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Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
INDIVIDUALI
Glicocol
Serin
Aminoacizi cu sulf: cistein, cistin, metionin
Aminoacizi aromatici: fenilalanin, tirozin
1
METABOLISMUL GLICOCOLULUI
NH2
Aminoacid NEESENIAL
Aminoacid GLUCOFORMATOR
2
METABOLISMUL GLICOCOLULUI
I. BIOSINTEZ
1) Din SERIN N5- N10- CH2 - FH4
FH4
H2O
PLP
H2C CH COOH H2C COOH
OH NH2 serin-hidroximetil
NH2
transferaza
Serin
+ (-CH2-OH) Glicocol
H2N CH (clivarea
moleculei) H2C COOH
COOH
NH2
L-Treonin
Glicocol
3
3) Din SARCOZIN COOH
CH3 H2C COOH
HOOC CH2 NH C CH NH C
CH2 CH2
HC NH2
COOH O C NH CH2-COOH
H2C COOH
+
NH2
glicinoxidaz HCOOH
FMN sau
H2C COOH HC COOH
NH2 COOH
O
Glicocol Acid glioxilic COOH
Hiperoxalurie primar
7
METABOLISMUL SERINEI
Din glicocol
Biosinteza serinei
Din acid 3-fosfogliceric,
(intermediar n glicoliz)
+ H2O + PLP
+ N5- N10- CH2 - FH4
H2C COOH (-CH2OH) H2C HC COOH
NH2 OH NH2
serin-hidroximetiltransferaza
Glicocol Serin 8
COOH
Biosinteza HO CH
din acid 3-fosfogliceric: CH2 O PO3H2
Acid L - 3- fosfogliceric
NAD+
oxidare
izomerizare
NADH + H+
COOH COOH
HC O PO3H2 C O
COOH
COOH
H2N CH
C O
CH2 O PO3H2
CH2 OH
Acid -cetogliceric Fosfo L - serin
Alanin + H2O
transaminare defosforilare
Acid piruvic Pi
COOH COOH
H2N CH H2N CH
CH2 OH CH2 OH
9
L - Serin L - Serin
TRANSFORMRILE SERINEI
10
2. Biosinteza SARCOZINEI i a GLICOCOLULUI Ciclul serinei
CH2 OH HC O COOH
+ CH3 oxidare + CH3 oxidare + CH3 demetilare
H2C N CH3 H2C N CH3 H2C N CH3
CH3 CH3 CH3
COLIN Betainaldehid Betain CH3
CH2 OH CH3
serin-deshidrataza Metabolism
H2N CH C O GLUCIDIC
H PLP (aminoacid
COOH H2O + NH3 COOH glucoformator)
11
L - Serin Acid piruvic
+ Colinesteraza
+ Ciclooxigenaza
12
antibiotic + antituberculos
13
AMINOACIZI CU SULF
Cistein L- Metionin
aminoacid semiesential aminoacid esential
SH NH2 S
Cistin (CH2)2
14
NH2
CH3
Pi + PPi N
S N
(CH2)2 + ATP N N
S-adenozil CH3
H2N CH metionin O
sintetaza +S H2C
COOH
(CH2)2
L- Metionin OH OH
H2N CH
Sulf-adenozil
COOH metionin (SAM)
I. Biosinteza CISTEINEI
din ali aminoacizi "CH3"
Sulf-adenozin
SH homocistein
(CH2)2
H2N CH Adenozin
COOH
15
L- Homocistein
reacie de
condensare
SH
DEGRADRILE:
1) Dezaminare desulfurant
Metabolism
GLUCIDIC
(aminoacid glucoformator)
17
2) Decarboxilare
CH2 SH
CO2 CH2 SH HSCoA
H2N CH
NH2
NH2 S CH2 CH COOH
-2H
HS CH2 C COOH
+2H S CH2 CH COOH
H
NH2
-n celulele tinere: -SH
-n celulele senescente: -S-S-
18
4) Oxidare intens: formarea TAURINEI
CO2
8) n reacii de DETOXIFIERE:
Sub form de N-acetilcistein n procesul de detoxifiere al
derivailor aromatici halogenai (genereaz acizi mercapturici)
Hormoni medulosuprarenali
1 Tirozin HO (adrenalina, noradrenalina)
hidroxilaza
CH2
H
HO C C COOH
Fenilalanin
hidroxilaza
H2 N CH
b H2
COOH NH2
Dioxifenil
Tirozina Melanine
alanina (DOPA)
CO2 (hormoni responsabili de pigmentarea pielii)
CH2
c
H2 N CH
Acid ceto glutaric
d Hidroxilare
la catena
COOH lateral
HO H
Fenilalanina C C NH2 HO C C NH2
Transaminare H2 H2 H2
OH
Decarboxilare
2 Acid glutamic
Tiramina
(efect de cretere a presiunii arteriale) OH
Octopamina
OH
Homogentizat
Transaminare oxidaze Acid fumaric
2-hidroxilaza Decarboxilare
HO +
C COOH Acid acetic
Acid fenil acetic H2
O OH OH
Acid p-hidroxifenil piruvic
CH2 CH2
CH2 O COOH
CH2 Acid fenil lactic
O COOH Acid homogentizic
CH2
NH2 COOH Acid 2,4 dihidroxifenil piruvic
22
FENILALANINA = aminoacid esenial
H2C CH COOH
NH2
sau CH2
H2 N CH
COOH
L- Fenilalanina
23
1. Hidroxilarea fenilalaninei => TIROZIN
NADPH2 NADP+
OH
+ O2 citP450
fenilalanin 4-hidroxilaza
acid ascorbic
CH2 CH2
H2O
H2 N CH H2 N CH
COOH COOH
L- Fenilalanin L-Tirozin
24
b.) Hidroxilarea tirozinei
OH OH
4
OH
tirozin-hidroxilaza 5
3
6 2
1
CH2 C CH COOH
H2
NH2
H2 N CH
COOH 3,4-Dihidroxifenilalanin
(DOPA)
L-Tirozin
Dopamin
Melanine = Hormonii
responsabili de
Hormoni pigmentarea pielii i a
medulosuprarenali: prului, n melanocite
adrenalina
noradrenalina
25
c.) Decarboxilarea tirozinei
OH OH OH
26
d.) Transaminarea tirozinei = cale de eliminare
OH OH
OH
+ Acid -cetoglutaric
PLP
CH2 CH2
CH2 Acid glutamic
C O HC OH
H2 N CH
COOH COOH
COOH
Acid Acid
L-Tirozin p-hidroxifenil p-hidroxifenil
piruvic lactic
2-hidroxilaza
OH OH
Homogentizat Acid fumaric
decarboxilare
oxidaz
+
OH PLP OH Acid acetil
C COOH
CH2 CO2 H2 acetic
C O
COOH Acid
homogentisic
Acid 2,4-dihidroxifenil
piruvic Ciclu Krebs
27
2. TRANSFORMAREA
FENILALANINEI N
CH2 METABOLII TOXICI PENTRU
CELULA NERVOAS
H2 N CH
COOH
L- Fenilalanin
CO2
NH3 Transaminare