A.

Broşă pentru prelucrarea canelurilor dreptunghiulare

cu dimensiunile 8x42x56x8, STAS 1769-86, cu lungimea
Lp = 62 mm, la piese din materialul OLC 45.

Broşele se clasifică după următoarele criterii:

a). după modul de aplicare a forţei:
•broşe de tracţiune (fig.6,a);
•broşe de compresiune (fig.6,b);
b). după tipul suprafeţei de prelucrat:
•pentru suprafeţe interioare ( fig. 6.a-e)
•pentru suprafeţe exterioare ( fig. 6.g)
c). după forma suprafeţei ( pentru broşe de interior):
•broşe cilindrice ( fig.6.c)
•broşe poligonale ( fig.6.d)
•broşe pentru caneluri drepte ( fig.6.e)
•broşe pentru caneluri elicoidale
•broşe pentru canale de pană( fig.6.f)

a b

1
 c
f

h i j
Figura 6 Tipuri de broşe
d) după schema de broşare:
•broşare după profil ( fig.6.h)
•broşare prin generare( fig.6.i)
•broşare progresivă ( fig.6.j)

Se cunosc de asemenea broşe de construcţie specială, ca de

exemplu broşele de tasare folosite la calibrarea alezajelor de înaltă
precizie, broşele cu dinţi elicoidali utilizate pentru găurile lungi unde
condiţiile de aşchiere sunt considerabil înrăutăţite, precum şi broşele cu

2
dinţi separaţi indicate pentru dimensiuni mari prin prisma economiei de
oţel înalt aliat.
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0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000d9350
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0061006e000000000000000734093050ebae300033140001000000000
00000b449110012b50230b44911004c6eaf30cc4911006476000800000
000250000000c00000001000000180000000c000000000000025400000
054000000000000000000000015000000380000000100000055550741
e2490741000000002d000000010000004c00000004000000000000000
0000000cc0200003c0400005000000020002e711600000046000000280
000001c0000004744494302000000ffffffffffffffffcd0200003f0400000000
00004600000014000000080000004744494303000000250000000c000
0000e0000800e00000014000000000000001000000014000000040000
0003010800050000000b0200000000050000000c024601d7000400000
02e0118001c000000fb020500020000000000bc0200000000010202225
3797374656d0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
000000040000002d01000004000000020101001c000000fb02f1ff00000
00000009001000000000440001254696d6573204e657720526f6d616e0
000000000000000000000000000000000040000002d01010005000000
0902000000020d000000320a0e0000000100040000000000d70046012
0030700040000002d010000030000000000
Figura 6. Forma piesei de prelucrat.

3
1.
2. Adaosul total de aschiere

Lp = 62 [mm]
 s = 46 [mm]

 Ar = 0,5(0,1 62 + 0,005 * 46 )=0,39 mm

3. Proiectarea partii de aschiere

3.1.Stabilirea suprainaltarii pe dinte.
Avand in vedere duritatea OLC 45, suprainaltarea pe dinte o voi alege
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0000000000000000000000000000100000089504e470d0a1a0a000000
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4200aece1ce9000000097048597300000ec400000ec401952b0e1b0000
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dacb6d0f3a258f9c5103bfcebc316c87caae0d33981f244f1e65e002ddeb6
64bf5946469249af0a0a3a7d9e38b685a3489827a860876d7f4a1742094
d05690ae6687a07ea12ba9de84f9e5c772d66869dd9c277581f807e7d96
640d3b1322744b2ca557f8603a2c4fbb9c59a24ab7871cd9bce145c27ae
ec36d0d2c449fe863e5eea8a32b963e00ffbded52e29bec5e6675948541
8e8d8f110953af0d26dc04c485996aa6e723b4d71a59e11ed8f1ac2b8a7
bbc029055ef4a58cb0debcfad1f6f2edcb9de816da65db27ed6e50b91b04
e08d9770c1ff52e2db317951e025fa52cbbd3d053098ecb10e0073aec03

4
889b556dc0b2ed3b8e8479f817335716a198a5c2aeb25fa90b0d6534d15
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0101010101020d0e080906010a0b1101020d0e0809060101051314010
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50c0108090c021101010000010101000a1b04010f10110101010101080
9000000000000000d0e01010101080906010107030401010108090601
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101020601010101010101010101010101010101010101010f100c01010
a0b110101010f100c01010a0b110f1011010108090c010101010000010

5
1010a1b04010a1b040107131401010a1b04010a1b0401071314010101
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006010f190e010101000001010100010a0b1101070d0e0101010108090
00000000000000d0e010101010f101101010f10110101010f101101010f
101108091510000006010101010100000108161709180c0f10180c0f10
1108161709180c0f10180c0f101101010100000101010001010a0b0003
1211010101010101010101010101010101010101010f100c01010a0b11
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010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010
1024c0000006400000000000000000000005e00000011000000000000
00000000005f000000120000002900aa0000000000000000000000803f

6
00000000000000000000803f0000000000000000000000000000000000
000000000000000000000000000000220000000c000000ffffffff4600000
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0200000000050000000c0212005f00030000001e000400000007010400
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0000000000280000005f00000012000000010008000000000000000000
00000000000000001d0000000000000000000000ffffff00489cdf007400
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7
108161709180c0f10180c0f101108161709180c0f10180c0f10110101010
0000101010001010a0b00031211010101010101010101010101010101
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01010101010101010101010101010105060101070d0e0101010105060
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010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010
1010101010101010101010101020c00000040092900aa000000000000
0012005f0000000000040000002701ffff030000000000

3.2.Alegerea unghiurilor de degajare si de asezare

Conform datelor tabelare, aleg urmatoarele unghiuri:
γ a=12°
γ 1=
αa=3°

8
 3.3.Stabilirea valorii pasului
l
p=(1,25-1,5 p )=1,5 62 =11,81∼ 12
3.4.Verificarea numarului de dinti simultani
zsim=Lp/p+1=62/11+1=6,16∼ 6 dinti
2 ≤ zsim ≤ 6 => se verifica conditia

Figura 7. Schema dimensiunilor dintelui

Pentru p=12 mm din tabele am ales restul dimensiunilor:

3.5Determinarea celorlalte elemente dimensionale ale profilului dintelui aşchietor
grosimea S, golul g, raza de racordare r, unghiul spatelui dintelui η :

Cf. T 2.14 [Minciu C.]: extrag

Pasul "p" înălţime mică

degroşar finisare h S r R g η
e
12 9 3,5 5 1,8 7 7 35°

Coeficientul de umplere k=3.5

Verificarea coeficientului de umplere:
Verifica!
Sg π • h2 π • 3,5 2
k= = = =
Sla 4 • Lp • a 4 • 62 • 0,06 2,58
Verifica!

9
 3.5.Stabilirea numarului de canale de fragmentare a aschiilor
Voi alege numarul de canale de fragmentare al aschiilor n = 8 canale
datorita faptului ca brosa mea va executa un numar de 8 caneluri, iar
numarul canalelor de evacuare si fragmentare al aschiilor va fi egal cu
numarul de goluri intre dintii brosei dispusi pe circumferinta.

3.6.Determinarea numarului de dinti de degrosare

a=0.06 mm =>
Adeg r 0,27
z deg ros = z a = = = 4,5 ≈ 5
a 0,06 dinti
Adeg r = Ar − (a zf 1 + a zf 2 + a zf 3 ) = 0,39 − (0,05 + 0,04 + 0,03) = 0,27

3.7.Determinarea numarului de dinti de finisare si a suprainaltarii

acestora
a=0.06 mm =>

3.8.Determinarea lungimii partii aschietoare

z c =3..8 mm
l as = ( z a + z c ) * p = (5 + 3) *12 = 96 mm
4. Proiectarea partii de calibrare
Partea de calibrare are dimensiunile determinate anterior cu mentiunea
ca lungimea partii de calibrare este:

aleg
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000000000000000000000000000100000089504e470d0a1a0a0000000
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10
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11
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5. Proiectarea partii de netezire – nu este cazul

6. Stabilirea dimensiunilor cozii brosei

d1 l4 63
d2 l5 70
d3 l6 32
d4 l7 220
c l8 52
l1 250 r1 0.6
l2 r2 4
l3 210 α 30°

7. Stabilirea dimensiunilor partii de ghidare din spate:

d4=d0- 0,05 = 42 - 0,05 = 41,95 mm

−0 ,18
− 0 , 24
d4= 4 1 , 9 5 mm
d6 = D0 m in =92m m -d ia m e tru lăp ţ r ii d e g h id a re ,
L5 = (0.8÷1)s = (0.8÷1) 46=46
Aleg L5 =46 mm

8. Stabilirea dimensiunilor partii de prindere din spate

Nu e necesar.

9. Determinarea lungimii totale a brosei si verificarea lungimii L<40dp

L=lcd+las+lc+l6+l7
lcd=l1+ l2+ l3+ l4 lungimea cozii brosei
lc lungimea de calibru
l6 partea de ghidare
l7 partea de prindere posterioara
lcd=l1=250 mm

14
lc=2p+s=24+4=28 mm
l7 conform tabelului 2.17/68 l7=32 mm
Rezulta L=250+120+28+60+32=490 mm

10.Alegerea materialului din care este confectionata partea activa si

coada brosei
Tinand cont de pretul de executie ridicat al broseloreste necesar sa
se dea o atentie marita alegerii materialului pentru executia acestore.
In general, brosele, lucrand la viteze de aschiere mici, solicitarea
termica a cestora nu este ridicata. In schimb, sunt solicitate puternic la
uzura. De asemenea la alegerea materialului se va avea in vedere ca
brosa sa se deformeze cat mai putin in urma tratamentului termic,
precum si realizarea conditiei de existenta a calirii in adancime.In
general, se recomanda folosirea otelurilor rapide Rp3, Rp4 si Rp5. In
general duritatea broselor pe partea de aschiere se recomanda 62-64
HRC iar coada la o rezistenta de 40-45 HRC.
Voi alege ca material un otel rapid si anume Rp3.

11.Determinarea fortei de aschiere Fz

Conform tabelului pentru OLC 45: Cp=354, x=0.73

12.Verificarea la rezistenta a brosei

Efortul unitar

in cazul broselor din otel rapid Rp3

Agatului = π(d2) = 6646.356 mm2
2

verifica la solicitarea de intindere.

15