TEMA PROIECTULUI

la disciplina Construcii din beton armat II

S se proiecteze structura din beton armat cu schema static a structurii de rezisten i
caracteristicile de mai jos:
daN
Schema statica tip A
Tip de nod: Rigid
Inaltime Hst 8m :=
Deschideri: L1 18m := L2 16m :=
Travee: B 10m :=
Nr de travei n 6 :=
Localitate Satu Mare
L 18m :=
Proiectul va cuprinde:
1. Piese scrise:
- schia cu seciunea transversal i predimensionri;
- calculul ncrcrilor pe un cadru transversal curent;
- calculul static al cadrului transversal curent la ncrcri orizontale cu o metod simplificat
de calcul;
- calculul static al cadrului transversal curent cu un program de calcul;
- dimensionarea unei grinzi principale/pane din beton precomprimat;
- dimensionarea unui stlp curent.

2. Piese desenate:
- seciune transversal i orizontal (scri: 1:50, respectiv 1:100, 1:200);
- plan cofraj i armare grind/pan, scara 1:20;
- plan cofraj i armare stlp, scara 1:20
Predimensionarea elementelor
Predimensinarea grinzii transversale
H
max
1
15
L1 120 cm = := mijloc
H
r
0.75 H
max
90 cm = :=
bp
1
35
L1 51.429 cm = := bp 0.85m :=
hp
1
5
bp 17 cm = := b 0.15m :=
hf
1
15
bp b
2
2.333cm = :=
Predimensionarea grinzii secundare:
h
1
20
B 50 cm = :=
b
p.gs
1
33
B 30.303 cm = :=
b
p.gs
0.3m :=
Predimensionarea stalpului
Pentru legatura rigida
1.2 :=
l H := lf l 1.2H = := hmin
lf
25
48 10
3
H = := bmin hmin 48 10
3
H = :=
Predimensionarea grinzii secundare
bpner 30cm := bner 0.2m := hner 0.5m :=
Incarcarea din zapada
S0k 1.5
kN
m
2
:= i 0.8 := ce 1 := ct 1 := Sk i ce ct S0k 1.2 10
3
Pa = :=
Pentru Satu Mare
Aleg distanta dintre pane
l 2.9m :=
Aleg tabla de 60mm cu:
Gtabla 0.1072
kN
m
2
:= Mmax 3.71kN m := I 150cm
4
:= w 38cm
3
:=
qv Gtabla Sk + 1.307 10
3
Pa = := E 2.1 10
8

kN
m
3
:= fmax
5qv l
4

3 8 4 E I
1.529cm = := fadmis
l
250
1.16 cm = :=
Incarcarea pe pana (nervura)
tab 0.1072
kN
m
2
:= b 25
kN
m
3
:= An bpner hner
bpner bner ( ) 0.3 m
2
1.35 10
3
cm
2
= := ltr 13m :=
qn' tab l An b + 3.686 10
3

kg
s
2
= := Mner
qn' ltr
2

8
77.864 10
3
J = :=
Dimensionarea panei
deschiderea grinzii ltr 1.3 10
3
cm =
qn' 3.686 10
3

kg
s
2
=
incarcarea grinzii
momentul incovoietor Mner 77.864 10
3
J =
sectiune transversala bner 20 cm =
bpner 30 cm =
hner 50 cm =
Aria armaturii pretensionate poate fi predimensionat pornind de la starea limita a
sectiunilor normale:
-materiale:BC50(40/50), toroane TBP12, armatura obijnuita PC52
Calculul numarului de toroane
qn An b 1.35 Sk 1.5 + tab 1.35 + := Sk 1.5 qn 7.101
kN
m
:= Mner
qn ltr
2

8
150.009 10
3
J = :=
Q
qn ltr
2
46.157 10
3
N = := h0 320mm := 0.2 := 0.9 := Ra 300
N
mm
2
:= Rp 1410
N
mm
2
:=
m' max 0.95 1 0.3 ( ) 0.85 , [ ] 893 10
3
= := mp 0.936 := Rc 26.5
N
mm
2
:=
Ap
Mner
m' mp h0 Rp
4.42 cm
2
= := Aria unui toron TBP9: Ap1 50mm
2
:=
Aobijnuita
Ap1 Rp
Ra
2.35 cm
2
= :=
Armatura Pc52 Corespunzatoare unui toron TBP9, considerata 210 cu Aa 314mm
2
:=
Apretenionata
Aa mm
2

Aobijnuita
13.362 10
3
cm
2
= := Anecesara Ap Apretenionata 4.406cm
2
= :=
Numarul de toroane
Anecesara
Ap1
8.812 = nTBP9 9 :=
Incarcarea pe grinda principala
P qn' ltr 47.916 10
3
N = :=
Greutatea propie a grinzii principale
Agp 0.23m
2
:= qgp Agp b tab ltr + 7.144 10
3

kg
s
2
= :=
Actiunea seismica

I
1.2 := a
g
0.08 :=
T
0.7 := 1 1 :=
u
1.15 := 1 :=

u
1
1.15 = q 3.5

u
1
4.025 = := S
dT
a
g

T
q
13.913 10
3
= :=
N
1tr
qn' 1
m
Sk 0.4 +
|

\
|
|

ltr L1 L2 + L1 + ( ) 2.924 10
6
N = := m' N
1tr
:= Fb
tr

I
S
dT
m' 48.823 10
3
N = :=
Fb
st
Fb
tr
3
16.274 10
3
N = := M
max
Fb
st
Hst 130.195 10
3
J = :=
Grinda principala
Incarcari trasmice de pana
q
pana
qn L 127.818 10
3
N = :=
Moement incovoietor
q
propriu
qgp 7.144 10
3

kg
s
2
= :=
M
1.35 q
propriu
L
2

8
P 13 m + 1.013 10
6
J = :=
l 29m :=
deschiderea ginzii
M 1.013 10
6
J =
Moment incovoietor
b 0.16m :=
Seciuntea transversala
bp 0.6m :=
h 1.5m :=
Calculul numarului de toroane
Aria armaturii prediemnsionate poate fi fi predinmensionata pornind de la
starea limita de rezistenta a sectiunilor normale
m
p
0.936 := 0.9 := R
p
1330
N
mm
2
:=
Ra 300 10
6
Pa =
h0 0.8 h 120 cm = := m' max 0.95 1 0.3 ( ) 0.85 , [ ] 0.85 = := Rc 26.5 10
6
Pa =
Ap
M
m' mp h0 Rp
8.365cm
2
= :=
S-a admis =0.2 si din tabele de dimensionare a rezultat =0,9 si mp=0.936 stiind ca m=0,85 si
considerand h0=0,8 h (0,9 h) s-a calculat aria armaturii pretensionate ca mai sus.
k 0.3 := mp 1 k
Ap
b h0

Rp
Rc
0.93 = := Ap
M
m' mp h0 Rp
8.415cm
2
= :=
Aria unui torn Ap1 88.5mm
2
:= Aobijnuita
Ap1 Rp
Ra
4.159cm
2
= :=
Armatura PC52 corespunzatoare unui toron TBP12, considerata 228 cu Aa 1232mm
2
:=
Apretensionata
Aa cm
2

Aobijnuita
2.962cm
2
= := Ancesara Ap Apretensionata 5.453cm
2
= :=
Nr de toroane
Anecesara
Ap1
4.979 = nTBP12 13 := Ap nTBP12 Ap1 11.505 cm
2
= :=
Caracteristici geometrice ale sectiunii ideale
h
B
10
100 cm = := b
pgs
h
2
50 cm = :=
inaltimea totala a gr sec aleg
latimea de sus a gr sec aleg
latimea de jos a gr sec aleg
inaltimea h, impartita in 2. partea superioara si partea inferioara
inaltimea superioara aleg
inaltimea inferioara aleg
diferenta la latimea de jos, aleg
h 60cm :=
b
pgs
40cm :=
b
t
30cm :=
h
s
15cm :=
h
i
45cm :=
b
d
5cm :=
aria ideala
A01 h
s
b
pgs
600 cm
2
= := A02 b
t
h
i
1350 cm
2
= := Ai A01 A02 + 1950 cm
2
= :=
A
pana
Ai :=
Centrul de greutate
d
01
h
s
2
7.5cm = := d
02
h
i
2
h
s
+ 37.5 cm = := Yg
A01 d
01
A02 d
02
+
A01 A02 +
28.269 cm = :=
Armatura OB07
jos - (220)
Aa 12.32cm
2
=
sus - (420)
A
a1
12.56cm
2
:=
Armatura pretensionata jos
Apretensionata 2.962cm
2
=
e
op
Yg 4 cm
1.6cm
2
23.469 cm = :=
Coeficienti de echivalenta
Eb 38000
N
mm
2
:= Ea 210000
N
mm
2
:= Ep 180000
N
mm
2
:= np
Ep
Eb
4.737 = := na
Ea
Eb
5.526 = :=
Momentul de inertie al sectiunii ideale
Ii
b
pgs
h
3

12
b
pgs
h
s
Yg
h
s
2

\
|
|

2
+

(
(
(

b
t
h
i
3

12
b
t
h
i

h
i
2
h
s
+
|

\
|
|

Yg

(
(

2
+

(
(
(

+ 1321658.654 cm
4
= :=
Modulul de rezistenta
Zi h
s
h
i
+
( )
Yg 31.731 cm = := Zs Yg 28.269 cm = :=
Wii
Ii
Zi
41652.27 cm
3
= := Wis
Ii
Zs
46752.551 cm
3
= :=
Rs
Wii
Ai
21.36cm = := Ri
Wis
Ai
23.976 cm = :=
Eforturile unitare in beton in fibrele superioare bs si inferioare bi
Cunoscand armatura Ap si excentricitatea e0p, se verifica eforturile unitare in beton, la
transfer, considerand forta de precomprimare P0 redusa cu 15% (coeficient 0.85), fata de cea de
control (datorita pierderilor de tensiune tehnologice)
P0 0.85 Rp Ap 1.379 10
6
N = := e0p 750mm := g 26
kN
m
2
Ai 5.07 10
3
N = :=
Mgpmin
g l
2

8m
532.984 10
3
J = :=
bs
Mgpmin
Wis
11.4 10
6
Pa = := bi
P0
Ai
P0 e0p
Wii

Mgpmin
Wii
+ 19.103 10
6
Pa = :=
Eforturile unitare in armatura preintinsa si in beton in faza initiala
Calculul pierderilor de tensiune:
IN cazul grinzii ce se calculeaza se vor lua in considerare in faza initiala urmatoarele pierderi de tensiune
lucrari locale la blocare
1 4mm := 2 0mm := Lp l 250mm 2875 cm = :=

1 2 +
Lp
Ep 25.043 10
6
Pa = := n 9 :=
Tratament termi c pentru tipare portante incalzite
t 20
N
mm
2
:=
Pretensionare succesiva
tp 155
N
mm
2
:= nt
Ep
Et
:=
Et
nt 0.86 := s
n 1
2n
nt tp 59.244 10
6
Pa = :=
Relaxarea armaturii
pk Rp := Rpk 1660
N
mm
2
:=
p0 pk s 1.326 10
9
Pa = :=
x
p0
Rpk
0.799 = := x1
x 0.7 ( ) 16.5 10.5 ( )
0.8 0.7 ( )
10.5 + 16.417 = := r
x1
100
p0 217.646 10
6
Pa = := p
r
p0
0.164 = :=
Se presupune ca transferul se face la 24 de ore
Krt0 0.4 := ri Krt0 r 87.058 10
6
Pa = :=
Suma pierderilor de tensiune
s + t + ri + 191.346 10
6
Pa = :=
Eforturile unitare minime ( p0min) si maxime in ( p0max) armarea preintinsa
p0min pk 1.219 10
9
Pa = :=
p0max pk 0.65 1.286 10
9
Pa = :=
Eforturile unitare in beton la transfer
se calculeaza sub actinea
fortei maxime de precmprimare
P0max Ap p0max 1.479 10
6
N = :=
momentelui incovoietor de calcul minim produs de greutatea proprie a grinzii Mpgmin
bi
P0max
Ai
P0max e0p
Wii

Mgpmin
Wii
+ 21.422 10
6
Pa = :=
bi
P0max
Ai
P0max e0p
Wis
+
Mgpmin
Wis
4.742 10
6
Pa = :=
___
bs bs

___
bi bi
Faza initiala Faza finala
Pierderi de tennsiune reologice
Pentru calculul pierderii de tensiune cauzata de deformatiile de durata ale betonului, se
considera sectiunea critica solicitata in urmatoarele etape:
La 24 ore, sub actiunea P0max si Mgpmin
Rb 5 :=
bp1
P0max
Ai
P0max e0p
2

Ii

Mgpmin e0p
Ii
+ 40.291 10
6
Pa = :=
tl 24 :=
K1 1.3 :=
bp1
Rb
8.058 10
6
Pa = K2 1 :=
K3 1 :=
U 60% :=
0 2.5 :=
1 K1 K2 K3 0 3.25 = := Mg 202 10
6
N mm :=
La 90 zile, sub actiunea suplimentara a momentului incovoietor de calcul minim din incarcarile
permanente, diferite de greutatea proprie a grinzii, Mgmin=202kNm (greutatea suprabetonarii, pardoselii
si instalatii fixe)
bp2
Mg e0p
Ii
11.463 10
6
Pa = := t2 90 := K1 0.6 :=
bp2
Rb
2.293 10
6
Pa =
2 K1 K2 K3 0 1.5 = := k' 1 :=
p np 1 bp1 2 bp2 ( ) k' 538.826 10
6
Pa = :=
Pierderea de tensiune produsa de relaxarea finala a armaturii se determina astfel:
r
p0 t np bp1 ( ) 0.5 Rpk
p0 0.5Rpk
1.345 = := r ri r r ri ( ) 1
p
p0min

\
|
|

+ 185.015 10
6
Pa = :=
r ri 97.957 10
6
Pa =
Eforturi minime( p0min) si maxime ( p0max) in armatura preintinsa in faza finala
p0min p0min r ri ( ) p + [ ] 581.871 10
6
Pa = :=
p0max p0max 0.65 r ri ( ) p + [ ] 871.716 10
6
Pa = :=
Eforturile unitare inb eton in faza finala
Se calculeaza sub actiunea
fortei minime de precomprimare
P0min Ap p0min 669.442 10
3
N = :=
momentul incovoietor produs de incarcarile de exploatare de lunga durata Meld
I0 5.4 :=
P 0.8
kN
m
1.35 I0 3.15
kN
m
1.35 + 10.085 10
3

kg
s
2
= :=
P1 45.38kN m := Meld P1 2 10
P1
2
10 P1 10 226.9 10
3
J = :=
bi
P0max
Ai
P0max e0p
Wii

Meld
Wii
+ 28.771 10
6
Pa = :=
bi
P0max
Ai
P0max e0p
Wis
+
Meld
Wis
11.289 10
6
Pa = :=
Calculul in stare limita de rezistenta in sectiuni normale
Transfer
In armatura pretensionata se considera un efort unitar:
'p1 1.1 p0max 300
N
mm
2
658.888 10
6
Pa = :=
cu care se calculeaa forta de precomprimare limita:
N1 Ap 'p1 758.05 10
3
N = := e0
N1 e0p Mgpmin
N1
4.69 cm = := ri 406mm := 1.2 ri 48.72cm =
e0 1.2ri <
Compresiune cu mica excentricitate
y
h
s
2
h
i
+ e0 Yg
|

\
|
|

19.541 cm = := x
A02 b
t
y +
b
t
64.541 cm = := Abn A02 x y + ( ) b
t
+ 3.872 10
3
cm
2
= :=
mbc 1.2 := N' Abn mbc Rc 12.314 10
6
N = := N1 N' <
Sub actiunea solicitarilor exterioare
m' 0.85 :=
A'a 12.56cm
2
4.02cm
2
+ 16.58cm
2
= :=
Sectiunea se trateaza ca una dreptunghiulara de latime bp
mp 1 k
Ap
bp h0

Rp
Rc
0.974 = := p1 mp Rp 1.374 10
9
Pa = := x
p1 Ap
bp Rc
9.942cm = :=
Momentul incovoietor rezistent la sectiuni critice se calculeaza cu relatia:
Mr m' bp x Rc h0 0.5x ( ) m' A'a Ra h0 0.03m ( ) + 2.04 10
6
J = :=
Calculul la starea limita de rezistenta in sectiuni inclinate fisurate
elementele se dimensioneaza astfel incat sa se respecte conditia:
Q 0.25 b h Rc <
Q 4
M
l
139.792 10
3
N = := 0.25 b h Rc 636 10
3
N =
Forta taietoare minima care poate fi preluata de beton si etrieri se determina cu relatia 138 din STAS 10107/0-90
Ae 50.3mm
2
:= nat 0.8 := ae 200mm := qe
Ae nat Ra
ae
60.36 10
3

kg
s
2
= := Rt 1.65
N
mm
2
:=
Qeb 8 b h0
2
Rt qe 428.453 10
3
N = :=
Sectiunea se trateaza ca una dreptunghiulara de latime bp, factorul de comportare a structii q, pentru clasa
de ductilitate M
2 1.148 := h
p
0.14m := H 8m := b
min
0.7m := h
min
0.7m := h
ti
76.128cm :=
n
pane
17 := b
p
0.7m := A
st
b
min
h
min
4.9 10
3
cm
2
= := A
gs
h b
pgs
b
d
h
i
2.175 10
3
cm
2
= :=
q 3.5
1
2
3.049 = := pentru T>TB spectrul de proiectare pentru acceleratii Sd(T) S
d
a
g

T
q
0.018 = :=
qn' 3.63
kN
m
2
:=
N
1transversal
qn' 1 Sk 0.4 + ( ) b 2 L1 L2 + ( ) Agp b 2L1 L2 + ( ) + A
gs
b n
pane
B + 4 A
st
b H + 1.651 10
6
N = :=
F
axiala.1.stal
N
1transversal
4
412.725 10
3
N = := N
x
N
1transversal
1.651 10
6
N = :=

1
1.2 :=
b'
26
kN
m
3
:= F
btransversal

1
S
d
n N
1transversal
327.497 10
3
N = :=
F
stalp
F
btransversal
4
81.874 10
3
N = := H
1
H
40 0.025 m 0.1m +
2
|

\
|
|

+ 855 cm = :=
M
max.stalp
F
stalp
H
1
700.024 10
3
J = := M
x
M
max.stalp
700.024 10
3
J = := n
B
5 :=
pentru o deschidere intermediara
Stalpi n
B
1 +
( )
b
min
h
min
H b 588 10
3
N = :=
Gprincipala b
p
h
p
b h
ti
+
( )
L1
2
L2
2
+
L1
2
+
|

\
|
|

b n
B
714.366 10
3
N = :=
Pane n
pane
A
pana
B
b'
n
B
4.309 10
6
N = :=
Acoperis qn'
L1
2
L2
2
+
L1
2
+
|

\
|
|

B n
B
4.719 10
6
N = :=
Zapada S0k
L1
2
L2
2
+
L1
2
+
|

\
|
|

B n
B
1.95 10
6
N = :=
q
per
Stalpi Gprincipala + Pane + Acoperis + 10.331 10
6
N = :=
q
zap
Zapada 1.95 10
6
N = := N
1.long
q
per
1 q
zap
0.4 + 11.111 10
6
N = := N
y
N
1.long
11.111 10
6
N = :=
F
long.l.stalp
N
1.long
4
2.778 10
6
N = :=
b'
26
kN
m
3
:=
F
b.long

1
S
d
n N
1.long
2.204 10
6
N = := F
stalp.long
F
b.long
4
551.028 10
3
N = :=
H
1
H
40 0.025 m 0.1m +
2
|

\
|
|

+ 855 cm = := M
max.stalp.long
F
stalp.long
H
1
4.711 10
6
J = :=
M
y
M
max.stalp.long
4.711 10
6
J = :=
Stalp central
N
x
1.651 10
6
N = M
x
700.024 10
3
J =
b
s
b
min
70 cm = := h
s
h
min
70 cm = :=
N
y
11.111 10
6
N = M
y
4.711 10
6
J =
Aleg
Beton clasa C40/50 cu Eb 38 10
9
Pa =
R
c
38.5
N
mm
2
:=
Armatura PC50 cu Ra 300 10
6
Pa = procent de armare p 4% :=
a

2
25 + 6 + :=

a 40mm := e
a
max 20mm
h
s
30
,
|

\
|
|

2.333cm = :=
I
b
b
s
h
s
3

12
2.001 10
6
cm
4
= :=
E
l.conv
0.15
1 p +
1
M
ed
M
+
Eb I
b
:=
M
ed
E
l.conv
76031.667kN m
2
:=
I
f
H 960 cm = := N
cr

2
E
l.conv

I
f
2
8.142 10
6
N = :=
Calculam dupa directia x

1
1
N
x
N
cr

1.254 = := M
x.max
M
x
e
a
N
x
+
( )
926.37 10
3
J = :=
Calculam dupa directia y

1
1
N
y
N
cr

2.743 = := 1 ( ) 2.743 = := M
y.max
M
y
e
a
N
y
+
( )
13.634 10
6
J = :=
Verificarea sectiunii
x
N
x
b
s
R
c

6.126cm = := h
0
h
s
a 66 cm = :=
x
h
0
0.093 = :=
lim
0.4 :=
h
a
h
0
a 62 cm = :=
Pentru dimensionare
A
ef
61.20cm
2
:=
aleg 636 cu
Aa
M
x.max
N
x
h
s
x
( )
2

Ra 10
2
h
a

0.215cm
2
= :=
M
x.cap
N
x
h x ( )
2
Aa Ra h
a
+ 448.696 10
3
J = :=
M
y.cap
N
y
h x ( )
2
Aa Ra h
a
+ 2.997 10
6
J = :=
daN 10kN :=
Sk 1.6
kN
m
2
:=