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(4.1)
i temperatura iniial
e coeficientul de transmitere a cldurii prin convenie
S suprafaa exterioar a cuptorului, prin care se produc
pierderile.
nprind relaia (4.4) cu (e*S*dt) i se introduc urmtoarele
notaii:
A
K=m*c; A= e*S; T= K ;
P
=max i
A
(4.5)
Rezult ecuaia diferenial:
T=
d ( i )
+ ( i )=max i
dt
(4.6)
=max(1- e T )+i* e T
(4.7)
Relaia (4.7) reprezint expresia analitic a diagramei de nclzire
a cuptorului.
Pentru a obine regimul de ieire, n ecuaia bilanului (4.4) se
face P=0 i printr-o rezolvare similar rezult:
t
T
=(max-i) e +i
(4.8)
Coeficientul e, nu este constant, ci scade cu creterea
temperaturii.
tr
T
+i
(4.9)
De unde rezult T:
tr
T=- ln ( 2i ) ln ( 1i )
(4.10)
max=
ie
1e
ti
T
ti
T
i
1e
ti
T
+i
(4.11)
Temperatura max se poate determina i printr-o metod
grafic(fig.4.1)
1[C]
i
[C]
22
2[C] Ti[min]
25
Tr[min
]
15
max[
C]
-3293
616
533
23
616
533
25
15
-1460
30
616
533
25
15
-1405
44
616
533
25
15
-1299
64
616
533
25
15
-1153
85
616
533
25
15
-1005
113
616
533
25
15
142
616
533
25
15
175
616
533
25
15
209
616
533
25
15
10
244
616
533
25
15
818,4
6
637,0
1
444,9
1
263,9
3
-95,02
11
279
616
533
25
15
56,2
T
99,6
6
99,4
8
98,2
1
95,6
7
92,0
5
88,2
5
83,1
7
77,9
2
71,9
2
65,7
6
59,4
1
-
Obs
12
314
616
533
25
15
189,8
0
13
347
616
533
25
15
299,4
0
14
380
616
533
25
15
393,1
9
15
411
616
533
25
15
466,7
6
16
440
616
533
25
15
522,9
2
17
467
616
533
25
15
564,3
6
18
493
616
533
25
15
593,6
5
19
517
616
533
25
15
20
539
616
533
25
15
21
22
23
24
560
580
598
616
616
616
616
616
533
533
533
533
25
25
25
25
15
15
15
15
611,0
1
615,9
9
616
652
634
616
53,0
5
46,6
7
40,6
5
34,6
1
28,9
2
23,5
5
18,4
2
13,3
5
-8,23
-2,33
-1,05
0,40
1,67
4,39
max =
1 i
1e
T i
T
T=
T=
25
99,66
+616=3293
15
15
=
=99,48
ln (53323 ) ln ( 61623) 0,15
max =
6162 3
1e
25
99,48
+616=1460
15
15
=
=98,21
0,15
ln (53330 )ln ( 61630)
max =
61630
1e
T=
ln ( 2i ) ln ( 1 i)
61622
1e
T=
Tr
15
15
=
=99,66
ln (53322 )ln ( 61622) 0,15
max =
T=
+1
25
98,23
+616=1405
15
15
=
=95,67
ln (53344 )ln ( 61644) 0,15
max =
61644
1e
25
95,67
+616=1299
T=
15
15
=
=92,05
0,15
ln (53364 )ln ( 61664)
max =
61664
1e
T=
61685
1e
25
88,25
616113
1e
25
83,17
+ 616=818,46
15
15
=
=77, 92
ln (53314 2 )ln ( 616142) 0,15
max =
616142
1e
T=
+616=1005
15
15
=
=83,17
0,15
ln (533113 )ln ( 616113)
max =
T=
+ 616=1153
15
15
=
=88,25
ln (53385 ) ln ( 61685) 0,15
max =
T=
25
92,05
25
77,92
+616=637,01
15
15
=
=71,92
0,15
ln (533175 )ln ( 616175)
max =
616175
1e
T=
616209
1e
616244
1e
+616=263,93
25
59,41
+ 616=95,02
15
15
=
=53,05
ln (5332 79 )ln ( 616279) 0,15
max =
616279
1e
T=
25
65,76
15
15
=
=59,41
0,15
ln (533244 )ln ( 6162 44)
max =
T=
+616=444,918
15
15
=
=65,76
0,15
ln (533209 )ln ( 616209)
max =
T=
25
71,92
25
53,05
+616=56,2
15
15
=
=46,67
0,15
ln (533314 )ln ( 616314)
max =
616314
1e
25
46,67
+ 616=189,80
T=
15
15
=
=40,65
0,15
ln (533347 ) ln ( 616347)
max =
616347
1e
T=
616380
1e
25
34,61
+616=393,19
15
15
=
=28,92
0,15
ln (533411 )ln ( 616411)
max =
616411
1e
T=
+616=299,40
15
15
=
=34,61
ln (533380 )ln ( 616380) 0,15
max =
T=
25
40,65
25
28,92
+ 616=466,76
15
15
=
=23,55
ln (533440 )ln ( 616440) 0,15
max =
616440
1e
25
23,55
+ 616=522,92
T=
15
15
=
=18,42
ln (533467 )ln ( 616467) 0,15
max =
616467
25
18,42
1e
T=
15
15
=
=13,35
0,15
ln (533493 )ln ( 616493)
max =
616493
1e
T=
25
13,35
616517
1e
25
8,23
+616=611,01
15
15
=
=2.33
0,15
ln (533539 )ln ( 616539)
max =
616539
1e
T=
+ 616=593,659
15
15
=
=8,23
ln (533517 ) ln ( 616517) 0,15
max =
T=
+616=564,36
25
2,33
+616=615,99
15
15
=
=1,05
ln (533560 )ln ( 616560) 0,15
max =
616560
1e
T=
616580
1e
25
0,40
+616=652
15
15
=
=1,67
ln (533598 )ln ( 616598) 0,15
max =
616598
1e
T=
+616=616
15
15
=
=0,40
0,15
ln (533580 )ln ( 616580)
max =
T=
25
1,05
25
1,67
+616=634
15
15
=
=4,39
0,15
ln (533616 ) ln ( 616616)
max =
616616
1e
25
4,39
+616=616