LICEUL DE INFORMATICA

PROIECT DE ATESTAT

FOX PRO BAZE DE DATE

CUPRINS

1. Generalitati .. a!." #. O erat$ri. Ti %ri &e &ate.. a!.' (. O eratii ) e*i+i*e ,a-el$r &e &ate a!1. ". En%nt r$,le/a... a!10 0.Re-$l1are r$,le/a. a!10 2.Bi,li$!ra+ie. a!.#.

1. BAZE DE DATE. GENERALITATI.

O baza de date e)te %n )i)te/ &e *$le*tii &e &ate re+erit$are la %n &$/eni% arti*%lar3 *are $ate +i %tili-at )i rel%*rat &e /ai /%lti $ erat$ri in )*$ %ri &i+erite. Sistemul de gestiu e al bazel!" de date 4SGBD5 e)te %n &ate. Pentr% &e)*rierea )tr%*t%ril$r &atel$r3 #! #e$tual. In Ierar6i* retea relati$nal %ODELUL IERAR&IC ra*ti*a a*6et &e

r$!ra/e *are reali-ea-a !e)ti%nea )i rel%*rarea *$/ le7a a ,a-el$r &e re*%/ )i a relatiil$r &intre a*e)tea intr8$ ,a-a &e &ate )e %tili-ea-a %n r$*e&e% +$r/al3 n%/it m!del rel%*rarii a%t$/ate a &atel$r3 )8a% *$n)a*rat %r/at$arele /$&ele *$n*e t%ale.

Se ,a-ea-a e )tr%*t%ri &e re re-entare ar,$re)*ente )i ti %ri &e relatii 1 la 1 )i 1 la n. C% a9%t$r%l a*e)t%i /$&el3 )tr%*t%ra ,a-ei &e &ate $ate +i re re-entata )%, +$r/a %n%i ar,$re *% %n n$& ra&a*ina 4tr%n*6i%l5 )i *elelalte n$&%ri 4ra/%ri5 *$ntin *$le*tiile &e &ate. Le!at%rile intre n$&%ri re+le*ta relatiile &e a)$*iere intre inre!i)trarile 4)et &e &ate *% a*elea)i r$ rietati5 *$le*tiil$r &e &ate )% eri$are )i in+eri$are. M$&el%l ierar6i* are %r/at$arele *ara*teri)ti*i: a**e)%l &ire*t e)te $)i,il n%/ai la inre!i)trarile &in *$le*tia &e &ate ra&a*ina: a**e)%l la inre!i)trarile *$le*tiil$r &e &ate in+eri$are )e +a*e rin ) e*i+i*area t%t%r$r *$le*tiil$r3 *are )e !a)e)* *$le*tia ra&a*ina ana la *$le*tia*er*etata: t$ate inre!i)trarile &in *$le*tiile ,a-ei &e &ate3 *% e7*e tia *$le*tiei &e &ate ra&a*ina a% *ate $ inre!i)trare )% eri$ara. Se &e+ine)te a)t+el $ relatie3 *are a)i!%ra *$n)%ltarea inre!i)traril$r &in *$le*tiile &e &ate &e )%) in 9$) )i &e la )tan!a ) re &rea ta 4/$&%l ;t$ 8 &$<n=5. M$&el%l ierar6i* are %nele li/ite3 in ) e*ial la $ eratiile &e a*t%ali-are 4/$&i+i*area 1al$ril$r5 a ,a-ei &e &ate3 &e$are*e a&a%!area &e inre!i)trari )e $ate +a*e n%/ai *% re*i-area *$le*tiei &e &ate )% eri$are 4*% e7*e tia *$le*tiei &e &ate ra&a*ina53 iar )ter!erea %nei inre!i)trari3 !enerea-a )ter!erea t%t%r$r inre!i)traril$r )%,$r&$nate. %ODELUL RETEA e &r%/%l &e la

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Se ,a-ea-a e )tr%*t%ra &e re re-entare retea )i ti %ri &e relatii 1 l1 13 1la n )i / la n. O retea e)te +$r/ata &in /ai /%lte n$&%ri le!ate intre ele. In /$&el%l retea al %nei ,a-e &e &ate3 +ie*are n$& re re-inta $ *$le*tie &e &ate iar le!at%rile re+le*ta relatiile &e a)$*iere. Cara*teri)ti*a rin*i ala e)te a*eea *a3 a**e ta *a $ri*are *$le*tie &e &ate )a )e )it%e-e e ni1el%l 13 rin in&i*area e7 li*ita a relatiil$r &intre a*e)tea. In re re-entarea %ni*a a inre!i)traril$r in ,a-a &e &ate. M$&el%l retea e)te %n /$&el *$/ le73 &i+i*il &e +$l$)it3 $*% a ) ati% &e /e/$rie ine+i*ient )i &e en&entele &in retea )%nt %tin *lare3 &in *a%-a e7i)tentei /ai /%lt$r relatii &e )%,$r&$nare. %ODELUL RELATIONAL C$n+$r/ a*e)t%i /$&el3 *$n*e erea )tr%*t%rii ,a-ei &e &ate &e in&e e7*l%)i1 &e le!at%rile intre $,ie*te *e er/it $ &e)*riere )i/ la )%, +$r/a ta,elara. A*e)t /$&el &e re re-entare a &atel$r )e ,a-ea-a e n$ti%nea /ate/ati*a &e relatie. O relatie R e)te $ )%,/%lti/e a r$&%)%l%i *arte-ian &e n /%lti/i n%/ite &$/enii 4Di53 n +iin& !ra&%l relatiei. O ,a-a &e &ate relati$nala e)te $ /%lti/e &e relatii )e/anti* le!ate rin &$/enii &e &e+initie *$/%ne. M$&el%l relati$nal a +$)t intr$&%) entr% a eli/ina re)tri*tiile i/ %)e &e *atre /$&el%l retea a)% ra le!at%ril$r intre *$le*tiile &e &ate. An%/ite le!at%ri $t )a n% e7i)te la %n /$/ent &at )i )a a ara &% a a*eea. In a*e)te *$n&itii in /&el%l retea )tr%*t%ra &atel$r tre,%ie /$&i+i*ata3 *eea *e n% e)te *a-%l /$&el%l%i relati$nal3 %n&e n%/ai le!at%rile intre *$le*tii )%nt )e/ni+i*ati1e. In *$n*l%-ie3 $ relatie $ate +i re re-entata rintr8%n ta,el3 in l%)3 a**e ta e7i)tenta er/ite te/ $rara a inre!i)traril$r +ara le!at%ri *% alte inre!i)trari )i

*are3 +ie*are ran& re re-inta $ inre!i)trare 4%n t% l%5 &i)tin*ta3 iar +ie*are *$l$ana %n &$/eni%3 rin re) e*tarea %r/at$arel$r re!%li: +ie*are ran& al ta,el%l%i tre,%ie )a +ie &i+erit &e *elelalte ran&%ri )i +$r/ea-a %n t% l%> $r&inea ran&%ril$r in ta,el n% e)te re&e+inita %tan& +i /$&i+i*ata +ara re)tri*tii> *$l$anele ta,el%l%i )%nt i&enti+i*ate rin n%/e &i)tin*te3 re re-entan& +ie*are 1al$are a %n%i *a/ e)te re re-entata rintr8%n )ir &e *a/ %rile /$&el%l%i relati$nal>

*ara*tere> in +ie*are *$l$ana a ta,el%l%i3 1al$rile )%nt &e a*ela)i +el3 *$n)tit%in& %n &$/eni%. Ori*e t% l% al relatiei e)te i&enti+i*at rin inter/e&i%l %nei *6ei ri/are3 *are e)te &e+inita rintr8%n *a/ )a% %n !r% &e *a/ %ri *% 1al$ri %ni*e. C% a9%t$r%l /$&el%l%i relati$nal )tr%*t%ra *$n*e t%ala a ,a-ei &e &ate $ate +i re re-entata )%, +$r/a %nei /%lti/i &e ta,ele3 *are )e a)$*ia-a intre elel rin inter/e&i%l %n$r *6ei. Cele /ai i/ $rtante a1anta9e ale /&el%l%i relati$nal )%nt: e)te %)$r a**e)i,il entr% er)$anele /ai %tin initiate in in+$r/ati*a3 &at$rita +a t%l%i *a ,a-a &e &ate e)te re re-entata )i/ l% *a $ *$le*tie &e ta,ele> e)te %n /&el $/$!en &e re re-entare a le!at%ril$r &intre *$le*tiile &e &ate3 n%/ai rin relatii> a)i!%ra in&e en&enta r$!ra/el$r +ata &e )tr%*t%ra &atel$r3 &at$rita )i/ li+i*arii )tr%*t%rii *$n*e t%ale )i l$!i*e>

er/ite

r$ie*tarea %nei )tr%*t%ri $ ti/e a &atel$r3 eli/inan&

re&%n&anta )i an$/aliile &e a*t%ali-are> a&/ite )ati)+a*erea *erintel$r inta/ lat$are ale %tili-at$ril$r.

'. OPERATORI. TIPURI DE DATE

Un ti &e &ate re re-inta /%lti/ea 1al$ril$r )i a $ eratiil$r *are )e $t e+e*t%a *% a*e)tea. '.1. O$e"at!"i Re re-inta )i/,$l%ri rin *are )e ) e*i+i*a $ eratiile *are )e $t

e+e*t%a *% &i+erite 1al$ri. Ei )e !r% ea-a a)t+el: $ erat$ri arit/eti*i : ?3 83 @3 A3 )i ri&i*are la %tere @@ $ erat$ri relati$nari : B3 C3 BD3 CD3 BC $ erat$ri l$!i*i : n$t3 an&3 $r '.'. Ti$u"ile de date

Fie*are *a/ intr8$ ,a-a &e &ate are a)$*iat %n ti &e &ate. F$7 Pr$ %ne la &i) $-itie %r/at$arele ti %ri &e &ate : 15 ti %l al+an%/eri* 4*6ara*ter3 /e/$5 #5 ti %l n%/eri* 4n%/eri*3 +l$at5 (5 ti %l &ata *alen&ari)ti*a 4&ate5 "5 ti %l l$!i* 4l$!i*al5 05 ti %l ) e*ial 4!eneral5 Ti$ul al(a ume"i# are &$%a )%,titl%ri: Ti$ul #a"a#te" e)te al*at%it &in litere3 *i+re3 )i/,$l%ri )i ) atii. L%n!i/ea /a7i/a e)te #0" &e *ara*tere. Pe &atele &e ti )ir &e *ara*tere $t +i a li*ati $ erat$rii &e *$n*atenare )i $ erat$rii relati$nari. Ti$ul mem! e)te t$t %n )ir &e *ara*tere &ar +$l$)it entr% )t$*area ,l$*%ril$r lar!i &e te7t &e ana la 01# FO intr8%n *a/ . Ti$ul ume"i# e)te +$l$)it entr% )t$*area n%/erel$r *% )a% +ara

-e*i/ale3 )e/n%l G8H 3 +iin& a&/i) inaintea n%/erel$r. Ti %l n%/eri* *% rin&e )%,ti %rile n%/eri* )i +l$at &i+erenta &intre ele a are la re*i-ia &e /e/$rare a 1al$ril$r. Di/en)i%nea /a7i/a a %n%i %n*t *% 1al$ri n%/eri*e e)te &e #.. Ti$ul data #ale da"isti#a e)te +$l$)it $ t *ara*tere. Ti$ul l!gi# e)te +$l$)it entr% )t$*area 1al$ril$r l$!i*e a&e1arat )a% +al). Ti$ul s$e#ial er/ite a)trarea in ta,elele ,a-ei &e &ate a %n$r &$*%/ente3 +$i &e *al*%l )a% i/a!ini.
'

entr% )t$*area &atel$r

*alen&ari)ti*e )%, +$r/a LL AZZAAA. Di/en)i%nea *a/ %l%i e)te i/ li*it &e

). CATE*A OPERATII SPECI+ICE BAZELOR DE DATE

).1. C"ea"ea u ei baze de date si i t"!du#e"ea datel!" Crearea %nei ,a-e &e &ate re)% %ne )ta,ilirea )tr%*t%ri ,a-ei &e &ate )i an%/e re*i-area n%/el%i3 ti %l%i )i l%n!i/ea +ie*ar%i *a/ &in ta,el. Pentr% *rearea )tr%*t%rei %nei ,a-e &e &ate )e %tili-ea-a *$/an&a *reate. C$/an&a Create Sinta7a: Create IBN%/e ,a-a &e &ateCJ

).'. Des#,ide"ea si i #,ide"ea bazel!" de date ).'.1. Des#,ide"ea u ei baze de date

De)*6i&erea )i/ la a %nei ,a-e &e &ate )e reali-ea-a &in +erea)tra *$//an& *% a9%t$r%l *$/en-ii %)e. C$/an&a %)e Sinta7a: %)e Bn%/e ,a-a &e &ateC ).'.'. I #,ide"ea u ei baze de date In*6i&erea )i/ la a %nei ,a-e &e &ate )e *$/an&a %)e +ara a ) e*i+i*a n%/ele ,a-ei &e &ate. Pentr% a in*6i&e t$ate ,a-ele &e &ate &e)*6i)e )e %tili-ea-a *$/an&a *l$)e &a,a)e)3 iar *$/an&a *l$)e all er/ite in*6i&erea t%t%r$r +i)ierel$r3 in*l%)1 +i)ierele ,a-a &e &ate. Sele*tarea %nei -$ne &e l%*r% )e +a*e &in +erea)tra &e *$/an&a3 *% a9%t$r%l *$/en-ii )ele*t. C$/an&a )ele*t Sinta7a: )ele*t B -$na &e l%*r% C ).'.). Des#,ide"ea u ei baze de date i t"-! a umita z! a de lu#"u De)*6i&erea %nei ,a-e &e &ate intr8$ an%/ita -$na )e +a*e *$/an&a: U)e Bn%/e ,a-a &e &ateC in B -$na &e l%*r%C rin $ate reali-a %tili-an&

).). *izualiza"ea. #!$ie"ea si m!di(i#a"ea st"u#tu"ii u ei baze de date

1.

).).1. *izualiza"ea st"u#tu"ii u ei baze de date Se $ate reali-a &in linia &e *$/an&a 4+erea)tra *$//an&53 *% er/ite a+i)area

a9%t$r%l *$/en-ii li)t )tr%*t%re. A*ea)ta *$/an&a 41i-%ali-area5 e e*ran a )tr%*t%rii ,a-ei &e &ate. C$/an&a li)t )tr%*t%re Sinta7a: li)t )tr%*t%re ).).'. C!$ie"ea st"u#tu"ii u ei baze de date

Pentr% *$ ierea )tr%*t%rii %nei ,a-e &e &ate )e *reea-a $ n$%a ,a-a &e &ate a1an& a*eea)i )tr%*t%ra *a a ,a-ei &e &ate *%rente )a% )e *rea-a $ n$%a ,a-a &e &ate *e *$ntine n%/ai an%/ite *a/ %ri &in ,a-a &e &ate *%rente. C$ ierea )tr%*t%rii )e reali-ea-a *% a9%t$r%l *$/en-ii *$ L )tr%*t%re. C$/an&a *$ L )tr%*t%re Sinta7a: *$ L )tr%*t%re t$ B+i)ier n$%C I+iel&)Bli)ta *a/ %riCJ ).).). %!di(i#a"ea st"u#tu"ii M$&i+i*area )tr%*t%rii %nei ,a-e &e &ate in*l%&e a&a%!area &e n$i *a/ %ri3 )ter!erea )a% /$&i+i*area %n$r *a/ %ri e7i)tente 4/$&i+i*are n%/e3 l%n!i/e )a% ti 5. M$&i+i*area )tr%*t%rii )e reali-ea-a &in linia &e *$/an&a *% a9%t$r%l *$/en-ii /$&i+L )tr%*t%re. C$/an&a /$&i+L )tr%*t%re Sinta7a: /$&i+L )tr%*t%re )./. *izualiza"ea u ei baze de date
11

Pre)% %ne a+i)area inre!i)traril$r ,a-ei &e &ate. Mi-%ali-area )e $ate reali-a *% a9%t$r%l *$/en-il$r li)t )i &i) laL. C$/an&a li)t Per/ite $ a+i)are *$ntin%a3 +ara $ rire &% a +ie*are e*ran lin. Sinta7a: li)tI+iel&)Bli)ta *a/ %riCJIB&$/eni%CJI+$rBe7 l1CJ I<6ileBe7 l#CJI$++JIt$ rinterI r$/ tJJIt$ +ileB+i)ierCJ C$/an&a &i) laL A+i)area *$ntin%t%l%i ,a-ei &e &ate *%rente3 e*ran *% e*ran3 a&i*a &% a %/ lerea e*ran%l%i *% in+$r/atie3 a+i)area )e $ re)te )i )e a)tea ta a a)area %nei ta)te )a% *li*N e /$%)e entr% *$ntin%are. Sinta7a: &i) laLII+iel&)JBli)ta *a/ %riCJIB&$/eni%CJI+$rBe7 l1CJ I<6ileBe7 l#CJI$++JIt$ rinterI r$/ tJJIt$ +ileB+i)ierCJ ).0. Adauga"ea de i "egist"a"i Se +a*e rin inter/e&i%l *$/en-il$r a C$/an&a a Sinta7a: a 8 en& en& I,lanNJ en& a&a%!a $ inre!i)trare la )+ar)it%l en& )i in)ert.

*$/an&a )i/ la a

,a-ei &e &ate )i er/ite %tili-at$r%l%i )a *$/ lete-e *a /%rile intr8$ +erea)tra. C% a9%t$r%l a*e)tei *$/en-i3 )e $t e+e*t%a /$&i+i*ari in intrea!a ,a-a &e &ate. 8 *$/an&a a en& ,lanN a&a%!a $ inre!i)trare 1i&a la )+ar)it%l ,a-ei &e &ate3 +ara a a+i)a +erea)tra &e e&itare. C$/an&a in)ert Sinta7a: in)ert I,lanNJI,e+$reJ
1#

8 8 8

*$/an&a in)ert a&a%!a $ inre!i)trare in ,a-a &e &ate3 &% a inre!i)trarea *%renta> *$/an&a in)ert ,e+$re a&a%!a $ inre!i)trare inaintea inre!i)trarii *%rente> *$/an&a in)ert ,lanN in)erea-a $ inre!i)trare 1i&a3 +ara a +i &e)*6i)a +erea)tra &e e&itare.

).1. Ste"ge"ea i "egist"a"il!" di t"-! baza de date C$/an&a &elete C$/an&a &elete /ar*6ea-a entr% )ter!ere inre!i)trari &in ,a-a &e &ate a*ti1a. Sinta7a: &eleteIB&$/eni%CJI+$rBe7 l.1CJI<6ileBe7 l#CJIn$$ ti/i-eJ C$/an&a n% )ter!e +i-i* inre!i)trarile &in ,a-a &e &ate.Cla%-ele */en-i a% a*eea)i )e/ni+i*atie *a la *$/en-ile anteriare.&$/eni%l i/ li*it e)te inre!i)trarea *%renta . C$/an&a a*N C$/an&a a*N &eter/ina )ter!erea +i-i*a a inre!i)traril$r *are a% +$)t /ar*ate entr% )ter!ere +$l$)in& *$/an&a &elete. Sinta7a: a*N I/e/$JI&,+J C$/an&a -a Sinta7a:-a C$/an&a -a )ter!e t$ate inre!i)trarile &in ,a-a &e &ate a*ti1a3 a)tran& &$ar )tr%*t%ra. A*ea)ta *$/an&a e)te e*6i1alenta *% )%**e)i%nea &e *$/en-i:
1(

Delete all Pa*N Dar e7e*%tia e)te /%lt /ai ra i&a.

/. ENUNT PROBLE%A
Se *$n)i&era ,a-a &e &ate a!en&a *% )tr%*t%ra : n%/e3 ren%/e3 a&re)a3 tele+$n. Ba-a &e &ate e)te in&e7ata la *reare e *a/ %l n%/e. Se *ere3 rin inter/e&i%l %n%i /eni%3 )a )e reali-e-e %r/at$arele $ eratii : @ A&a%!area %n%i n$% n%/e @ M$&i+i*area in+$r/atiil$r le!ate &e %n an%/it n%/e @ Ster!erea %n%i n%/e @ Mi-%ali-area *$ntin%t%l%i ,a-ei &e &ate

0.REZOL*AREA PROBLE%EI
set talk off clear define window w1 from 3,1 to 24,79 define menu men1 define pad p1 of men1 prompt 'Adaugare' at 2,1 define pad p2 of men1 prompt 'Modificare' at 2,15 define pad p3 of men1 prompt 'Stergere' at 2,3 define pad p4 of men1 prompt '!i"uali"are' at 2,45 define pad p5 of men1 prompt '#erminare' at 2,$ on selection pad p1 of men1 do adaugare on selection pad p2 of men1 do modificare on selection pad p3 of men1 do stergere on selection pad p4 of men1 do %i"uali"are on selection pad p5 of men1 do terminare acti%ate menu men1 procedure adaugare
1"

acti%ate window w1 use agenda order nume opt&''' do w(ile upper)opt*&''' clear store space)1 * to %nume, %pren store space)2 * to %adr store to %tel + 2,5 sa, ''ati numele' get %nume pict '----------' read %1&str)%nume,1 * find .%1 if not found)* + 4,5 sa, ''ati prenumele/' get %pren picture '----------' + 5,5 sa, ''ati adresa/' get %adr picture '----------' + $,5 sa, ''ati telefonul/' get %tel pict '9999999999' read append 0lank replace nume wit( %nume, prenume wit( %pren, adresa wit( %adr, telefon wit( %tel endif opt&' ' + 1 ,5 sa, ''oriti sa mai continuati1'231' get opt function '4' read enddo use deacti%ate window w1 return procedure modificare acti%ate window w1 use agenda order nume opt&''' do w(ile upper)opt*&''' clear store to %nume

10

+ 5,5 sa, ''ati numele/' get %nume picture '----------' read %1&str)%nume,1 * find .%1 if not found)* + 1$,5 sa, 'numele negasit4' else + 5,5 sa, 'prenumele/' + 5,25 sa, prenume + 9,5 sa, 'adresa/' + 9,25 sa, adresa + 1 ,5 sa, 'telefon/' + 1 ,25 sa, telefon store space)2 * to %pren store to %tel store space)2 * to %adr + 11,5 sa, '6ntroduceti noile %alori4' + 12,5 sa, 'prenumele/' get %pren function '4' + 13,5 sa, 'telefon/' get %tel function '4' + 14,5 sa, 'adresa/' get %adr picture '----------' read replace prenume wit( %pren, telefon wit( %tel, adresa wit( %adr endif opt&' ' + 19,5 sa, ''oriti sa mai continuati1'231' get opt function '4' read enddo deacti%ate window w1 return procedure stergere acti%ate window w1 use agenda order nume opt&''' do w(ile upper)opt*&''' clear store space)1 * to %nume

12

+ 5,5 sa, ''ati numele/' get %nume picture '----------' read %1&str)%nume,1 * find .%1 if not found)* + 15,5 sa, 'numele negasit4' else + 7,5 sa, 'prenumele/' + 7,25 sa, prenume + 5,5 sa, 'telefonul/' + 5,25 sa, telefon + 9,5 sa, 'adresa/' + 9,25 sa, adresa store space)1* to opt1 + 13,5 sa, ''oriti sa stergeti1)'23*' get opt1 function '4' read if upper)opt1*&''' delete endif endif opt&' ' + 15,5 sa, ''oriti sa mai continuati1'231' get opt function '4' read enddo pack deacti%ate window w1 return procedure capt + 1,2 sa, '7ista agenda' + 2,1 sa,

'88888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888 888'

1E

+ 3,1 sa, '9 numele 9 prenumele 9 telefon 9 Adresa 9' + 4,1 sa, '9 9 9 9 9' + 5,1 sa, ':::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: :::' return procedure %i"uali"are use agenda sort to agenda1 on nume acti%ate window w1 do capt go top k&$ do w(ile not eof)* + k,5 sa, nume pict '---------' + k,2 sa, prenume pict '----------' + k,35 sa, adresa pict '--------------------' + k,5 sa, telefon pict '9999999999' k&k;1 if k<15 + 19,5 sa, '=entru continuare apasati o tasta4' k,&inke,) * k&$ + $,1 clear to 24,79 endif skip enddo + 19,5 sa, 'Am terminat listarea ' k,&inke,) * + 1,1 clear to 24,79 use deacti%ate window w1 return procedure terminare deacti%ate menu men1 clear return

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Bibli!g"a(ie
C$le*tia &e in+$r/ati*a FOX PRO te$rie )i a li*atii E&it%ra El)e A%t$rii: E%!en P$ e)*% Mi6aela C$&re) D$ina Pre&a E*aterina B$arna S$+ia Mitelar% Li/,a9%l Pa)*al )tr%*t%ri &ina/i*e &e &ate3 !ra+%ri )i r$!ra/are $rientata e $,ie*te E&it%ra El)e A%t$ri: E%!en P$ e)*% S$+ia Mitelar% Mi6aela C$&re) Daniel C$&re)

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PROBLE%A2
Fie $ ,a-O &e &ate CINEMA.&,+ *% %r/Ot$arele *P/ %ri: *$&+il/3 n%/e+il/3 r$&%*tie3 re!ie3 an%l3 !en3 )*enari%3 re/ii3 *% rin*i alele r$&%*Qii *ine/at$!ra+i*e &e la 1K0. PnO Rn #..1 Si $ ,a-O ACTORI.&,+3 *% %r/Ot$arele *P/ %ri: n%/e3 &atan3 )e73 *$&+il/3 nati$3 *% in+$r/aQii &e) re )telele +il/%l%i. Se *er: a. Sa )e +a*O $ r$*e&%rO &e Rnre!i)trare a %n%i +il/ *are )e in*l%&O Si $ /et$&O &e *$&i+i*are> ,. A+iSarea ri/%l%i +il/ *r$n$l$!i* al +ie*Or%i !en> *. A+iSarea QOril$r ale *Or$r r$&%*Qii a% +$)t Rnre!i)trate Rn ,a-a &e &ate> &. A+iSarea +il/el$r r$&%)e Rn ITALIA Rn an%l 1KK"> e. Li)ta +il/el$r e !en%ri> +. Re!i-$rii *% r$&%*Qii *ine/at$!ra+i*e &in R$/Pnia &% O re1$l%Qie> !. Pre/iile e *are le8a $,Qin%t %n +il/ *itit &e la ta)tat%rO> 6. A+iSarea )*enariStil$r e !en%ri *ine/at$!ra+i*e &% O 1KK.> i. MPr)ta l%i T$/ Cr%i)e> 9. A*t$rii *are a% 9%*at Rn +il/%l: ;Pe ari ile 1Pnt%l%i=> N. Li)ta a*triQel$r *are n8a% &e OSit (. &e ani e naQi$nalitOQi> l. Pri/ii 0 1eterani ai +il/%l%i r$/Pne)*.

REZOL*ARE2
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*lear )et talN $++ )et e7a*t $++ <D1 &$ <6ile <D1 T #31. )aL UO ti%nile..... U T "3" )aL U4 A a)ati CAPS LOCF8%l *a )a /ear!a r$!ra/%l. Mi8a +$)t lene )a8l /ai /$&i+i* 5U T E3# )aL U1... Intr$&%*erea %n%i n$% +il/.U T '3# )aL U#... A+i)area ri/%l%i +il/ *r$n$l$!i* al +ie*ar%i !en.U T K3# )aL U(... Tarile *are +a* arte &in ,a-a.U T 1.3# )aL U"... A+i)area +il/el$r r$&%)e in Italia in 1KK".U T 113# )aL U0... Li)ta +il/el$r e !en%ri.U T 1#3# )aL U2... Re!i-$rii &in R$/ania &e la 1KK. ana in re-ent.U T 1(3# )aL UE... Pre/iile e *are le8a l%at %n +il/ *a%tat.U T 1"3# )aL U'... S*enari)tii e !en%ri *ine/atr$!ra+i*e &% a 1KK..U T 103# )aL UK... Ce 1ar)ta are T$/ Cr%i)e...U T 123# )aL U1.... Ce a*t$ri a% 9%*at in +il/%l VPe ari ile 1ant%l%iV...U T 1E3# )aL U11... Li)ta a*tritel$r *are n8a% &e a)it (. &e ani e nati$nalitati.U T 1'3# )aL U1#... Pri/ii 0 1eterani ai +il/%l%i r$/ane)*.U in %t UCe $ ti%ne &$riti...WU t$ 7 &$ *a)e *a)e 7D1 &$ n$% *a)e 7D# *lear &$ *r$n$ <ait *a)e 7D( *lear &$ tari <ait *a)e 7D" *lear &$ italL <ait *a)e 7D0 *lear &$ !en%ri <ait *a)e 7D2 *lear &$ re!r$/ <ait *a)e 7DE *lear

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&$ +il/ale) <ait *a)e 7D' *lear &$ li)ta)*enari)ti <ait *a)e 7DK *lear &$ t$/ <ait *a)e 7D1. *lear &$ eari i <ait *a)e 7D11 *lear &$ a*trite <ait *a)e 7D1# *lear &$ 1eterani <ait en&*a)e *lear T #3# )aL UC$ntin%a/ *% $ ti%nileW... 4DD1 A ND.5U !et < rea& *lear en&&$ ret%rn

PROCEDURE NOU
rD1 &$ <6ile rD1 *lear %)e *ine/a ) D re**$%nt45?1 !$ ,$tt$/ in)ert ,lanN re la*e *$&+il/ <it6 ) T #3# )aL UDati n%/ele +il/%l%i...U !et n%/e+il/ T (3# )aL UPr$&%*tie... U!et r$&%*tie

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T "3# )aL URe!ia...U !et re!ia T 03# )aL UAn%l...U !et an%l T 23# )aL UGen%l +il/%l%i... U!et !en T E3# )aL US*enari)t%l +il/%l%i... U!et )*enari% T '3# )aL UPre/iile ri/ite...U !et re/ii nD. T K3# )aL UCati a*t$ri a% 9%*atWU!et n rea& *lear %)e a*t$ri +$r iD1 t$ n !$ ,$tt$/ in)ert ,lanN re la*e *$&+il/ <it6 ) W UA*t$r%lU3i T (3# )aL UN%/ele...U!et n%/e T "3# )aL USe7%l 4/A+5...U!et )e7 T 03# )aL UData na)terii...U !et &atan T 23# )aL UNati$nalitatea...U !et nati$ rea& *lear en&+$r T 1.3" )aL UC$ntin%a/ *% intr$&%*erea +il/el$rW...4DD1 A ND.5...U !et r rea& *lear en&&$ ret%rn

PROCEDURE CRONO
%)e *ine/a )$rt t$ *ine# $n !en3 an%l %)e *ine# !D!en &$ <6ile n$t e$+45 W UPri/%l +il/ al !en%l%i U3!3U a +$)t U3n%/e+il/ &$ <6ile !D!en )Ni en&&$ !D!en en&&$ %)e ret%rn

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PROCEDURE TARI
%)e *ine/a )$rt t$ *ine1 $n r$&%*tie %)e *ine1 W UTarile )%nt %r/at$arele:U D r$&%*tie &$ <6ile n$t e$+45 W U U3 &$ <6ile D r$&%*tie )Ni en&&$ D r$&%*tie en&&$ ret%rn

PROCEDURE ITALX
%)e *ine/a W U Fil/ele r$&%)e in Iatlia in an%l 1KK" )%nt:...U +$r iD1 t$ re**$%nt45 !$ i i+ 4 r$&%*tie D UITALIAU5 .an&. 4an%lD1KK"5 WU U3 n%/e+il/ en&i+ en&+$r ret%rn

PROCEDURE GENURI
%)e *ine/a )$rt t$ *ine( $n !en3 n%/e+il/ %)e *ine( !eD!en &$ <6ile n$t e$+45 W U Gen%l U3!e &$ <6ile !eD!en WU U3 n%/e+il/ )Ni en&&$ YAIT !eD!en en&&$ ret%rn #"

PROCEDURE REGROM
%)e *ine/a W U Re!i-$rii +il/el$r r$&%)e in R$/ania &% a 1K'K )%nt:...U +$r iD1 t$ re**$%nt45 !$ i i+ 4 r$&%*tie D UROMANIAU5 .an&. 4an%lC1K'K5 W U U3re!ia en&i+ en&+$r ret%rn

PROCEDURE FILMALES
n+DU U T #3# )aL UN%/ele +il/%l%i &$rit...U !et n+ READ T "3# SAX UPre/iile +il/%l%i *er%t )%nt %r/at$arele:U %)e *ine/a +$r iD1 t$ re**$%nt45 !$ i i+ n%/e+il/ D n+ WU U3 re/ii en&i+ en&+$r ret%rn

PROCEDURE LISTASCENARISTI
%)e *ine/a )$rt t$ *ine" $n !en3 )*enari% %)e *ine" !eD!en &$ <6ile n$t e$+45 W U Gen%l U3!e &$ <6ile !eD!en WU U3 )*enari% )Ni en&&$ YAIT !eD!en en&&$ #0

ret%rn

PROCEDURE TOM
%)e a*t$ri +$r iD1 t$ re**$%nt45 !$ i i+ n%/e D UTOM CRUISEU W U TOM CRUISE are 1ar)ta &e... U3Lear4 &ate45 5 8 Lear4&atan53 U &e ani.U en&i+ en&+$r ret%rn

PROCEDURE PEARIPI
%)e *ine/a +$r iD1 t$ re**$%nt45 !$ i i+ n%/e+il/ D UPE ARIPILE MANTULUIU *$&D*$&+il/ en&i+ en&+$r %)e a*t$ri W U In +il/%l PE ARPILE MANTULUI a% 9%*at %r/at$rii a*t$ri: U +$r iD1 t$ re**$%nt45 !$ i i+ *$&+il/D*$& WU U3n%/e en&i+ en&+$r ret%rn

PROCEDURE ACTRITE
%)e a*t$ri )$rt t$ a*t1 $n nati$ %)e a*t1 W U Li)ta a*tritel$r *are n8a% (. &e ani e nati$nalitati: U +$r iD1 t$ re**$%nt45 #2

!$ i i+ 4Lear4&atan5C1KE15 .an&. 4)e7D UFU5 WU U3n%/e3 U in 1ar)ta &e U3Lear4&ate4558Lear4&atan53U ani.U en&i+ en&+$r ret%rn

PROCEDURE METERANI
%)e a*t$ri )$rt t$ a*ti $n &atanAD3 n%/e +$r nati$ D UROMANAU %)e a*ti W U A*t$rii 1eterani r$/ani )%nt: U i+ re**$%nt45C0 +$r iD1 t$ 0 !$ i W n%/e en&+$r el)e li)t n%/e en&i+ ret%rn

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*ISUAL +O3 PRO 4*+P5

66666666666666666666 Ti$u"i de $"!g"ama"e2 - li ia"a - st"u#tu"ata - !"ie tata $e !bie#te *+P este u mediu de $"!g"ama"e #a"e (!l!seste $"!g"ama"ea st"u#tu"ata. TIPURI DE DATE - ume"i# - sim$lu - dublu - i t"eg - m! eta" 4#u""e #75 - si" de #a"a#ate"e 8 #a"a#te" - ti$ data - l!gi# 2 t"ue 8 (alse - mem! - ge e"al Ti$u"i de date ume"i#e a5 date #a"e u su t i "egist"ate i (isie"e-tabele #i i mem!"ia i te" a - i "egist"ate $e 9 !#teti - au ma:im 11 #i("e b5 date #a"e se gases# i tabele- (isie"e db( - ume"i# sim$lu i "egist"ate 1 #a"a#te" $e 1 !#tet 41-'; !#teti5

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$"e#izie mi#a. e:em$lu2 11/ -< ) !#teti - ume"i# dublu $e t"u #al#ule #u =al!"i ma"i se "e$"ezi ta $e 9 !#teti - ume"i# i t"eg se "e$"ezi ta $e / !#teti u admite ze#imale - umet"i# m! eta" se "e$"ezi ta $e 9 !#teti a"e simb!lul m! eta" im$li#it > P"elu#"a"ea datel!" ume"i#e !$e"at!"ii2 - a"itmeti#i 2 ? . - . @ . 8 . @@4"idi#a"e la $ute"e5. 45 $a"a teze. - "elati! ali 2 A . A6 . < . <6 . A< sau B 4di(e"it5. - l!gi#i2 a d. !". !t. REzultatul $!ate (i TRUE sau +ALSE. Ti$ de date si" de #a"a#te"e - #u$"i d !"i#e#a"a#te" de $e tastatu"a - "e$"eze tate 1#a"a#te" $e 1 !#tet - su t i #ad"ate i t!tdeau a $e de a$!st"!a(e sau g,ilimele 4CC sau D D5. O$e"atii #u si"u"i de #a"a#te"e #! #ate a"e 66666666666 4?5 E CA aFC?CP!$C 6< A aFP!$ 4G5 E CA aFC-CP!$C 6< A aP!$F

P"elu#"a"ea si"u"il!" de #a"a#te"e 666666666666666666666666666 LEN 4Asi" 8 data de ti$ si" de #a"a#te"e<5 - a"ata lu gimea si"ului E:.2 ume6CI! Ste(a C Ele 4 ume5 6< 1; 4se uma"a si s$atiile5 - e:t"age"ea u ui subsi" di t"-u si" de #a"#ate"e SUBSTR 4Asi"<.Ade u de i #e$e e:t"age"ea<.A#ate #a"a#te"e e:t"ag<5 E SUBSTR 4 ume.0.15 6< $e e#"a =a a$a"ea2 Ste(a LE+T 4Asi"<A " de #a"a#te"e e:t"ase<5 RIG&T 4Asi"<A " de #a"a#te"e e:t"ase<5 REPLICATE 4A#a"a#te"<A uma" de a$a"itii<5 REPL4C9C.1;5 6< 9999999999 SPACE4A " de s$atii al!#ate<5 C!m$a"a"ea si"u"il!" 666666666666666666

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www.atestate-informatica.tk ALLTRI% 4Asi" de #a"a#te"e<5 - elimi a s$atiile de la i #e$utul si s(a"situl u ui si" LTRI% 4Asi" de #a"a#te"e<5 - elimi a s$atiile de la sta ga si"ului RTRI% 4Asi" de #a"a#te"e<5 - elimi a s$atiile de la d"ea$ta si"ului
De!a"e#e i *+P u e:ista a al!gie i t"e lite"ele ma"i si mi#i $e t"u #!m$a"a"e a (!st e#esa"a i t"!du#e"ea (u #tiil!"2 UPPER 4Asi" de #a"a#te"e<5 t"as(!"ma t!ate #a"a#te"ele i #a"a#te"e ma"i LOHER 4Asi" de #a"a#te"e<5 t"as(!"ma t!ate #a"a#te"ele i #a"a#te"e mi#i Date $e t"u gestiu ea tim$ului 66666666666666666666666666 - su t e#esa"i 9 !#teti $e t"u "e$"e7e ta"ea datei O$e"atii #u date de Cti$ dataC --------------------------------------data 6I;/8118J/K Edata ?/ 6< I;/8';8J/K Edata ?); 6< I;08118J/K Edat -1; 6< I;/8;18J/K A(isa"ea datei 4(!"mate de data5 -------------------------------------------set date t! ame"i#a 4LL8ZZ8AA5 b"itis, 4ZZ8LL8AA5 ANSI 4AA8LL8ZZ5 D%L 4ZZ8LL8AA5 set #e tu"7 ! M!(( DATE45 - a(iseaza data #u"e ta TI%E45 - a(iseaza !"a #u"e ta

Date de ti$ l!gi# 66666666666666 - "e$"eze tate $e 1 !#tet - $!t lua d!ua =al!"i2 + sau T - "ezulta i u"ma u !" e:$"esii l!gi#e Date de ti$ mem! 666666666666666 - (!l!site $e t"u $"elu#"a"ea te:tului di t"-u #am$ al tabelei #a d lu gimea a#estuia este (!a"te ma"e 4de e:em$lu ad"esa #!m$leta a (u" iz!"ului. date des$"e a#esta sau #a"e e#esita s#"ie"ea $e mai multe "a du"i5 a##esul i te"a#ti= la #am$u"ile mem! se (a#e #u CTRL?&O%E ia" iesi"ea i t!tdeau a #u sal=a"e CTRL?H Date de ti$ ge e"al

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6666666666666666 - se (!l!ses# atu #i #a d adu#em i #ad"ul u ui tabel eleme te #"eate #u aNut!"ul alt!" $"!g"ame CON*ERSII INTRE ti$u"ile de date 6666666666666666666666666666 ume"i# -< #a"a#te" STR 4Adate de ti$ ume"i#<.Alu gime<A ".ze#imale<5 sala"6';;;;;; ECSala"iul este C?st"4sala".J.'5?CleiC 6< Sala"iul este ';;;;;; lei #ale da"isti# -< #a"a#te" DTOC 4data #ale da"isti#a5 DTOS 4data #ale da"isti#a5 - $e t"u i de#si #a"a#te" -< (!"mat de ti$ data CTOD 4si" de #a"a#te"e5 #a"a#te" -< ume"i# *AL 4si" de #a"a#te"e5 ------------------------------------------M La sa"ea i e:e#utie a *+P M ------------------------------------------De(i i"ea (e"est"el!" utilizat!" DE+INE HINDOH OA umeF(e"east"a<P O+RO% A"a d.#!l!a a<P OTO A"a d.#!l!a a<P OTITLE Atitlu - si" de #a"a#te"e sau alte ti$u"i t"a s(!"mate i #a"#ate"<P O+LOATP OGROHP - su(ie#t da#a se (!l!ses# $"imele $at"u lite"e di #u=i tele #,eie2 e:em$lu2 DE+I HIND +EREASTRA +RO% 1;.1; t! '/.0; TITL C+e"east"a !uaC +LOA - $e t"u umele (e"est"ei utilizat!"ul $!ate (!l!si ma:im 1; #a"a#te"e. ume"e sau li ia de subli ie"e. i sa u $!t e:ista s$atii - u e#"a a"e '/ "a du"i si JQ #!l!a e - titlul (e"est"ei 4#a"e a$a"e i $a"tea de susu la a(isa"ea (e"est"ei5 este i #ad"at de g,ilimele sau a$!st"!(u"i - +LOAT 6 (e"east"a se $!ate muta 4(a"a at"ibut este (i:a5 - GROH 6 se $!t m!di(i#a dime siu ile (e"est"ei 4(a"a at"ibut este (i:a5 - a#ti=a"ea (e"est"el!" utilizat!" se (a#e #u aNut!"ul #!me zii2 ACTI*ATE HINDOH A umeF(e"east"a< - t!ate #!me zile #a"ei #e$ #u E se =!" a(isa i (e"east"a a#ti=a 41 la u m!me t dat5 - deza#ti=a"ea (e"est"el!" se (a#e #u #!ma da2 DEACTI*ATE HINDOH A umeF(e"east"a< #e a"e #a e(e#t ste"ge"ea (e"east"ei de $e e#"a - ste"ge"ea di mem!"ie se (a#e #u #!ma da2 RELEASE HINDOH A umeF(e"east"a< - la t!ate #!me zile $e t"u lu#"ul #u (e"est"e se $!ate s#,imba A umeF(e"east"a< #u ALL si e(e#tul =a (i la t!ate (e"est"ele =izibile sau di mem!"ie. du$a #az. *ARIABILE DE %E%ORIE

www.atestate-informatica.tk 66666666666666666666 I itializa"ea =a"iabilel!" i *+P se (a#e ast(el2

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STORE A=al!a"e< TO A umeF=a"iabila< sau A umeF=a"iabila< 6 A=al!a"e< C!ma da DISPLAL %E%ORL LIRE OAsabl! <P (a#e #a t!ate =a"iabilele di mem!"ie sa (ie listate la e#"a LIRE OAsabl! <P - a(iseaza selle#ti= d!a" =a"iabilele #a"e #!"es$u d sabl! ului DISP %E%O LIRE #u"s@ - =a"iabilele de mem!"ie $!t (i sal=ate i t"-u (isie" #u e:te sia @.mem de u de $!t (i "estau"ate i mem!"ie sau ste"se SAL*ARE 8 STERGERE 8 RESTAURARE =a"iabile de mem!"ie 6666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666 a5 sal=a"e SA*E TO A umeF(isie".mem< OLIRE M E3CEPT AlistaF=a"iabile<P b5"estau"a"e RESTORE +RO% A umeF(isie".mem< #5ste"ge"e RELEASE AlistaF=a"iabile< M ALL M LIRE M E3CEPT A(isa"ea =a"iabilel!" $e e#"a sau la im$"ima ta --------------------------------------------------------------------E - a(iseaza listaF=a"iabile EE - a(iseaza listaF=a"iabile di l!#ul u de a "amas #u"s!"ul OPICTURE Asabl! <P O+UNCTION Asabl! <P OAT Ae:$"esieF ume"i#a<P O+ONT A umeF(! t<P Ama"imeF#a"a#te"< OSTLLE A#!dFst7le<P - $!ate (i2 B.U.I u de2 PICTURE - "est"a ge d!me iul de a(isa"e la sabl! Q 6 ume"i# . 6 $!zitia ma"#ii ze#imale : 6 !"i#e #a"a#te" e:.2 ume6CP!$es#uC sala"iu6'0;;;;; E ume $i#tu"e C:::::::::C 6< P!$es#uFF E Csala"iu2C?sala"iu $i#tu"e CQQQQQQQQQ.QQC 6< sala"iu2FF'0;;;;;.;; +UNCTION C>C a(iseaza simb!lul m! eta" im$li#it CEC a(iseaza data i m!d eu"!$ea ECData2 C.date45 (u #t CEC 6< Data2 ;Q8;Q8;1 AT - a(iseaza D#e=aD la ! a umita $!zitie A"a d.#!l!a a<

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%!dul de lu#"u #u #!m$ilat!"ul --------------------------------------------%ODI+L CO%%AND A umeF$"!g"am< - des#,ide (e"east"a u de $utem s#"ie #!me zile *+P - iesi"ea se (a#e #u CTRL?H $e t"u sal=a"e 6< #!m $ila"ea $"!g"amului i #!d masi a - sau +ile -< NeS -< P"!g"am DO A umeF$"!g"am< - la seaza i e:e#utie u $"!g"am #u e:te sia @.$"g 4#! ti e #!em zi =isual (!: $"!5 - =e"siu ea i teleasa de *+P este #!m$ilata i (isie".(:$ C!me zi SET ------------------- s#,imba seta"ile iml$i#ite2 SET DE+AULT TO A#ale< SET POINT TO Ama"#aFze#imale< SET CURRENCL TO Asimb!lFm! eta"< SET CURRENCL RIG&T I t"!du#e"ea datel!" de la tastatu"a --------------------------------------------------ACCEPT A#!me ta"iu< TO A umeF=a"iabila< - $t". #a"a#te"e INPUT A#!me ta"iu< TO A umeF=a"iabila< - $t". date de ti$ ume"i# E:em$lu2 %ODI CO%% +ACTURA CLEAR SET POINT TO C.C SET CURR TO CleiC SET CURR RIG&T NU%E6SPACE41'5 ADR6CNATURII 11C UFCIT61'9.1' LEIRH61/;Q CLEAR DE+I HIND + +RO% 1.1 TO 10.J; TITLE C+ACTURA DE ENERGIE ELECTRICAC +LOAT GROH ACTI HIND + E CNU%E CONSU%ATOR2 C.NU%E CARIALC.'; STLLE CB.IC E CADRESA2 C. ADR E CULTI%A CITIRE2 C. UFCIT PICT CQQQQ.QQC. CRS8!"aC ACCEPT CCITIRE CURENTA2 C TO CITFC E CPRET RH2 C.LEIRH PICT CQQQQ.QQC +UNC C>C EEC*ALOARE +ACTURA2 C.4CITFC-UFCIT5@LEIRH PICT CQQQQQQQ.QQC +UNC C>C E CDATA PLATII2 C.DATE45?C C +UNC CEC EECTER%EN SCADENT2 C.DATE45?); +UNC CEC HAIT CC CLEAR DEACTI HIND + CANCEL STRUCTURI ALTERNATI*E

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-------------------------------------E:em$lu2 %ODI CO%% AB.PRG CLEAR INPUT CA6C TO A INPUT CB6C TO B I+ A<B ECA ESTE %AI %ARE DECAT BC ELSE ECB ESTE %AI %ARE DECAT AC ENDI+ CTRL?H DO AB

STRUCTURILE ALTERNATIME
testeaza ! #! ditie si du$a #um #! ditia este ade=a"ata sau (alsa $"!g"amul #! ti ua $e u a di #ele d!ua "amu"i2 "amu"a de ade=a"at sau "amu"a de (als. S#,emati# I+ se "e$"ezi ta i t"-u "!mb. Sa se s#"ie se#=e ta de $"!g"am #a"e sa i t"!du#a de la tastatu"a u A si u B stii d #a a#estia su t #!e(i#ie tii u ei e#uatii de g"adul 1 #u 1 e#u !s#uta. 4a:?b6;5 sa se testeze da#a a6;. #az i #a"e este ! e#uatie im$!sibil de "ez!l=at. I #az #! t"a" se =a a(isa :. %ODI CO%% ECUATIE DE+I HIND A +RO% 1;.1; TO 1;.1; TITLE CECUATIA a: ? b 6 ;C ACTI HIND A INPUT CA6C TO A INPUT CB6C TO B I+ A6; ECECUATIA NU SE POATE REZOL*AC ELSE EC36B8A6C.B8APICT CQQQQ.QQC ENDI+ HAIT HIND C!R TC DEACTI HIND A #lea" CANCEL #!ma da DO CASE --------------------------des#"ie ! st"u#tu"a alte" ati=a ge e"alizata. +!"matul ge e"al2 DO CASE CASE #! ditie1 CO%ENZI CASE #! ditie' CO%ENZI CASE #! ditie) CO%ENZI CASE #! ditie/ CO%ENZI CASE #! ditie0 CO%ENZI CASE #! ditie1 CO%ENZI OT&EHISE CO%ENZI

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ENDCASE Sa se s#"ie se#=. de $"!g"am #a"e i t"-! (e"east"a sa i t"!du#a u a di zilele sa$tama ii. I (u #tie de ZIUA ALEASA t"ebuies# a(isate u"mat!a"ele t"ebu"i2 Lu i - la $iata - la se"=i#i %a"ti - la #i ema - la se"=i#i %ie"#u"i- ziua lui I! U!i - la se"=i#i *i e"i - la se"=i#i - la $i# i# %ODI CO%% ZILE CLEAR DE+I HIND A +RO% 1;.1; TO 1;.1; TITLE CECUATIA a: ? b 6 ;C ACTI HIND A INPUT CI #e zi su tem EC t! Z DO CASE CASE Z6CLUNIC EC- la $iataC EC- la se"=i#iC CASE Z6C%ARTIC EC- la #i emaC EC- la se"=i#iC CASE Z6C%IERCURIC EC- ziua lui I! C CASE Z6CUOIC EC- la se"=i#iC CASE Z6C*INERIC EC- la se"=i#iC EC- la $i# i#C OT&ERHISE ECN-AI NI%IC DE +ACUT ETTTC ENDCASE HAIT HIND C!R TC DEACTI HIND A #lea" CANCEL BAZE DE DATE 4"elati! ale5 ---------------------------------------O baza de date #! ti e mai multe tabele 4tabele.db(5 ------------------------------------------M tabel.db( M -------------------------------------------#!d ume ad"esa st"u#tu"a tabelei --------------------------------------------#1 i! timis!a"a #' =asile iasi i "egist"a"i8a"ti#!l8"e#!"d #) g,e!"g,e #"ai!=a -------------------------------------------#am$1 #am$' #am$)

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-------------------------------------------Cam$ul este #ea mai mi#a u itate ad"esabila. Cam$ul $!ate (i 2 - m!di(i#at - ste"s - i l!#uit %OD DE LUCRU2 - INTERACTI* 4PRIN BROHSE5 - PRIN COD 4LI%BAU *+O35

PRELUCRAREA INTERACTI*A2 CREAREA u ei tabele2 -< #li#V $e eS -< ume -< st"u#tu"a #am$u"il!" -< i t"!du#e"ea i "egist"a"il!" DESC&IDEREA tabelel!" -< but! ul !$e -< but! ul "adi! Ce:#lusi=eC bi(at $e"mite !"i#e m!di(i#a"i. alt(el tabela se des#,ide "ead! l7. +e"east"a b"!Sse $e"mite mad!(i#a"ea i "egist"a"ii #u"e te. I "egist"a"ea #u"e ta #ea $e #a"e se $!ziti! eaza la u m!memt dat INDICATORUL DE INREGISTRARI. %ENIUL TABLE a$a"e d!a" #a d a=em ! tabela des#,isa 4a#ti=a5 si (e"east"a b"!Sse e a#ti=a. C!ma da GO TO RECORD l!#alizeaza ! a umita i "egist"a"e (u #tie de ! a umita #! ditie.

INDECSI COMPUSI
--------------------------I $"a#ti#a este e=!ie sa i de:am i "egist"a"ile u ui tabel du$a mai multe #"ite"ii -< i de: #!m$us. Ca "egula i #ad"ul i de#sil!" #!m$usi t"ebuie sa ami tim (a$tul #a t!ate #am$u"ile t"ebuie sa (ie de a#elasi ti$ -< (u #tii de #! =e"sii. T!tul se #! =e"teste i ti$ul #a"a#te". e:em$lu2 #!d#u"s ? st"4 "mat".05 I de:ul t"ebuie #"eat i ai te de a##esa"e. C!ma da de a#esa"e a tabelei este 2 use tabel.db( !"de" #!d#u"s ? st"4 "mat".05 b"!Sse t"as(!"ma"ea datei i #a"a#te" se (a#e $e t"u i de: #u 2 dt!s 4;18;18';;15 sau dt!#4data.15 DESC&IDEREA UNUI TABEL USE NU%ETABEL +UNCTII EO+45 - $e"mite dete#ta"ea s(a"sitului de tabel BO+45 - $e"mite dete#ta"ea i #e$utului de tabel +OUND45 - #! stata da#a #auta"ea u ui a"ti#!l a a=ut sau u su##es

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CO%ENZI #a"e s#,imba $!zitia #! t!"ului de i "egist"a"i GO TO TOP 8 BOTTO% 8 A " "e#!"d< SRIP - sa"e la u"mat!a"ea i "egist"a"e LOCATE - #auta u a"ti#!l #a"e i de$li este #! ditia di d"ea$ta lui +O". Cauta"ea se !$"este i m!me tul i #a"e se gaseste $"imul a"ti#!l #a"e satis(a#e a#esta #! ditie2 LOCATE +OR A#! ditie< Ad!me iu< H&ILE A#! ditie< u de2 A#! ditia< - #! ditia de #auta"e Ad!me iu< - d!me iu de #auta"e - all 4t!t tabelul5 - e:t 4de la $!zitia #u"s!"ului la i "egist"a"i5 - "est 4de la $!zitia #u"s!"ului la s(a"situl tabelei5 Obs.2 Da#a LOCATE u gaseste i#i u a"ti#!l #a"e sa satis(a#a #! ditia i di#at!"ul de i "egist"a"i =a (i $e EO+. use "egF#at l!#ate (!" ume6Ci! elC l!#ate (!" #!d#u"s6CaNutC a d ume6Ci! C l!#ate (!" #!d#u"s6C$"!gC a d ume6Cda C l!#ate (!" #!d#u"s6CaNutC l!#ate (!" ume6Cda C S,ile #!d#u"s6CaNutC CONTINUE - e:e#uta i #! ti ua"e #auta"ea du$a #! ditia $"e#ede tului LOCATE45 SET E3ACT O++ - l!#alizeaza $e t!ti $e "a d #u"sa ti .db( -----------------$!$e $!$es#u $!$ $!$i#i i! $!$a $!$e7 a a SET E3ACT O++ l!#ate (!" ume6C$!$C dis$la7 $!$e #! ti ue dis$ $!$ #! ti ue dis$ $!$e7 #! ti ue dis$ $!$es#u Sa se s#"ie ! se#=e ta de $"!g"am #a"e i t"-! (e"east"a sa i t"!du#a u #aute si sa a(iseze datele $e"s! ale ale a#estuia. %ODI CO%% CAUTARE CLEAR DE+I HIND A +RO% 1;.1; TO 0;.0; ACTI HIND A USE REGFCAT ACCEPT CPe #i e #auti EC TO %NUNE LOCATE +OR NU%E6%NU%E ume di tabelul "egF#at. sa il

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I+ +OUND45 ECDatele #u"sa tuluiC E "e$l4C6C.195 E CNU%E SI PRENU%EC. NU%E E CDATA NASTERIIC. DATAN +UNC CEC E CCOD CURSC. CODCURS E CNOTA DOS2C. ND PICT CQQ.QQC ELSE E CNU E3ISTA CURSANTUL CU NU%ELE C.%NU%E ENDI+ HAIT HIND CC DEACTI HIND A CANCEL STRUCTURI REPETITI*E ------------------------------------ $e"mit "e$eta"ea $t. u uma" (i it de !"i M-< #! ditie --< (alsa 4iese di bu#la5 M M M ade=a"ata ------ #!me zi DO H&ILE A#! ditie< LOOP E3IT ........... #!me zi ........... ENDDO De atatea !"i se "e$eta #!me zile #u$"i se i t"e DO H&ILE si ENDDO #at tim$ #! ditia este ade=a"ata. I m!me tul #a d #! ditia de=i e (alsa $"!g"amul #! ti ua #u $"ima #!ma da de du$a ENDDO. E:em$lu2 %ODI CO%% LISTA CLEAR USE REGFCAT ECCOD CURSC EEC NU%E SI PRENU%EC EEC %EDIAC EREPL 4C6C./;5 DO H&ILE NOT EO+45 ECODCURS EE NU%E AT 1' EE 4N1?N'?N)?N/?N0?N1?NJ58J PICT CQQ.QQC AT )' SRIP ENDDO HAIT HIND CANCEL CLAUZA LOOP SI E3IT 666666666666666666

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Clauza LOOP $e"mite i t!a"#e"ea la $"ima #!ma da de du$a DO H&ILE.ia" #luza E3IT $e"mite iesi"ea di #i#lul DO H&ILE ... ENDDO. DO H&ILE ..... LOOP ..... ENDDO E3IT De !bi#ei a#este d!ua #lauze t"ebuie i #luse i t"-! st"u#tu"a alte" ati=a I+ sau DO CASE. E:em$lu2 CLEAR USE REGFCAT E CLISTA CURSANTILOR CARE AU PRO%O*ATC E REPL 4C6C./;5 EECNU%EC AT 10 EECFFF%EDIAC AT ); E REPL 4CFC./;5 DO H&ILE NOT EO+45 I+ 4N1?N'?N)?N/?N0?N1?NJ58J<60 SRIP LOOP ENDI+ ECODCURS EENU%E AT 10 EE4N1?N'?N)?N/?N0?N1?NJ58J PICT CQQ.QQC SRIP I+ CODCURS6CAUUTC E3IT ENDI+ ENDDO A+ISAREA CONTINUTULUI TABELEI ----------------------------------------------------DISPLAL - a(iseaza (ie i $"!g"am (ie i te"a#ti= #! ti utul tabelei a#ti=e DISPLAL OAlistaF#am$u"i8e:$"esie<POAd!me iu<P O+ORA#! ditie<POH&ILEA#! ditie<P OTO PRINTER8TO +ILEA umeF(isie"<P u de2 USE PLATI dis$ RECORDB NR%AT CODCURS SERIE ... 1 ))' aNut 1 ... De umi"ea #am$u"il!" se $!ate s#,imba SET &EADING O++ =a a$a"ea2 DISP NR%AT CODCURS SERIE ... RECORDB 1 ))' aNut 1 ... Ad!me iu< ALL - a(iseaza t!ate i "egist"a"ile

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NE3T ". - u"mat!a"ele ". i "egist"a"i REST - u"mat!a"ele i "egist"a"i i #e$a d #u #ea #u"e ta $a a la s(a"situl tabelului RECORD ". - umai i "egist"a"ea #u ". +OR A#! ditie< - a(iseaza umai i "egist"a"ile #a"e satis(a# #! ditia H&ILE A#! ditie< - $e t"u #! ditie ade=a"ata se a(iseaza i "egist"a"ile ia" $e t"u #! ditie (alsa u se a(iseaza imi# PRELUCRAREA ARTICOLELOR UNUI TABEL 6666666666666666666666666666666666666 Edita"ea a"ti#!lel!" $"i #!ma da BROHSE ------------------------------------------------------------BROHSE O(ieldsAlistaF#am$u"i<POAd!me iu<P O+ORA#! ditie<POH&ILEA#! ditie<P O+ONTA umeF(! t<.ma"imePOSTLLE CB M I M UCP #am$1. #am$'. .... #am$O2RP #am$ul $!ate (i d!a" #itit O2=6A#! ditie<PO2+A#! ditie<PO2EAmesaNFdeFe"!a"e<P e:.2 USE REGFCAT BROH +IELDS NR%AT2R.NU%E.CODCURS2*4CODCURS6CAUUTC OR CODCURS6COPERC52+ 2E6 CEROAREFCODFCURSC A#tualiza"ea a"ti#!lel!" --------------------------------A5 ADAUGARE DE ARTICOLE a$$e d SAU a$$e d bla V b"!S b5%ODI+ICAREA CONTINUTULUI UNUI CA%P REPLACE A#am$1< HIT& A=al!a"e1<. A#am$'< HIT& A=al!a"e'< u de2 A#am$1<A#am$'< - #am$u"ile a #a"!" #! ti ut =a (i m!di(i#at A=al!a"e1<A=al!a"e'< - i (!"matiile #u #a"e =!m m!di(i#a #am$u"ile e:2 LOCATE +OR NU%E6CANA POPC REPLACE NU%E HIT& CALINA POPESCUC E3ERCITIU2 %ODI CO%% %ODI+ICARE CLEAR DE+I HIND +1 +RO%... DE+I HIND +' +RO%... USE REGFCAT RASP6CDAC DO H&ILE UPPER4RASP56CDAC

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ACTI HIND +1 CLEAR ACCEPT CDE LA CE CURS ESTE E C TO %CURS ACCEPT DCU% SE NU%ESTE E D TO %NU%E LOCATE +OR CODCURS6%CURS AND NU%E6%NU%E I+ +OUND45 DISP CODCUS.NU%E.DATAN ACCEPT CACESTA ESTE E C TO R I+ UPPER4R56CDAC ACCEPT CTASTEAZA NOUL NU%EC TO NU%EFNOU REPLACE NU%E HIT& NU%EFNOU ENDI+ ELSE ECNU E3ISTA LA CURSUL C.%CURS.C NU%ELE C. %NU%E ENDI+ ACTI HIND +' CLEAR ACCEPT C%AI AI DE %ODI+ICATC TO RASP ENDDO USE HAIT HIND CATI TER%INAT DE %ODI+ICATC DEACTI HIND ALL E3ERCITIUL ' ADAUGARE2 %ODI CO%% ADAUGARE CLEAR SET &EADING O++ USE CURSURI DE+I HIND +1... DE+I HIND +'... RASP6CDAC DO H&ILE UPPER4RASP56CDAC ACTI HIND +1 CLEAR ACCEPT CCODUL CURSULUI E C TO %CURS ACCEPT DDENU%IREA CURSULUI E D TO %DEN INPUT CCATE %ODULE ARE E C TO %%OD APPEND BLANR REPL CODCURS HIT& %CURS. DENU%IRE HIT& %DEN. NR%ODULE HIT& %%OD ACTI HIND +' CLEAR ACCEPT C%AI AI DE ADAUGAT E C TO RASP ENDDO USE HAIT HIND CATI TER%INAT DE ADAUGATC DEACTI HIND ALL CO%ENZILE SCATTER SI GAT&ER 66666666666666666666666666666 - AUUTA utilizat!"ul la utiliza"ea tabelel!". SCATTER %E%*AR - #!$iaza #! ti utul a"ti#!lului #u"e t i mem!"ie #"ei d #am$u"ile #!"es$u zat!a"e #u a#elasi ume $a #a"e le au si i tabel. GAT&ER %E%*AR - "ealizeaza t"a s(e"ul di mem!"ie i #am$u"ile a"ti#!lului #u"e t. E:em$lu2

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Sa se m!di(i#e $"!g"amul de adauga"e (!l!si du-se #!me zile s#atte" si gat,e". Sa se ia ! =a"iabila i #a"e sa se ume"e #ate a"ti#!le sau adaugat si la s(a"sit sa se a(iseze #! ti utul a#estei =a"iabile. %ODI CO%% ADAUG CLEAR USE CURSURI DE+I HIND + +RO% 1.1 TO 10.1; TITLE CADAUGARI LA TABELUL CURSURI.DB+C DE+I HIND +1 +RO% ';.1 TO '/.1; TITLE C%AI CONTINUATI EC RASP6CDAC ADAUG6; DO H&ILE UPPER4RASP6CDAC5 ACTI HIND + CLEAR APPE BLANR SCATTER %E%*AR ACCEPT CCODUL NOULUI CURSC TO CODCURS ACCEPT CDENU%IREA NOULUI CURSC TO DENU%IRE INPUT CNU%AR DE %ODULEC TO NR%ODULE ACCEPT CARE E3A%EN EC TO E3A%EN GAT&ER %E%*AR ADAUG 6 ADAUG?1 ACTI HIND +1 CLEAR ACCEPT C%AI AI DE ADAUGAT EC TO RASP ENDDO ACTI HIND + CLEAR E CS-AU ADAUGATC.ADAUG PICT6CQQC. CARTICOLEC E CPROGRA%UL DE ADAUGARI S-A INC&EIATC +ONT CARIALC.11 STLLE CBIC HAIT HIND COV TC DEACTI HIND ALL USE CANCEL STERGEREA INREGISTRARILOR -----------------------------------------------%ARCAREA PENTRU STERGERE DELETE OAd!me iu<PO+OR A#! mditie<POH&ILE A#! ditie<P u de2 delete - ma"#,eza $t. ste"ge"e a"t. #u"e t USE REGFCAT GOTO 0 DELETE DISP CODCURS. NU%E ALL ARTICOLELE %ARCATE$e t"u ste"ge"e i $"elu#"a"ea l!" de$i d de #!ma da SET DELETED O++ M ON - !(( 4im$li#it5 - a"ti#!lele ma"#ate su t $"elu#"ate la (el #u #ele ema"#ate - ! - a"ti#!lele ma"#ate NU su t $"elu#"ate #!ma da PACR (a#e #a a"ti#!lele ma"#ate sa (ie ste"se de(i iti= di tabel a#easta "ealiza du-se $"i "e#!$ie"ea a"t. "amase

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E:em$lu2 Sa se s#"ie $"!g"amul de ste"ge"i a a"ti#!lel!" i de ti(i#ate $"i #!d#u"s si ume i "egist". #a"e u"meaza a (i stea"sa %ODI CO%% STERG CLEAR USE CURSURI DE+I HIND + +RO% 1.1 TO 10.1; TITLE CSTERGERI LA TABELUL CURSURI.DB+C DE+I HIND +1 +RO% ';.1 TO '/.1; TITLE C%AI CONTINUATI E C RASP6CDAC STERG6; DO H&ILE UPPER4RASP56CDAC ACTI HIND + CLEAR ACCEPT CDE LA CE CURS EC TO %CURS ACCEPT CCU% SE NU%ESTE EC TO %NU%E LOCATE +OR CODCURS6%CURS AND DENU%IRE6%NU%E I+ +OUND45 DISP CODCURS.NR%ODULE.DENU%IRE.E3A%EN ACCEPT CACESTA ESTE EC TO R I+ UPPER4R56 CDAC DELETE STERG6STERG?1 ENDI+ ELSE E CNU E3ISTA CURSANTULC.%NU%E. CPENTRU CURSULC.%CURS ENDI+ ACTI HIND +1 CLEAR ACCEPT C%AI CONTINUATI E C TO RASP ENDDO DEACTI HIND ALL DISP CODCURS.DENU%IRE.NR%ODULE.E3A%EN ALL ACCEPT CLE STERGI EC TO RASPUNS I+ RASPUNS6CDAC PACR ECS-AU STERSC. STERG PICT CQQC. CINREGISTRARIC ENDI+ CANCEL E3E%PLU PROGRA% CO%PLE32 *AR6SPACE415 RASP6CDAC DO H&ILE RASP6CDAC ACCEPT CCE *REI SA +ACI E C TO *AR I+ *ARBCADAUGAC AND *ARBC%ODI+C AND *ARBCSTERGC AND *ARBCTER%INC E CCOD OPERATIE GRESITC LOOP ENDI+ DO CASE CASE *AR6CAC CASE *AR6C%C CASE *AR6CSC

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CASE *AR6CTC OT&ERHISE ENDCASE CANCEL Ste"ge"ea ma"#aNului $"i #!ma da RECALL - STERGE ma"#aNul di ai tea a"ti#!lului #a"e a (!st $us de #!ma da DELETE (!"mat ge e"al2 RECALL OAd!me iu<PO+OR A#! ditie<POH&ILEA#! ditie<P USE REGFCAT DELETE +OR CODCURS6CAUUTC DISP CODCURS.NU%E ALL RECALL +OR CODCURS6CAUUTC CLEAR DISP CODCURS.NU%E ALL

OPERATII CU +ISIERE @.DB+ ---------------------------------------- #!$ie"e st"u#tu"a COPL STRU t! umeFtabelF !u.db( O(ields ALISTA#am$u"i<P OHIT&P #d: "ezulta2 #!$7 st"u t! ume.db( se #"eaza u tabel !u #u a##easi st"u#tu"a #u a tabel a#ti= da" (a"a #! ti ut ? (ields lista #am$u"i 4se =!" #!$ia umai #am$u"ile #u$"i se i lista5 ? HIT& #d: 4se #!$iaza si i de:u"ile $e t"u !ul (isie"5 E3E%PLU2 USE REGFCAT COPL STRU TO COPIE' +IELDS CODCURS.NR%AT.NU%E.DATAN.LOCN HIT& CD3 - #!$ie"ea #! ti ut COPL TO umeFtabelF !u.db( OAd!me iu<P O+OR A#! ditie<POH&ILEA#! ditie<POHIT& #d:P OTLPE PO(ields ALISTA#am$u"i<P - #!$iaza #! ti utul (isie"ului a#ti= i t"-u alt (isie" db(. !ul (isie" a=a d a#elasi #! ti ut E:em$lu2

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USE REGFCAT COPL TO COPIE1 COPL TO COPIE1 +OR CODCURS6CAUUTC COPL TO COPIE1; NE3T 1; COPL TO COPLNOTE +IELDS N1.N'.N).N/.N0.N1.NJ - adauga"e de i "egist"a"i la u tabel e:iste t 4#ele d!ua tabele au a#eiasi st"u#tu"a5 APPE +RO% umetabel.db( O(ields ALISTA#am$u"i<PO+OR A#! ditie<P UNDE2 umetabel.db( 6 tabela de u de =!" (i luate i "egist"a"ile si adaugate la s(a"situl tabelului #u"e t USE REGFCAT COPL TO COPIE USE COPIE APPEND +RO% REGFCAT CO%ENZI STATISTICE 666666666666666666 - e:e#uta #al#ule statisti#e SU% Olista e:$"esii8#am$POAd!me iu<PO+OR A#! ditie<POH&ILE A#! ditie<P t! NU%EF=a"iabila USE PLATI SU% AC&ITAT TO TOTAL - CALCULUL %EDIEI A*ERAGE Olista e:$"esii8#am$POAd!me iu<PO+OR A#! ditie<POH&ILE A#! ditie<P t! NU%EF=a"iabila USE PLATI A*ERAGE ND (!" #!d#u"s6C!$e"C t! %ediad!s INDE3AREA 6666666666 - Pe"mite a##esul l!gi# i t"-! a umita !"di e la a"ti#!lele u ui tabel dat de #,eia de i de:a"e. - se #"eaza se$a"at-<i te"a#ti=W u $"i #!me zi i $"!g"am i de#si - est"u#tu"ali 4i (isie"e #u ume di(e"it de umele tabelului su"sa5 - st"u#tu"ali 4mem!"ati i t"-u (isie" #u a#elasi ume #u tabelul su"sa da" de e:te sie #d:5 (isie" multii de: - #! ti e t!ate #,eile de i de:a"e *izualiza"ea #! ti utului (isie"ului #d: se (a#e #u2 DISPLAL STATUS

www.atestate-informatica.tk INDECSI STRUCTURALI $!t (i2 - "egula"4 !"mal52 i de#si #a"e $e t"u (ie#a"e a"ti#!l di tabel.db( #"eaza ! i "egist"a"e i tabel.#d: 4admit si du$li#a"ea #,eii de i de:a"e5 - u i#i2 i de#si #a"e i t"!du# ! si gu"a =al!a"e $e t"u ! #,eie i (isie"ul #d: . I tabel "ama =al!"ile. O si gu"a #,eie i t"-u tabel $!ate (i u i#a. - #a didat2 u admite =al!"i duble. da" $utem sa a=em mai multi i de#si

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#a didati i t"-u tabel. - $"ima"2 #a d lu#"am #u mai multe tabeleW u admite =al!"i duble. C"ea"ea i de#sil!" -------------------------- se #"eaza i te"a#ti= i tabel desig e" - i #azul i de#sil!" #!m$usi #am$u"ile #a"e i t"a i #!m$! e ta a#est!"a se #! =e"teste i ti$ul #a"a#te" - (u #tiile de #! =e"sie su t2 STR4#am$F ume"i#.lu gime. "Fze#imale5 DTOS4AdataF#ale da"isti#a<5 OBS.2 I m!me tul e:t"age"ii zilei.lu ii sau a ul di t"-! data #ale da"isti#a a#estea su t ume"e #a"e t"ebuies# #! =e"tite #a ume"e. e:.2 #!d#u"s?st"47ea"4data 5./5 e:.2 #!d#u"s?st"4 "mat.05?DTOS4data 5 #"ea"ea i de#sil!" $"i #!d2 6666666666666666666666 INDE3 ON Ae:$"esieFdeFi de:a"e< Oas#e di g4im$li#it5Mdes#e di gP TAG A umeF#,eie< e:.2 INDE3 ON st"4a #u"s./5?#!d#u"s?st"4se"ie.'5? ume TAG #,eia1 Des#,ide"ea tabelului i de:at ------------------------------------------USE A umeFtabel< ORDER A umeF#,eie< S#,imba"ea #,eii de i de:a"e i tim$ul e:e#itiei $"!g"amului 2 SET ORDER TO A umeF#,eie< Oas#e di g4im$li#it5Mdes#e di gP SET ORDER TO - "e=i e la #,eia i itiala LOCATE (a#e ! #auta"e se#=e tiala I #azul tabelel!" i de:ate #auta"ea se (a#e i a##es di"e#t. Pe t"u a#easta i de:ul maste" 4a#ti=5 t"ebuie sa #!"es$u da #,eii du$a #a"e se (a#e #auta"ea. +!:-ul #auta i tai i (isie"ul #d:. ia" i m!mem tul i #a"e gasese #,eia #autata sa"e i tabelul db( la a"ti#!lul "es$e#ti=. C!ma da de #auta"e este2 SEER 4Ae:$"esie<5 u de2 e:$"esie 6 e:$"esia #,eii de i de:a"e ? i (!"matia #autata E:em$lu2 set !"de" ume a##e$t CCum se umeste E C t! m ume seeV 4m ume5 set !"de" t! a i $ut CA ul #u"sului2 C t! ma a##e$t CC!dul #u"sului2 C t! #!d#u"s a##e$t CNume #u"sa t2 C t! m ume seeV st"4ma ./5? m#u"s ? m ume #a d lu#"am $"i #!d seeV45 este u"mata de (!u d452 i( (!u d

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dis$ #!d#u"s. ume.data e di( Ste"ge"ea #,eil!" de i de:a"e ----------------------------------------- i tabel desig e" sau $"i #!d #u #!ma da2 DELETE TAG AlistaF#,eiFdeFi de:a"e< DELETE TAG ume.a Cam$u"ile mem! 66666666666666 Pe t"u (isie"ul db( #a"e a"e #am$u"i mem! . e:ista as!#iat u tabel de e:te sie .($t I #am$ul mem! e:ista u #!d #a"e e a"ata da#a #am$ul este g!l sau #! ti e ! i (!"matie. de aseme ea se gaseste i (!"matie #a"e e du#e la l!#ul de de$!zita"e a i (!"matiei -< tabel.($t Pe t"u a =edea sau #! st"ui a#este #am$u"i2 1.i t"am i b"!Sse '.dublu#li#V $e mem! ).se des#,ide ! (e"east"a de edita"e u de $utem i t"!du#e !"i#e sau d!a" sa-l =izualizam /.du$a edita"e sal=am #! ti utul #u CTRL?H Utiliza"ea u ui (ilt"u ----------------------------SET +ILTER TO A#! ditie< u de2 #! ditie este #! ditia de (ilt"a"e 4sim$la sau #!m$usa5 Obs.2 O #!ma da SET +ILTER este =alabila umai $e t"u tabelul a#ti=. adi#a tabelul "es$e#ti= t"ebuie sa (ie des#,is i ai te de a da #!ma da. e:em$lu2 use "egF#at set (ilte" t! #!d#u"s6CaNutC a d 1<61 dis$ #!d#u"s. ume. 1 all RELATII INTRE TABELE 66666666666666666666 Sele#ta"ea u ei z! e de lu#"u ----------------------------15 #!ma da2 SELECT Az! a de lu#"u< u de2 Az! a de lu#"u<61.'.)./.0.1.J. ... .)'J1J '5 USE umeFtabel IN Az! a de lu#"u< e:.2 SELE 1 USE REGFCAT DISP CODCURS.NU%E.DATAN ALL SELE ' USE PLATI DISP CODCURS.NR%AT.AC&ITAT ALL SELE 1

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DISP CODCURS.NU%E.DATAN ALL PENTRU STABILIREA UNEI RELATII INTRE TABELE2 15 ACESTEA TREBUIESC INDE3ATE SI DESC&ISE DUPA ACEEASI C&EIE DE INDE3ARE. '5 UNA DINTRE TABELE ESTE PARINTE SI CEALALTA COPIL )5 TREBUIE SA NE GASI% IN ZONA DE LUCRU IN CARE ESTE DESC&IS PARINTELE /5 *O% ANUNTA RELATIA INTRE TABELE CU CO%ANDA2 SET RELATION TO Ae:$"esiaF#,eiiFdeFi de:a"e< INTO A umeFtabelF#!$il< e:.2 a=em i de:ul #!mu 2 C&EIE16CODCURS?STR4NR%AT580 SELE 1 USE PLATI ORDER C&EIE1 SELE ' USE REGFCAT ORDER C&EIE1 @C&EIE1 POATE A*EA ALT NU%E DAR ACELASI CONTINUT SELE 1 SET RELATION TO CODCURS?STR4NR%AT580 INTO REGFCAT DISP #!d#u"s. "mat.REGFCAT.NU%E.a#,itat ALL CLOSE ALL - i #,ide t!ate tabele i di(e"e t de z! a i #a"e este des#,isa Ca d d!"im sa a##esam u #am$ #a"e se gaseste i alta z! a de lu#"u de#at #ea #u"e ta2 i ai tea #am$ului =!m i t"!du#e umele tabelui u"mat de u $u #t2 TABEL.CA%P Sa se s#"ie u $"!g"am #a"e sa #! sulte d!ua tabele2 %ODULE.DB+ si CURSURI.DB+ . Talebul %ODULE este $a"i te. %!dule.db( i de:at du$a #!d#u"s si ". %!dulului #u"su"i.db( i de:at du$a #!d#u"s. m!di #!mm #u"sm!dul CLEAR CLOSE ALL @@@@@@@@@@@@@@ SELE 1 USE %ODULE ORDER CODCURS SELE ' USE CURSURI ORDER CODCURS SELE 1 SET RELATION TO CODCURS INTO CURSURI @@@@@@sau@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ @@USE %ODULE ORDER CODCURS @@USE CURSURI IN ' ORDER CODCURS @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ GOTO TOP DE+I HIND H +RO% 1.1 TO '/.JQ TITLE CC! ti ut m!dule 8 #u"su"iC ACTI HIND H CLEAR E CCODUL CURSULUI2 C. CODCURS E REPL 4C6C.'05 E CDENU%IRE CURS2 C.CURSURI.DENU%IRE @@4a(iseaza #am$ di alte z! e5@@ E CNRCRTC AT 0 EE CCODC AT 10 EE CDENU%IRE %ODULC AT '0 EE CDURATAC AT 00 E REPL 4C6C.1;5 RAND61

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%CURS6CODCURS @@ #!d#u"s6aNut DO H&ILE NOT EO+45 I+ CODCURSB%CURS HAIT HIND Cte"mi at a(isa"e #u"sC CLEAR E CCODUL CURSULUI2 C. CODCURS E REPL 4C6C.'05 E CDENU%IRE CURS2 C.CURSURI.DENU%IRE @@4a(iseaza #am$ di alte z! e5@@ E CNRCRTC AT 0 EE CCODC AT 10 EE CDENU%IRE %ODULC AT '0 EE CDURATAC AT 00 E REPL 4C6C.1;5 RAND61 %CURS6CODCURS @@4INLOCUIESTE IN %E%ORIE #!d#u"s #u OPER5 ENDI+ E NRCRT AT 0 EE COD%OD AT 10 EE %ODUL AT '0 EE DURATA PICT CQQC AT 00 RAND6RAND?1 SRIP ENDDO HAIT HIND DEACTI HIND ALL CLOSE ALL CANCEL @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ "egF#at aNut ))1 ma"ia mi,ai... $lati aNut ))1 ma"i mi,ai ... aNut ))1 ma"i mi,ai ... aNut ))' sta #a =asile...

La lega"ea a ' tabele2 15 la ! i "egist"a"e di $a"i te ii #!"es$u de ! i "egist"a"e di #!$il 4! e t! ! e5 '5 la ! i "egist"a"e di $a"i te ii #!"es$u de mai multe i "egist"a"i di #!$il ! e t! mai se t"a s(!"ma i ! e t! ! e da#a se de#la"a i =e"s2 #!$il-< $a"i te PENTRU ACCESAREA TUTUROR INREGISTRARILOR di #!$il du$a #!ma da SET RELATION TO se da #!ma da2 SET SRIP TO A umeF#!$il< Sa se s#"ie u $"!g"am #a"e sa a(iseze $e e#"a situatia i #asa"il!" la #u"su"i utiliza d i (!"matiile #a"e se gases# i REGFCAT si PLATI. Di "egF#at =!m lua "mat. si umele ia" di $lati #at a a#,itat. ". #,ita tei si data a#,ita"ii.

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%ODI CO%% LISTPLATI CLOSE ALL SET CURRENCL TO CLEIC SET CURR RIG&T USE REGFCAT ORDER CURSNR% USE PLATI IN ' ORDER CURSNR% SET RELATION TO CODCURS?STR4NR%AT805 INTO PLATI SET SRIP TO PLATI GOTO TOP %CURS6CODCURS ECINCASARILE LA CURSUL C.CODCURS EREPL 4C6C.'05 ECNR.%AT C AT 0 ECNU%E SI PRENU%E C AT '0 ECINCASAT C AT /) ECNU%AR C&ITANTA C AT 1; ECDATA PLATII C AT J0 TOTAL6; RAND6J DO H&ILE NOT EO+45 I+ %CURSBCODCURS HAIT HIND CTER%INAT A+ISARE CURSC CLEAR ECINCASARILE LA CURSUL C.CODCURS EREPL 4C6C.'05 ECNR.%AT C AT 0 ECNU%E SI PRENU%E C AT '0 ECINCASAT C AT /) ECNU%AR C&ITANTA C AT 1; ECDATA PLATII C AT J0 ENDI+ E NR%AT AT 0 EENU%E AT '0 EEPLATI.AC&ITAT PICT CQQQQQQQ.QQC +UNC C>C AT /) EEPLATI.NRC&IT+ACT EEPLATI.DATA RAND6RAND?1 SRIP ENDDO HAIT HIND DEACTI HIND ALL CLOSE ALL CANCEL @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ SUBPROGRA%E 66666666666666 ORGANIZAREA (isie"el!" $"!g"am P"!#edu"i si (u #tii de(i ite de utilizat!" ---------------------------------------------------------

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DO - $!ate (i (!l!sita si i i te"i!"ul u ui $"!g"am 6<m!dula"iza"ea $"!g"amel!" #!m$le:e 4de dime siu i ma"i5 G"u$u"i de i st"u#tiu i $!t (i (!l!site i de$e de t 4se$a"ate de $"!g"amul $"i #i$al5. C!mu i#a"ea #u $"!g"amul $"i #i$al se "ealizeaza $"i PARA%ETRII. %!dulele $!t (i2 e:te"i!"e si i i te"i!"ul (isie"ului $"!g"am. P"!g"amul #a"e a$eleaza u m!dul2 $"!g"am a$ela t. P"!g"amul a$elat de $"!g"amul $"i #i$al2 $"!g"am a$elat. sau sub$"!g"am. U sub$"!g"am $!ate (i a$elat de mai multe !"i.

$"!g"am a$ela t ---------------- M ---------------- M ---------------- M a$el sub$"!g"am -------------< $"!g"am a$elat --------------A----M --------------------------M --------------------------M A---- ----------------------------------------U sub$"!g"am este2 $"!#edu"a sau (u #tie.

P"!#edu"a2 u g"u$ de i st"u#tiu i #a"e $"imeste de la $"!g".a$ela t u g"u$ de $a"amet"ii. "ealizeaza a umite $"elu#"a"i si "eda #! t"!lul $"!g"amului a$ela t. +u #tia2 u g"u$ de i st"u#tiu i i de$e de te #a"e $"imeste de la $"!g". a$ela t u g"u$ de $a"amet"ii. "ealizeaza a umite $"elu#"a"i si DAR RETURNEAZA O *ALOARE. O"ga iza"ea (isie"el!" $"!g"am2 Caz1. +ie#a"e $"!g"am este i t"-u (isie" se$a"at2 P"!g"am de a#tualiza"e2 +u #tiu i2 adauga"e.m!di(i#a"e.ste"ge"e.=izualiza"e.lista"e. C2X$"!g"amXa#tual.$"g -$"!g"am $"i #i$al P"!g"ame a$elate2 C2X$"!g"amXadaug.$"g -(u #tiu e de adauga"e C2X$"!g"amXm!di(.$"g -(u #tiu e de m!di(i#a"e C2X$"!g"amXste"g.$"g -(u #tiu e de ste"g C2X$"!g"amX=izual.$"g -(u #tiu e de =izualiza"e C2X$"!g"amXlist.$"g -(u #tiu e de lista"e Deza=a taN2 T!ate a$elu"ile des#,id (isie"e #a"e "ama des#,ise simulta .$"i a$ela"i su##esi=eT Caz'. +isie"ul $"!g"am #! ti e $"!g"amul $"i #i$al si $"!g"amele a$elate i a#elasi (isie". ------------i st"u#tiu i -----------------------d! adaug -----------d! m!di( -----------

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d! ste"g -----------d! =izual -----------d! list -----------@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ $"!#edu"e adaug -----------i st"u#tiu i -----------"etu" @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ (u #ti! m!di( -----------i st"u#tiu i -----------"etu" -"eda #!!! t"!lul $"!g"amului $"i #i$al @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ s.a.m.d. Caz). %ai multe sub$"!g"ame su t g"u$ate i t"-u (isie" de $"!#edu"i si (u #tii #u #a"a#te" ge e"al. C2X$"!g"amXutile.$"g -$"!g"am de $"!#edu"i $"!#edu"e adaug -----------i st"u#tiu i -----------"etu" @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ a#tual.$"g -$"!g"am $"i #i$al SET PROCEDURE TO UTILE - DESC&IDE (isie"ul de $"!#edu"i ...................... ...................... ...................... d! adaug ...................... ...................... ...................... SET PROCEDURE TO CANCEL PROCEDURI SI +UNCTII - de(i i"e si a$ela"e 6666666666666666666 P"!#edu"i De(i i"e A$el PROCEDURE A umeF$"!#edu"a< ...... ...... ..... RETURN C!ma da RETURN RETURN TO %ASTER -la $"!g"am $"i #i$al RETURN TO umeF$"!#edu"a

DO A umeF$"!#edu"a<

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E3E%PLU2 m!di #!mm utile $"!#edu"e $1 #lea" ECI #e$ut $"!#edu"a $1C d! $' Sait CC ECS(a"sit $"!#edu"a $1C "etu" @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ $"!#edu"e $' #lea" ECI #e$ut $"!#edu"a $'C d! $) Sait CC ECS(a"sit $"!#edu"a $'C "etu" @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ $"!#edu"e $) #lea" ECI #e$ut $"!#edu"a $)C d! $/ Sait CC ECS(a"sit $"!#edu"a $)C "etu" TO $' @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ $"!#edu"e $/ #lea" ECI #e$ut $"!#edu"a $/C EC+a"a a$elC Sait CC ECS(a"sit $"!#edu"a $/C "etu" t! maste" @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ #a #el Tema2 $"!g"amul CURS%OD de m!di(i#at.(!l!si d $"!#edu"i. Ca$ul de tabel este "ealizat #u ! $"!#edu"a. #a"e se a$eleaza la t"e#e"ea $e ! $agi a !ua. +UNCTII UTILLLIZATOR ---------------------------------De(i i"e +UNCTION A umeF(u #tie< ............. ..........Y RETURN Ae:$"esie< A$el A umeF(u #tie<45

E:em$lu2 a(iseaza data #u"e ta sub (!"ma2 *i e"iF1/Fsse$temb"ieF';;1 +UNCTII (!l!site2 DATE45-data #u"e ta DAL4data5-ziua %ONT&4data5-lu a LEAR4data5-a DOH4data5- ".zilei di sa$t.4 1-dumi i#a5

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ECData #u"e ta2C ? datF"!m45 +UNC DATFRO% DO CASE CASE DOH4DATE45561 ZI6CDU%INICAC CASE DOH4date4556' ZI6CLUNIC ...................... ENDCASE DO CASE CASE %ONT&4DATE45561 LUNA6CIANUARIEC .................... ENDCASE RETURN ZI?C. C?STR4DAL4DATE455?C C?LUNA?STR4LEAR4DATE4555 D!me iul de =izibilitate al =a"iabilel!" 6666666666666666666666666666666 *a"iabile2 gl!bale4$ubli#e5 si l!#ale4$"i=ate5 De(i i"ea =a"iabilel!"2 A umeF=a"iabila< 6 A=al!a"e< @*a"iabilele gl!bale su t a##esibile si $!t (i m!di(i#ate i m!dulul #u"e t si i !"i#e alt m!dul. @*a"iabilele l!#ale su t a##esibile d!a" i m!dulul #u"e t si i #ele sub!"d! ate si u $!t (i m!di(i#ate i !"i#e m!dul. C!me zile de de#la"a"e a =a"iabilel!"2 PRI*ATE AlistaF=a"iabile< A umeF=a"iabila< 6 A=al!a"e< PUBLIC AlistaF=a"iabile< A umeF=a"iabila< 6 A=al!a"e< Im$li#it su t sub!"d! ate. E:em$lu2 m!di #!mm e:=a".$"g #lea" $"i= a $ubli# b a61 b6' d! test ECa 6 C a ECb 6 C b EC*a"iabila # u se $!ate a(isa...C ECEste ! =a"iabila l!#ala a $"!#edu"ii test TC ECd 6 C d Sait Si d CTe"mi at testul $e t"u =a"iabileTC @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ $"!#edu"e test

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$"i= # $ubli# d #6) d6/ ECa 6 C a ECb 6 C b EC# 6 C # ECd 6 C d "etu" #a #el Pe t"u a$li#atii #!m$le:e #a"e i #lud mai multe $"!#eddu"i.(u #tii se "e#!ma da (!l!si"ea =a"iabilel!" l!#ale ia" #!mu i#a"ea sa se (a#a $"i $a"amet"ii. A$elul u ei $"!#edu"i #u $a"amet"ii2 DO A umeF$"!#edu"a< HIT& AlistaF$a"amet"ii< I i te"i!"ul $"!##edu"ii du$a PROCEDURE A umeF$"!#edu"a< este2 PARA%ETERS AlistaF=a"iabileFl!#ale< AlistaF$a"amet"ii< este ide ti#a #u AlistaF$a"amet"ii< T"a smite"ea $a"amet"il!" $t. ! (u #tie 2 A umeF(u #tie<4AlistaF$a"amet"ii<5 E:.2 %ODI CO%% PROG CLEAR INPUT CPRI%UL NR. C TO N1 INPUT CAL DOILEA NR. C TO N' N)6; DO *ALOARE HIT& N1. N'. N) EC*ALOAREA PRODUSULUI2 C.N) @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ PROCEDURE *ALOARE PARA%ETERS P1. P'. P) P)6P1@P' RETURN %ODI CO%% I%POZIT CLEAR SET PROCEDURE TO UTILE INPUT DINRODUCERE SALRIU2 D TO %SAL E CI%POZITUL CALCULAT ESTE2 C. I%P4%SAL5 @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ +UNC I%P PARA%ETERS S DO CASE CASE SA6J0;;;; I%POZIT 6 ;.19@S CASE SA610;;;;; I%POZIT 6 );;;;;?4;.' @S5 OT&ERHISE I%POZIT 6 ;./@S ENDCASE CANCEL %ODI CO%% DATA

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ACCEPT CDATA NASTERIIC TO DATAN EE DATFRO% 4DATAN5 +UNC DATFRO%' PARA%ETERS DATA DO CASE CASE DOH4DATA5561 ZI6CDU%INICAC CASE DOH4DATA56' ZI6CLUNIC

www.atestate-informatica.tk
...................... ENDCASE DO CASE CASE %ONT&4DATA561 LUNA6CIANUARIEC .................... ENDCASE RETURN ZI?C. C?STR4DAL4DATA55?C C?LUNA?C C?STR4LEAR4DATA555 EDITAREA DATELOR ---------------- TREBUIESC CONSTRUITE ECRANE PENTRU EDITAREA DATELOR2 se (a#e #u #!ma da Z ...SAL ...GET C!ma da SAL -------------------Z A"a d.#!l!a a< SAL [Ae:$"esie<\ - ti$a"este la e#"a e:$"esia i$e "a dul si #!l!a a s$e#i(i#ata W C!ma da GET --------------------a(iseaza i =ede"ea edita"ii #! ti utul u ui #am$ sau al u ei =a"iabile Si ta:a ge e"ala2 Z A"a d.#!l!a a< SAL Ae:$"esieFd!a"Fa(isata< GET A#am$8=a"iabila< 4-< se #"eaza u !bie#t GET5 C!ma da READ a#ti=eaza !bie#tele GET #"eate a te"i!". E:em$lu2 Z'.' sa7 CNume si P"e ume2 C Z'.'0get ume "ead %ODI CO%% GETURI USE REGFCAT %NU%E6SPACE4);5 %DATAN6SPACE41;5 %LOCN6SPACE41'5 Z'.0 SAL CNU%E SI PRENU%ELE2 C GET %NU%E Z0.0 SAL CDATA NASTERII2 C GET %DATAN Z9.0 SAL CLOCALITATEA2 C GET %LOCN READ APPE BLANR REPL NU%E HIT& %NU%E.DATAN HIT& %DATAN. LOCN HIT& %LOCN GO BOTT BROH

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CLEAR C!ma da get 66666666666 Edita"ea datel!"2 ZA"a d.#!l!a a< SAL Ae:$"esie< GET A=a"iabila8#am$< READ READ - a#ti=eaza GET READ a#ti=eaza t!ate getu"ile de deasu$"a lui Clauze $e t"u SAL si GET -----------------------------------PICTURE Asabl! < CQQQQQQQ.QQC. C::::::::::C +UNCTION A(u #tie de a(isa"e<2 +UNC C% listaF!$tiu iC e:.2 Z'.' sa7 CTi$ul a#tualiza"ii2C GET ti$ +UNC C% A.%.SC Clauza $e t"u GET -------------------------DE+AULT Ae:$"< - #"eaza ! =a"iabila de mem!"ie si ii at"ibuie =al!a"ea e:$"esiei Z'.' sa7 CTi$ul a#tualiza"ii2C GET ti$ +UNC C% A.%.SC DE+AULT CAC 4e#,i=ale t #u ti$6CAC5 Z'.' sa7 CC! ti uati E C GET "as$ +UNC C% DA.NUC CTC DE+AULT CNUC *ALID A umeF(u #tie< *ALID #!d#u"s45 - se (!l!seste $e t"u =alida"ea #! ti utului !bie#tului GET la !"i#e te tati=a de muta"e a #u"s!"ului de $e !bie#tul GET Clauza *ALID "etu" eaza t"ue .T. sau (alse .+. Z'.' sa7 CC!d#u"s E C GET m#!d#u"s *ALID =#!d#u"s45 .............. +UNC *CODCURS @@@@@@@@@@@@@ use #u"su"i seeV m#!d#u"s i( (!u d45 "et6.T. else "et6.+. Sait Si d CC!d #u"s i e:iste t. Cu"su"i $!sibile2 AUUT.PROG.OPERC e di( "etu" "et .............. ; 6 + 4 u =a a(isa IN*ALID INPUT5 16T %ODI CO%% *AL @*ALID-se mai (!l!seste $e t"u "ea(isa"ea !bie#tel!" SAL2 de(i Si d ( ("!m 1.1 t! 1;.0; title C#lauza *ALIDC m$"et6; m#a t6;

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