momentul [N*m]

Caracteristica exterioara a motorului

400 140

160 350
120

140 300
100

250 Momentul
120
80 Cons spec
P [k W]

100
200 Puterea

60
150
80

40
100
60

50 20
40

0 0
20 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500
Turatia [rot/min]

0
500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500

n [rot/m in]
 50 20
40

0 0
20 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500
Turatia [rot/min]

0
500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500

n [rot/m in]
lantul de tractiune

Rrul
Rrul+
Ra
Fr6

4 6 8 10 12
Viteza [km/h]

Bilantul de putere

Prul
Pr+
Pa
Pr_6

2 4 6 8 10 12
Viteza [km/h]
 Prul
Pr+
Pa
Pr_6

2 4 6 8 10 12
Viteza [km/h]

Caracteristica dinamica
12

10
D [-]

D
8 1

Acceleratia [m /s]
D
6
2

4 D
3
2 Caracteristica
D
4
acceleratiilor
12
0
0 2 4 10 6 8 10 12
Viteza [km/h] a
8 1
a
6
2

4 a
3
2 a
4
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Viteza [km/h]
1/1 [s^2/m]

Inversul acceleratiilor
12

10
1/a
1/1 [s^2/m]
Inversul acceleratiilor
12

10
1/a
8 1
1/a
6 2
1/a
4
3
2 1/a
4
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Viteza [km/h]
marare

8 10 12
are

10 12
S p a tiu l d e f ra n a re [ m ]

Chart Title
spatiul [m]

12

10

6
Spatiul minim de franare
12
4
 S p a tiu l d e f ra n a re [ m ]
Chart Title

spatiul [m]
12

10

6
Spatiul minim de franare
12
4
10

8 2
Colu
mn C
6 0
0 2 4 6
Colu 8 10 12
4
Viteza
mn [k/h]
2 D

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
12 Viteza initiala [km/h]

10

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12

pul de franare minim

Colu
mn C

Colu
mn
pul de franare minim

Colu
mn C

Colu
mn
D

4 6 8 10 12
Viteza initiala [km/h]
 Caracteristica dinamica a autovehiculului

12

10

D [-]
6

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
v [km /h]
10 12
Date Valori U.M.
i 4
16.5 Ke 0.55
D 85 mm psi 1.08
S 91.8 mm
nm 2300 rpm
np 4182 rpm
/ 0 grd 554.53
r 45.9 mm
Vs 520.92 cmc
Vt 2084 cmc
Vk 33.61 cmc
1.0800
437.92 rad/s
25091 grd/s
wp 12.80 m/s
Nc 34.85 cicl/s
Nc 2091 cicl/min
Nc 125455 cicl/h
tc 0.02870 s/cicl
tc ### min/cicl
tc ### h/cicl
[Adoptat] 0.25380711
l 181 mm
Procesul de admisie

P0 0.15 Mpa
T0 293 K
Pg 0.11 MPa
Tg 1000 K
1.1
sa 0.5
pu 0.15
d0a/0 0.4
SLsa 0.001 mp
a 250 RAC
Ka 1.35
afp 320 m/s
a 5
1.26
v 0.7548
ST 7.733
DR 18.789
 pga 0.142 MPa
pa 0.106 MPa
r 0.01837
Ta 336 K
wga 43 m/s
wsa 131.540 m/s
ussa 0.15 mp*RAC
uslsa 0.18 m*RAC/2
cofp 354.5 Kg/h
cfp 267.6 Kg/h
afp ### Kmol/ciclu*cil
m0fp 0.70 g/ciclu*cil
mfp 0.53 g/ciclu*cil
a ### Kmol/ciclu*cil
fp ### Kmol/ciclu*cil
gr ### Kmol/ciclu*cil
ai ### Kmol/ciclu*cil
ST-DR ###

Capitolul Calculul procesului de comprimare

V P Denumirea marimii
RAC cmc Mpa Exponentu
180 554.53 0.1060 al comprimarii
195 547.87 0.1078 Unghiul de intarziere
210 527.90 0.1133 la i.s.a
225 494.77 0.1237 Unghiul de avans la
240 449.09 0.1410 declansarea scanteii
255 392.32 0.1692
270 327.12 0.2162 a
285 257.49 0.2987 a'
300 188.63 0.4547 c'
315 126.42 0.7805 d
330 76.77 1.5305 c''
345 44.70 3.1764
360 33.61 4.6678

Diagrama
Presiunea

Calcul duratei procesului 5.0000

4.5000
comp 90 RAC 4.0000
3.5000
3.0000
2.5000
2.0000
1.5000
 Diagrama

Presiunea
5.0000
4.5000
4.0000
xp comp 78.457 mm 3.5000
t 0.00359 s 3.0000
2.5000
2.0000
Unghiul[RAC P[MPa] V[cmc] T[K]
1.5000
a 0.1060 554.53 336
a' 0.1410 449.09 362 1.0000
c' 1.5305 76.77 672 0.5000
d 3.8946 40.73 839 0.0000
c'' 4.6678 33.61 897 0.00 100.00 200.00 3
Vo

Capitolul 4 Calculul procesului de ardere

Parametrii procesului de ardere

Column1 Column2 Column3 Column4 Column5
Parametrul Simbol U.M. Valori Adoptat
Unghiul de avans la s(i) RAC 2540 30
declansarea scant
Unghiul de inceput d RAC 340356 350
al arderii
Vit medie de p. Mpa/RAC 0.2..0.6 0.21
crestere a pres.
Rap de crestere 1.6..2.8 2.6
a presiunii
Coef de utilizare u 0,88..0,94 0.9
a caldurii
Presiunea maxima a Py Mpa 58.5
ciclului real
Temperatura pct y Ty k 1500..1800
Coef de deg a cald v 0.2..0.5 0.35
in faza ard. rap.
Coef de deg a cald p 0,4..0,7 0.65
in faza ard. izobare
Temp max a ciclului Ty' k 18002200
real
Intinderea arderii y'-y RAC 410 10
izobare
Ungh. de sfarsit t RAC 380400 390
al arderii
Ungh. de sfarsit y RAC 370..380 370
al arderii rapide
Vit medie de ardere r %RAC 37 5
in faza arderii rapide
Vit medie de ardere m %RAC 12.5 1.8
in faza arerii moderate

Calcule
Denumire Valoare U.M.
O2 min 0.107 kmol O2/kg comb
O2 min 1.891 kg O2/kg comb
Lmin 0.497 kmol aer/kgcomb
L* min 14.396 kg aer/kg comb
c 0.004 kmol/kg comb
i 0.631 kmol/kg comb
ai 0.642 kmol/kg comb
c 0.845
ga 0.544 kmoli
t 0.847
Qin 59028 kJ/kg
Qiam 3084 kJ/kg
Qu 53125 kJ/kg
d 18 RAC
d 0.001 s
Pc 6.415 Mpa
y 372 RAC
Py 10.126 Mpa
d 1.201
y 1.201
mdc 2.726
mcy -2.494
Tc 1151 K
Ty 2272 K
Cvai 21.776
Cvga 28.033
Qdy 23060
Qu 65886
Qyy' 27837
Qy't 14989
B 43348
Vy 40.728 cmc
Vy' 53.182 cmc
y' 380.000 RAC
Ty' 2966 k
yy' 1.306
y' 1.568
y't 2.461
 t 3.859
y' 380 RAC
t 405 RAC
Pt 4.114
r 24 RAC
r 0.001 s
r 0.018 kj/kjRAC
m 33.27 RAC
m 0.001 s
m 21.627 kj/kjRAC
Column1 Column2 Column3 Column4 Column5 Column6
Formula de calcul Valoric Gi Mi[kg gaz/kmol]i=Gi/Mi
>1 <1
CO2 3.13133333 3.2133 3.1313 44 0.0712
CO 0.0083 0.0083 28 0.0003
H2O 1.278 1.278 1.278 18 0.0710
O2 32
N2 0.3673 0.3673 28 0.0131

Suma Gi 4.785
Suma i 0.1556
Suma i bi 0.00061736
R 8314 J/kmol*K
Mga 30.755 kg gaz/kmol gaz
Rga 270.3 J/kg*K
bga 0.0040 kj/kmol*k^2

Capitolul 5 Procesul de destindere

Parametrul Simbol U.M. Valori Adoptat
MAS MAC
Exponentul mediu polit md 1,28..1,38 1,281,37 1.28
al destinderii
Presiunea la sfarsi Pu Mpa 0,30,5 0,20,4
destinderii
Temperatura la sfarTu K 12001600 9001200
destinderii
Avansul la deschi DSE RAC 40..80 30.70 40
S.E.

[RAC] vx[cmc] P[MPa]

360 33.61 11.844 Vt 76.765981
375 44.70 8.222
Presiunea [MPa]

390 76.77 4.114

405 126.42 2.173 Procesul de des
14.000

12.000

10.000
 Presiunea [MPa]
420 188.63 1.302
Procesul de des
14.000
435 257.49 0.874
450 327.12 0.643
12.000
465 392.32 0.510
480 449.09 0.429
495 494.77 0.379 10.000
500 507.25 0.367
515 536.03 0.342 8.000
540 554.53 0.327
6.000

4.000
Pu* 0.27 Mpa
Tu* 848.54 K 2.000
tu* 74.73 RAC
tu' 0.0030 s 0.000
0.00 100.00 200.00 300.00 4
Volumul [cmc]

Capitolul 6

[RAC] V [cmc] P [MPa] Li [J]

0 34 0.150
15 45 0.110 1.442
30 77 0.110 3.528
45 126 0.110 5.462
60 189 0.110 6.843
75 257 0.110 7.575
90 327 0.110 7.659
105 392 0.110 7.172
120 449 0.110 6.245
135 495 0.110 5.025
150 528 0.110 3.644
165 548 0.110 2.197
180 555 0.110 0.733
Presiunea [MPa]

195 548 0.108 -0.725

210 528 0.113 -2.208
225
240
495
449
0.124
0.141
-3.926
-6.045
Diagrama
12.000
255 392 0.169 -8.804
270 327 0.216 -12.565
10.000
285 257 0.299 -17.928
300 189 0.455 -25.943
8.000
315 126 0.780 -38.418
330 77 1.530 -57.375
6.000
345 45 3.176 -75.472
360 34 4.668 -43.492
4.000
375 45 10.126 82.025
390 77 8.222 294.204
2.000

0.000
0 90 180 270 36
[R
 6.000

4.000

2.000
405 126 4.114 306.285
420 189 2.173 581.384 0.000
435 257 1.302 119.641 0 90 180 270 36
450 327 0.874 75.750 [R
465 392 0.643 49.469
480 449 0.510 32.736
495 495 0.429 21.442
510 528 0.379 13.380
525 548 0.367 7.448
540 555 0.342 2.361
555 548 0.327 -2.229
570 528 0.150 -4.767
585 495 0.150 -4.969
600 449 0.150 -6.852
615 392 0.150 -8.515
630 327 0.150 -9.780
645 257 0.150 -10.444
660 189 0.150 -10.330
675 126 0.150 -9.331
690 77 0.150 -7.448
705 45 0.150 -4.810
720 34 0.150 -1.663

Suma de Li 1269.607
pmi 2.43724273
i 0.56019785
ci 109 g/kWh
Pi 177 kW
Calculul indicilor efectivi
m 0.78
Presiunea mediePe 1.901 Mpa
Randamentul efee 0.437
Consumul specifCe 139.58 g/kWh
Puterea efectivPe 138.04 kW
Calculul indicilor de perfectiune
Puterea litrica Pl 66.25 kW/l 90.0982
Puterea pe cilin Pe1 34.51 kW/cil
Puterea rap la arPa 60.82 kW/dmp

Capitolul 7 Caracteristica exterioara a motorului

Coeficientul de elas ce 0.5500 Motor
Puterea motorului Pe 138 kW MAC
Coef de adaptabili Ca 1.23
Momentul motor ef Me 315 N*m

Caracteristca exterioara a motorului

n [rot/min] Pe [kW] Me [N*m] Ce [g/kWh] Cc [kg/h]
700 24.5 334.9 147 3.61
850 30.6 344.1 144 4.40
1000 36.9 352.3 140 5.18
1150 43.3 359.7 138 5.96
1300 49.8 366.1 135 6.72
1450 56.4 371.7 133 7.48
1600 63.1 376.4 130 8.22
1750 69.7 380.1 129 8.96
1900 76.2 383.0 127 9.69
2050 82.6 384.9 126 10.40
2200 88.9 386.0 125 11.11
2350 95.0 386.1 124 11.81
2500 100.9 385.4 124 12.50
2650 106.5 383.7 124 13.19
2800 111.8 381.2 124 13.87
2950 116.7 377.7 125 14.54
3100 121.2 373.4 125 15.20
3250 125.3 368.1 126 15.84
3400 128.9 361.9 128 16.47
3550 131.9 354.9 129 17.08
3800 135.7 341.1 133 18.03
Capitolul 8 Cinematica mecanismului motor

8.1 Cinematica Pistonului

alfa xpI xpII xp wpI wpII

0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
15 1.56 0.39 1.95 5.20 1.28
30 6.15 1.46 7.61 10.05 2.21
45 13.44 2.91 16.36 14.21 2.55
 60 22.95 4.37 27.32 17.41 2.21
75 34.02 5.43 39.45 19.42 1.28
90 45.90 5.82 51.72 20.10 0.00
105 57.78 5.43 63.21 19.42 -1.28
120 68.85 4.37 73.22 17.41 -2.21
135 78.36 2.91 81.27 14.21 -2.55
150 85.65 1.46 87.11 10.05 -2.21
165 90.24 0.39 90.63 5.20 -1.28
180 91.80 0.00 91.80 0.00 0.00
195 90.24 0.39 90.63 -5.20 1.28
210 85.65 1.46 87.11 -10.05 2.21
225 78.36 2.91 81.27 -14.21 2.55
240 68.85 4.37 73.22 -17.41 2.21
255 57.78 5.43 63.21 -19.42 1.28
270 45.90 5.82 51.72 -20.10 0.00
285 34.02 5.43 39.45 -19.42 -1.28
300 22.95 4.37 27.32 -17.41 -2.21
315 13.44 2.91 16.36 -14.21 -2.55
330 6.15 1.46 7.61 -10.05 -2.21
345 1.56 0.39 1.95 -5.20 -1.28
360 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Xp ,Xp I,Xp II [m m ]

Deplasarea pistonului
100.00
90.00
80.00
70.00
60.00
50.00
40.00
30.00
20.00
10.00
0.00
0 90 180 270 360
[RAC]
 a p ,a p I,a p II [m /s^ 2]
Acc
15000

10000

5000
8.2 Cinematica bielei
Spatiul unghiular al bielei 0
Viteza unghiularaAccel unghiulara
0 90
[RAC] U.M. b U.M. b
0 0.000 111 rad/s 0 -5000
15 3.766 grd 108 rad/s -11863
30 7.291 grd 97 rad/s -23330-10000
45 10.339 grd 80 rad/s -33821
60 12.697 grd 57 rad/s -42478
75 14.191 grd 30 rad/s -48272
90 14.703 grd 0 rad/s -50321
105 14.191 grd -30 rad/s -48272
120 12.697 grd -57 rad/s -42478
135 10.339 grd -80 rad/s -33821
150 7.291 grd -97 rad/s -23330
165 3.766 grd -108 rad/s -11863
180 0.000 grd -111 rad/s 0
195 -3.766 grd -108 rad/s 11863
210 -7.291 grd -97 rad/s 23330
225 -10.339 grd -80 rad/s 33821
240 -12.697 grd -57 rad/s 42478
255 -14.191 grd -30 rad/s 48272
270 -14.703 grd 0 rad/s 50321
285 -14.191 grd 30 rad/s 48272
300 -12.697 grd 57 rad/s 42478
315 -10.339 grd 80 rad/s 33821
330 -7.291 grd 97 rad/s 23330
345 -3.766 grd 108 rad/s 11863
V it e z a u n g h iu la r a [ r a d / s ]

360 0.000 grd 111 rad/s 0

Spatiul unghiular al bielei

[grd]

20.000
Viteza unghiular
10.000 150
100
0.000 50
0 90 180 270 360
0
-10.000 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 2
-50
[RAC]
-20.000 -100
-150 [RAC]
 20.000

[g

V it e z a
Viteza unghiular
10.000 150
100
0.000 50
0 90 180 270 360
0
-10.000 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 2
-50
[RAC]
-20.000 -100
-150 [RAC]

A c c e le r a t ia u n g h iu la ra [ ra d / s ^ 2 ]

Acceleratia unghiulara a bielei

60000
40000
20000
0
0 30 60 90 120150180210240270300330360390
-20000
-40000
[RAC]
-60000

Dinamica mecanismului motor

Forta de presiune a gazelor Fortele de inertie

Fortele de inertie ale maselor aflate in miscare s

[RAC] Fp [RAC] Fj F N
0 283.73 0 -8902 -8619 0
15 56.75 15 -8419 -8362 -551
30 56.75 30 -7050 -6993 -895
45 56.75 45 -5021 -4964 -906
60 56.75 60 -2649 -2592 -584
75 56.75 75 -277 -220 -56
90 56.75 90 1802 1859 488
105 56.75 105 3398 3455 874
120 56.75 120 4451 4508 1016
135 56.75 135 5021 5077 926
150 56.75 150 5248 5305 679
165 56.75 165 5298 5354 352
180 56.75 180 5298 5355 0
195 44.23 195 5298 5342 -352
210 75.67 210 5248 5324 -681
225 134.48 225 5021 5155 -940
 240 232.54 240 4451 4684 -1055
255 392.66 255 3398 3791 -959
270 659.64 270 1802 2462 -646
285 1127.65 285 -277 851 -215
300 2012.82 300 -2649 -636 143
315 3861.24 315 -5021 -1159 212
330 8117.23 330 -7050 1067 -137
345 17456.87 345 -8419 9038 -595
360 25919.97 360 -8902 17018 0
375 56892.88 375 -8419 48474 3191
390 46088.34 390 -7050 39038 4994
405 22780.20 405 -5021 17760 3240
420 11761.61 420 -2649 9113 2053
435 6819.84 435 -277 6543 1655
450 4392.49 450 1802 6195 1625
465 3083.73 465 3398 6482 1639
480 2325.91 480 4451 6777 1527
495 1866.30 495 5021 6887 1256
510 1582.49 510 5248 6830 874
525 1515.01 525 5298 6813 448
540 1372.99 540 5298 6671 0
555 1290.52 555 5298 6588 -434
570 283.73 570 5248 5532 -708
585 283.73 585 5021 5304 -968
600 283.73 600 4451 4735 -1067
615 283.73 615 3398 3682 -931
630 283.73 630 1802 2086 -547
645 283.73 645 -277 7 -2
660 283.73 660 -2649 -2365 533
675 283.73 675 -5021 -4737 864
690 283.73 690 -7050 -6766 866
705 283.73 705 -8419 -8135 536
720 283.73 720 -8902 -8619 0

Frb 3167.92381 N
RM mediu 1559 N

50000
Diagram
Rfm [N]

45000 Diagrama fusului maneton 60000

N,B [N]

40000 50000
35000
40000
30000
30000
25000
20000
20000
10000
15000
0
10000 0 90 180 270 360 450
-10000
5000 [RAC]
-20000
0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
[RAC]
15000
10000
5000
0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
[RAC]

Diagrama Fp,Fj,F
Fp,F,Fj [N] 70000
60000
50000
40000
F
30000
p
20000 F
10000 j
0
0 90 180 270 360 450 540 630 720
-10000
[RAC]
-20000
Capitolul 10. Calculul volantului
Coeficienti
1.5
0.3
n 1 Discuri
ps 0.5 Mpa pt fibre de Kevlar sau sticla
ps 1.5 MPa garnituri metalo-ceramice
c 0.6

De 18.9 cm Nr elem Zss

Di 11.3 cm 1 0
Anec 179.1 cm^2 2 0
3 0
4 0
Conform STAS 7793/83 se adopta:

De 200 mm
Di 130 mm
Anec 181 cm^2

Km 34 N*m/mmdesen Momentul moto

K 0.01745329 grd/mmdesen 800
L
Msum [N*m]

28.4837734 mm^2
700

600
Cu volant
0.0085 500
max 440 rad/s
min 436 rad/s 400
n max 4199 rot/min
300

200

100

0
0 45 90 135 180 225 270
 600

Msum
500

400

300
n min 4164 rot/min
200

100
0.0125
0
0.0033333333 0 45 90 135 180 225 270
-100
[RAC]
-200
dim supapa admisie dim supapa evac
denumirval um denumireval um
Ds 42.5 mm Ds 36.55 mm
Ds*=D0 36.763 mm Ds*=D0 31.616 mm
lung sed 3.6763 mm lung sedi 3.4777 mm
raza de 11.029 mm raza de r 9.1686 mm
diam tij 7.3525 mm diam tija 7.9039 mm
lung su 110.29 mm lung sup 94.847 mm
inalt cil 1.2867 mm inalt cil a 0.9485 mm
inalt tot 3.6763 mm inalt tota 3.7939 mm
inalt ma 9.1906 mm inalt max 6.9555 mm
 Denumirea marimii Simbol U.M. Valori Adoptat
politropic mc 1,32..1,38 1.35
al comprimarii
Unghiul de intarziere isa RAC 4085 60

Unghiul de avans la s(i) RAC 26.40 30

declansarea scanteii

180 RAC
240 RAC
330 RAC
348 RAC
360 RAC

Diagrama comprimarii
Presiunea

5.0000
4.5000
4.0000
3.5000
3.0000
2.5000
2.0000
1.5000
 Diagrama comprimarii
Presiunea

5.0000
4.5000
4.0000
3.5000
3.0000
2.5000
2.0000
1.5000
1.0000
0.5000
0.0000
0.00 100.00 200.00 300.00 400.00 500.00 600.00
Volumul

combustibil compozitie oxigen minim L min

c h O kmol/kg kg/kg kmol/kg
benzina 0.854 0.142 0.004 0.1065 3.408 0.5073
Motorina 0.857 0.133 0.01 0.1043 3.337 0.4966
Column7 Column8
bi [kj/kmol*K^2] vibi

0.00335 0.000238
0.00209 6.20E-007
0.00502 0.000356
0.00167 0
0.00167 2.19E-005

vol ocupat de cil in pct t

Procesul de destindere
 Procesul de destindere

0 100.00 200.00 300.00 400.00 500.00 600.00

Volumul [cmc]
Presiunea [MPa]

Diagrama indicata
12.000

10.000

8.000

6.000

4.000

2.000

0.000
0 90 180 270 360 450 540 630 720
[RAC]
6.000

4.000

2.000

0.000
0 90 180 270 360 450 540 630 720
[RAC]

Diagrama indicata
11.000

10.000

9.000
Presiunea [MPa]

8.000

7.000

6.000

5.000

4.000

3.000

2.000

1.000

0.000
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
 2.000

1.000

0.000
motorului 0 100 200 300 400 500 600
Vs [cmc]

Coeficient valoare
a 0.888889
b 1.222222
c -1.111111

c o n s e f e c tiv [g /k W h ]
Caracteristica de dinamicitate Puterea [kW]
400.0 140.0
Caracteris
120.0 320
380.0
100.0 300
360.0 80.0 280
Momentul 260
340.0 60.0
Puterea 240
40.0 220
320.0
20.0 200
180
300.0 0.0
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 160
Turatia [rot/min] 0 1000 2000 3000
Turatia [rot/min]

wp apI apII ap
0.00 8802 2234 11036
6.48 8502 1935 10437
12.26 7623 1117 8740
16.76 6224 0 6224
 19.62 4401 -1117 3284
20.69 2278 -1935 343
20.10 0 -2234 -2234
18.14 -2278 -1935 -4213
15.20 -4401 -1117 -5518
11.66 -6224 0 -6224
7.84 -7623 1117 -6506
3.93 -8502 1935 -6568
0.00 -8802 2234 -6568
-3.93 -8502 1935 -6568
-7.84 -7623 1117 -6506
-11.66 -6224 0 -6224
-15.20 -4401 -1117 -5518
-18.14 -2278 -1935 -4213
-20.10 0 -2234 -2234
-20.69 2278 -1935 343
-19.62 4401 -1117 3284
-16.76 6224 0 6224
-12.26 7623 1117 8740
-6.48 8502 1935 10437
0.00 8802 2234 11036
Wp ,W p I,W p II [m m ]

Deplasarea pistonului Viteza pistonului

25.00
20.00
15.00
10.00
5.00 WpI
0.00 WpI
XpI 0 90 180 270 360 I
-5.00
XpII Wp
-10.00
Xp -15.00
-20.00
[RAC]
-25.00
90 180 270 360
[RAC]
 a p ,a p I,a p II [m /s^ 2]

Acceleratia pistonului
15000

10000

5000 apI
apII
0
Accel unghiulara
0 90 180 270 360 ap
U.M.
-5000
rad/s^2
rad/s^2 [RAC]
-10000
rad/s^2
rad/s^2
rad/s^2
rad/s^2
rad/s^2
rad/s^2
rad/s^2
rad/s^2
rad/s^2
rad/s^2
rad/s^2
rad/s^2
rad/s^2
rad/s^2
rad/s^2
rad/s^2
rad/s^2
rad/s^2
rad/s^2
rad/s^2
rad/s^2
rad/s^2
V it e z a u n g h iu la r a [ r a d / s ]

rad/s^2

Viteza unghiulara a bielei

150
100
50
0
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360
-50
-100
-150 [RAC]
V it e z a
Viteza unghiulara a bielei
150
100
50
0
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360
-50
-100
-150 [RAC]

iulara a bielei

0300330360390

Fortele de inertie

de inertie ale maselor aflate in miscare se translatFortele rezultante din mecanismul motor
B Z T M Zb Rm Rfmx Rfmy
-8619 -8619 0 0 -5451 5451 0 11786.6
-8380 -7935 -2696 -123749 -4767 5477 -2696 11102.8
-7050 -5609 -4272 -196062 -2441 4920 -4272 8777.0
-5046 -2870 -4150 -190501 298 4161 -4150 6037.6
-2657 -790 -2537 -116452 2378 3477 -2537 3958.3
-227 -3 -227 -10428 3165 3173 -227 3171.1
1922 -488 1859 85321 2680 3262 1859 3655.7
3564 -1738 3111 142806 1430 3424 3111 4906.1
4621 -3134 3396 155883 34 3396 3396 6301.5
5161 -4245 2935 134730 -1077 3127 2935 7413.2
5348 -4933 2065 94766 -1765 2716 2065 8101.3
5366 -5263 1045 47981 -2095 2342 1045 8431.1
5355 -5355 0 0 -2187 2187 0 8522.8
5353 -5251 -1043 -47869 -2083 2329 -1043 8418.8
5367 -4951 -2072 -95104 -1783 2734 -2072 8118.9
5240 -4310 -2980 -136792 -1142 3192 -2980 7478.2
 4801 -3256 -3529 -161962 -88 3530 -3529 6423.7
3910 -1907 -3414 -156690 1261 3639 -3414 5075.1
2545 -646 -2462 -112994 2522 3524 -2462 3813.9
877 12 -877 -40269 3180 3299 -877 3155.5
-652 -194 623 28582 2974 3038 623 3361.9
-1179 -670 969 44495 2498 2679 969 3838.2
1076 856 -652 -29918 4024 4076 -652 2312.0
9057 8576 -2914 -133747 11744 12100 -2914 -5408.0
17018 17018 0 0 20186 20186 0 -13849.7
48579 46822 15628 717342 49990 52376 15628 -43654.2
39356 33808 23844 1094461 36976 43998 23844 -30640.2
18053 12558 14849 681562 15726 21628 14849 -9390.0
9341 4556 8918 409348 7724 11798 8918 -1388.3
6749 1693 6748 309738 4861 8317 6748 1474.5
6404 0 6195 284332 3168 6958 6195 3167.9
6686 -1678 5837 267917 1490 6024 5837 4845.6
6947 -3389 5106 234349 -221 5110 5106 6556.5
7001 -4870 3981 182747 -1702 4330 3981 8037.7
6886 -5915 2658 122022 -2747 3823 2658 9083.3
6827 -6581 1330 61049 -3413 3663 1330 9748.5
6671 -6671 0 0 -3503 3503 0 9839.1
6602 -6364 -1286 -59037 -3196 3445 -1286 9531.6
5577 -4791 -2153 -98820 -1623 2696 -2153 7958.5
5392 -3751 -3067 -140753 -583 3121 -3067 6918.7
4854 -2367 -3567 -163732 800 3656 -3567 5535.4
3798 -953 -3316 -152187 2215 3987 -3316 4120.9
2156 0 -2086 -95739 3168 3793 -2086 3167.9
7 2 -7 -317 3170 3170 -7 3166.2
-2425 -1183 2315 106256 1985 3050 2315 4350.6
-4815 -3350 3961 181790 -182 3965 3961 6517.4
-6822 -5860 4133 189699 -2692 4932 4133 9027.8
-8153 -7858 2623 120390 -4690 5374 2623 11026.0
-8619 -8619 0 0 -5451 5451 0 11786.6

Diagrama N,B Diagrama Z

60000
N,B [N]

60000
Z,T [N]

50000 50000
40000 40000
30000
30000
20000 N
B 20000
10000
10000
0
0 90 180 270 360 450 540 630 720 0
-10000
[RAC] 0 100 200 300 400 500 600
-20000 -10000
[RAC]
-20000
 10000
0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
-10000
[RAC]
-20000

Diagrama fusului maneton

20000.0
Fj,F

Rfmy [N]
10000.0

0.0
-10000 0 10000 20000 30000
-10000.0
F
p -20000.0
F
j -30000.0

-40000.0
0 540 630 720
Rfmy [N]
-50000.0

295
295
 Zdj Yss Ydj mvi[kg]Jvi[kg*mm^2]
28 103 63 4.597 15261
25 63 60 0.228 42
20 60 25 1.471 2188
17 25 0 0.263 82
6.3 17574

Momentul motor pe o perioada

800

700

600

500

400

300

200

100

0
0 45 90 135 180 225 270 315 360 405
600

500

400

300

200

100

0
0 45 90 135 180 225 270 315 360 405
-100
[RAC]
-200
 Qi Mc
kg/kg kJ/kg kgcomb/kmol
14.69 43524 114
14.38 41850 224
a

500 600
 500 600

Caracteristica de consum
18.00
16.00
14.00
12.00
10.00
8.00 Cons specifc
efectiv
6.00
4.00
2.00
0.00
1000 2000 3000 4000
Turatia [rot/min]
 apI
apII
360 ap
 [RAC] Zb Rm Rfmx
0 -14448 14448 0
Rfm 15 -12641 14037 -6103
11787 30 -7367 12108 -9608
11425 45 -1242 9303 -9219
9761 mj 0.806632 kg 60 3266 6387 -5489
7327 mgp 0.67012 kg 75 4792 4803 -328
4702 mp 0.429888 kg 90 3531 5441 4139
3179 mb 0.185233 kg 105 767 6662 6617
4101 mseg 0.055 kg 120 -2065 7261 6961
5809 mB 0.496405 kg 135 -4096 7104 5805
7158 m1 0.136511 kg 150 -5165 6504 3953
7973 m2 0.359894 kg 165 -5563 5896 1955
8360 180 -5714 5714 0
8496 195 -5639 5973 -1969
8523 210 -5264 6606 -3992
8483 225 -4228 7252 -5892
8379 240 -2239 7480 -7137
8050 255 565 6974 -6951
 7329 270 3351 5800 -4734
6116 285 4770 4817 -675
4539 300 3711 5369 3880
3275 315 336 6813 6805
3419 330 -3348 7250 6430
3959 345 -4561 5614 3273
2402 360 -3979 3979 0
6143 375 19929 20596 5197
13850 390 15284 17069 7600
46367 405 9128 10531 5253
38825 420 7042 8354 4495
17569 435 6327 8865 6209
9026 450 4784 9643 8373
6907 465 2067 9574 9348
6958 480 -1127 8778 8706
7586 495 -3929 7930 6889
8310 510 -5836 7416 4576
8970 525 -6815 7172 2235
9464 540 -7065 7065 0
9839 555 -6704 7060 -2214
9839 570 -4623 6148 -4053
9618 585 -2748 6559 -5956
8245 600 -77 7160 -7159
7568 615 2791 7404 -6857
6585 630 4784 6506 -4409
5289 645 4773 4773 48
3793 660 2163 5651 5220
3166 675 -2648 9371 8989
4928 690 -8257 12541 9440
7626 705 -12739 14087 6014
9929 720 -14448 14448 0
11334
11787

Diagrama Z,T

Z
T

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

[RAC]
 T

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

[RAC]

maneton

30000

Momentul motor
Msum [N*m]

12

10

0
0 90 180 270 360 450 540 630 720
[RAC]
 34
34.86
14.105
11.34
10.075
8.1
 aj g x y y
[grd] [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm]
0 0 50 0 0 0
15 0 48.3 12.94 12.94 0
30 0 43.3 25 25 0
45 0 35.36 35.36 35.36 0
60 0 25 43.3 43.3 0
75 0 12.94 48.3 48.3 0
90 0 0 50 50 0
105 0 -12.94 48.3 48.3 0
120 0 -25 43.3 43.3 0
135 0 -35.36 35.36 35.36 0
150 0 -43.3 25 25 0
165 0 -48.3 12.94 12.94 0
180 0 -50 0 0 0
195 2.09 -48.4 -12.94 -12.94 2.1785
210 6.47 -43.3 -25 -25 6.7415
225 9.86 -35.36 -35.36 -35.36 10.2699
Rfmy Rfm 240 11.52 -24 -43.3 -43.3 12
24017 24017 255 11.52 -12.94 -48.3 -48.3 12
22209 23033 270 11.52 0 -50 -50 12
16936 19472 285 11.52 12.94 -48.3 -48.3 12
10811 14209 300 11.52 25 -43.3 -43.3 12
6303 8357 315 9.43 35.36 -35.36 -35.36 9.8215
4777 4788 330 6.23 43.3 -25 -25 6.492
6038 7321 345 1.66 48.3 -12.94 -12.94 1.7301
8801 11012 360 0.00 50 0 0 0
11634 13558
13664 14846
14734 15255
15132 15257
15283 15283
15208 15335
14833 15360
13797 15003
11808 13797
9004 11375
 6218 7815
4799 4847
5858 7026
9233 11469
12917 14429
14130 14505
13548 13548
-10360 11591
-5715 9509
441 5271
2527 5157
3241 7004
4784 9643
7502 11986
10696 13791
13498 15154
15405 16070
16384 16535
16634 16634
16273 16422
14192 14759
12317 13682
9646 12012
6778 9641
4784 6506
4796 4797
7406 9061
12217 15168
17826 20171
22308 23104
24017 24017
or

540 630 720