Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Memoriul Explicativ
al Proiectului de An
Calculul elementelor de rezisten ale
platformelor industriale
A elaborat
A verificat
lector superior
Tibichi Viorica
Chiinu 2015
1
Capitolul 1
Calculul elementelor orizontale ale platformelor industriale
1.1 Exemplu de alctuire a unei platforme industriale
S se proiecteze o platform industrial (fig. 1.1) cu dimensiunile reelei de grinzi
10,46.5 m i platelaj metalic, conform datelor iniiale: ncrcarea temporar normat
n
uniform distribuit pe platform q 0 32
kN
m2
varianta 1 (a = 1m)
n0=150;
E1
E
2, 06 105
2, 26 105 MPa,
1 2
1 0,32
determinm raportul
l 4 * n0
72 * E 4 *150
72 * 2.26 *105
1 4 n1
1
80.18
t
15
n0 * q0
15
(150) 4 * 32 *10 3
unde =7850 kg / m3 este masa specific a oelului; g = 9,81 m/s2 acceleraia cderii
libere.
Incarcarea totala normata:
q n q0n q npl 32 0.924 32.924kN / m 2
0.325kN / m 2
12
12
n 4
f0
5 pl
5 .32 * 0.8654
0.608
t
384 E1It 384 * 0.325 * 0,012
E1I
3 f 02
3 * 0.6082 1.11
2
t
3 f 02
.
t2
4.271kN
l2
0.8652
H 0 * Fcr 0.496 * 4.271 2.118 kN
Fcr
pl 2 0.394 * 0.8652
0.0369kN * m
8
8
M0
0.0369
0.025kN * m
1 0 1 0.496
b0 t 0.01 * 0.012 2
2.4 * 10 7 m 3
6
6
f 0.9; z 1.05
kf
H
2.118 *10 3
1.31mm
f Rwf lw wf c
0.9 *180 * 0.01 *1 *1
q f 1 q 0n
f2
q npl
f2
ql 2
34.44 * 6.5 2
181.88kNm
8
8
nM
0.95 *181.88 *10 3
584.36cm 3
c1 R y c
1.12 * 240 *1.1
Conform anexei 9 alegem profilul dublu T33 , care are modulul de rezisten
h 360
b 145
d 7.5
t 12.3
R 14
S x 423 3
Af
A
b f *t
h 2t 2 R d
14.5 *12.3
0.57
(36 2 *12.3 2 *1.4) * 0.75
f1
q 0n
f2
q npl a
f2
34.62kN / m
ql 2 34.62 * 6.5 2
182.84kNm
8
8
Q max
ql 34.62 * 6.5
112 .52kN
2
2
Rs =0.58Ry
unde Sx = 339 cm3 este momentul static al semiseciunii ;
tw=d= 0.7 cm grosimea inimii ;
Ix = 9840 cm4 momentul de inerie al seciunii grinzii (conform anexei 9).
Verificarea rigiditii grinzii se face cu relaia
5
f
5 q nl 3
5
29.01* 6.5 3
1
f
*
0.0034
5
l
384 EI x
384 2,06 *10 *13380
250
l
unde
g gr . pl
a
7850 0,012
48.6
152.63kg / m 2
0.865
unde
1.3.2.
ql 2 34.44 * 2.6 2
29.102kNm
8
8
94.067cm 3
c1 R y c
1,12 240 1,1
i masa
g gr . pl 18.4kg / m .
fig.11
. b
F1 2Q
unde
2ql1
f 1q0n f 2 q npl al1 f 2q gr . pl l1 1,2 * 32 1,05 * 0.924 * 0.865 * 2.6 1,05 * 0.163 * 2.6 8
2
l1 2.6m deschiderea
grinzii platelajului ;
7 F1
7 * 83.660
g gr . sec
0,5 90.6kN / m
l
6 .5
478.46kNm
8
8
n M max
c1 R y c
Conform anexei 9 alegem profilul T55cu Wx =2035 cm3 i masa gr.sec =92.6
kg/m.
Calculm ncrcarea pe grind, momentul de ncovoiere i fora tietoare
4 * 83.66
92.6 * 9,81*10 3 91kN / m;
6.5
90.6 * (6.2) 2
M max
478.46kNm;
8
90.6 * 6.2
Q max
295.76kN .
2
q ecv
c1 1.12
bf t
h 2t 2 R d
18 *1.65
0.662
55 2 1.65 2 1.8 1.1
0.662 0.5
* (1.07 1.12) 1.11
0.5 1
f
4 q nl 3
4 53.86 * 6.2 3 10 5
1
f
*
0.0016
5
l
384 EI x
384 2,06 10 39727
250
l
unde
7 F1n
7 71.96
n
q gr
0.9 78.4kN / m;
. sec
l
6.5
n
F1n q 0n q npl al1 q gr
. pl l1 32 0,924 0.812 2.6 0,180 2.6 71.96 kN ;
qn
n
q gr
. sec 92.6 * 9.81 907.4 N / m 0.9074 kN / m.
l ef
lim
b
b b
0,35 0,0032 0,76 0,02
t
t h
Ry
2,06 10 5
16.47
240
g2 g
n
pl
n
g gr
. pl
n
g gr
. sec
9260 0,012
18.4 92.6
169.38kg / m 2
0.812 2.6
1.4
F 2
q ecv.
t=2....20 mm).
ql
ql 31.64 * 6.2 196.17 kN / m
2
10 F 10 196.17
157 kN / m
L
12.5
q ecv * L2
157 *12.5 2
1.02
3128.7 kN m
8
8
q ecv * L
157 *12.5
1.02
1001kN
2
2
10 F n 10 164.7
131kN / m
L
12.5
M n
n
q ecv
* L2
131.76 *12.5 2
1.02
2625kN m
8
8
unde = 1,02 este un coeficient care ine seama de greutatea proprie a grinzii
principale.
Modulul de rezisten necesar al grinzii principale :
Wx
n M 1* 3128.7 *10
11851cm 3
Ry c
240 1,1
Lund preventiv
t w 10mm
Wx
11851
1,1
120cm
tw
1
hopt 1,1
n
R y M max
240
2625
2Ln 0
2 * 0.1*1250 * 400
98.2cm
5
E M max
2,06 10 3128.7
Din Lihtarnicov p.351 alegem nlimea grinzii din tabl cu limea 1250 mm :
hw = 1250-10 =1240 mm. Grosimea minim a inimii va fi:
3 Q max
3 1001*10
7.8mm
2 hw R s c 2 124 *140 *1,1
tw
unde rezistena de calcul la forfecare Rs = 140 MPa , conform anexei 1 pentru oel
clasa C245.
Verificm condiia , conform creia nu se cer rigidizri longitudinale
124
240
4.23 5,5
2,06 10 5
W x h w t w 11851 124 1
74.9cm 2
hw
6
124
6
48 2 96cm 2 .
24 0.5
2,06 10 5
11.8 c 0,5
15
2
270
t w hw3
1*124 3
2Af a 2
2 * 74.9 63 2 753441.53cm 2
12
12
h w t f 124 2
63cm
2
2
2
2
Wx
2 I x 2 * 753441.53
11772 .5cm 3
h
128
h=124+2+2=128
10
b f 180,
b f 300mm
t w h w3
1 124 3
2 A f a 2
2 30 2 * 63 2 635165.3cm 4
12
12
- modulul de rezisten
W
2 I x 2 635165.3
9924.5cm 3
h
128
b1f
bf
tf
h
124 2
S f b f t f w 30 * 2
3780cm 3
2
2
2
2
Talpa modificat se mbin cu talpa iniial prin sudur cap la cap cu srm de
sudur marca
C B 08
qz 2 qLz 2 *W * 0.85 R y
z 1 2.63
z1
z 2 7.36
z2
11
2038kN ;
2
2
L
12.5
z1 157
2.63 568kN
2
Q q
10 3 199MPa
W x h 9924.5 128
Q S f
x w
I t
568 3680 10
33.8MPa
635165.3 1
hw
tw
Ry
E
124
240
4.23 2,5
1 2,06 10 5
w 4.23 2,5
w 4.23 5,5
. n schimb
tensiuni tangeniale.
Stabilitatea local a inimii nu este asigurat i inima se va ntri cu rigidizri
transversale amplasate la distana
L
12500
1.38mm
m1
9000
br
Adoptm
br 90mm
Adoptm
Ry
E
2 80
240
6.01mm
2,06 10 5
tr 8 mm.
Panoul de reazem
12
Mz
471kN
2
2
L
12.5
z 157
0.5 902.75kN
2
Q z q ecv *
M z hw 471 * 124 10 3
46 MPa
9924.5 *128
W x h
Qz
902.75 10
72.8MPa
hw t w
124 1
F
196.17 * 10
109 MPa
l0 t w
18 * 1
loc
0,76 Rs
0,76 140
cr 10,3 1 2
10,3 1
118 MPa
2
ef
0.96 2 4.712
Rs 140 MPa
unde
0.96;
a 132
a R y 138
ef
1
tw E
240
4.71;
2,06 10 5
Calculm parametrul
b f t f
hef t w
30 2
0,8
124 1
1.54
a
1.1
hef
Pentru
2 42.2
c2 R y
2w
cr ,loc
c1 R y
a
tw
2w
45.2 * 260
863MPa
3.69 2
Ry
E
21.85 * 240
236MPa
4.712
138
240
4.71;
2,06 10 5
13
cr
cr ,loc
cr
0.82 c 1.1
3043kN * m
2
2
L
12.5
Q z q ecv
z 157
5.7 86.4kN
2
Mz
M z hw 3043 10 3 124
250 MPa
11772 .5 128
Wx h
Qz
7 MPa
hw t w
118 MPa
Calculam parametrul
b f t f
hef t w
Pentru
48 2
0,8
124 1
2.5
a
138
1.1
hef
124
c2 R y
566MPa
2w
cr ,loc
c1 R y
2
a
unde
c2 42.2
21.85 * 240
236.2 MPa
4.23 2
cr cr ,loc
cr
0.9 c 1.1
2556kN
2
2
L
12.5
Q z q ecv
z 157
3.7 400kN
2
Mz
M z hw 2556 10 3 124
210MPa
11772 .5 128
Wx h
Qz
410 * 10
32.26 MPa
hw t w
124 * 1
W x 11772 .5cm
Tensiunile tangentiale critice vor fi egale cu tensiunile critice ale panoului din centru
cr 118 MPa
cr 566MPa
cr ,loc 236.2 MPa
cr cr ,loc
cr
0.87 c 1.1
Grosimea cordonului
kf
kf
se va determina cu relaia
T 2 V 2
5.37 2 10.9 2 *10
0.482cm 4.82mm
n w f R wf wf c
2 * 0.7 *180 *1*1
15
T
V
Q z S If
I xI
902.75 * 33780
5.37 kN / cm
635165.3
F 196.17
10.9kN / cm
l0
18
nF
0.95 *1001*10
A 24
0.8cm ;Adoptam
bs
30
grosimea rigidizarii
t s 14mm
n F 0.95 *1001*10
unde:
Am b s t s 0.65t w2
Iz
iz
E
2.06 *10 5
30 *1.4 0.65 *12 *
60.3cm 2
Ry
260
b s t s 1.4 * 30 3
3150cm 4
12
12
Iz
Am
3150
124
7.2cm; z
17.2 Conform
61
7.2
Grosimea cordonului de sudur, care prinde rigidizarea de reazem de inima grinzii este:
kf
1.2 * n * F
1.2 * 0.95 *1001*10
0.33cm
n w * * R w * w min * l w * c 2 * 0.7 *180 *1* 124 1 *1.1
( R w w ) min =180MPa
N
2002 *10
45.1cm
4k f * R w w min * c 4 * 0.8 *126 *1.1
Adoptam hn=50 cm
16
N
2002 *10
1.58cm
l ef * R p
35 * 360
l ef b 2t p 30 * 2 * 3.5 35cm
0.8
nNo
0.95 * 2002 *10
99cm
2 o R y c
0.8 * 240 *1
0.8
n N0
0.95 * 2002 *10
49.5cm 2
2 x 0 R y c
2 * 0.8 * 240 *1
x * l 1* 924
n
Tensiunile in stilp 2 A 2 * 0.805 * 49.5 239.7 MPa R y c 240 *1.1 264MPa,
x1 r
unde
profile U36.
17
30 calculam
ef x .
coeficientul de zveltete in
raport cu axa y .
ef 2x 2r 65 2 30 2 57.6
Raza de inertie
iy
y *l
ef
1* 924
i
16cm ; i y 0.44b; b y 16 36.3cm.
57.6
0.44 0.44
unde
a
y1 ;
b
40
z0
2.68 17.32cm ;
2
2
iy
Iy
A
ly
iy
32144
17.34cm ;
2 * 53.4
9.24
53.3cm .
17.34
Stabilim dimensiunile placutelor : dpl = 250 mm, tpl=10 cm.Calculam distanta dintre
placute :
l0= r*iy1=30*3.1=93 cm.
Adoptam l0=95cm.Distanta dintre centrele placutelor lr=l0+dpl=95+25=120 cm.
l
0
Coeficientul de zveltete al ramurilor : r= i
95 / 3.1 30.6
y1
y =0.820 ;
0.95 * 2002 * 10
217 MPa 240 * 1MPa ;
2 * 53.4 * 0.820
18
E N
2.06 *10 5
Q fic 7.15 *10 6 2330
7.15 *10 6 2330
R y y
240
2002
25kN
0.820
y min 0.820
unde
Q fic l r
2*c
25 *1.2
43.35 kN
2 * 0.346
1
1
* Q fic l r * 25 *1.2 7.5 kNm
4
4
f k f l2w
6
61.7cm 3
w= M
W
7.5 *10 3
121.6 MPa
61.7
43.35 *10
27 MPa
16.1
w=
A
Tensiunile rezultante
= w 2 w 2
O alta varianta de solidarizare a ramurilor este cea cu zabrelute, pe care si o vom adopta
definitiv. Din cauza efortului mare in stilp centrarea zabrelutelor se infaptuieste pe axele
ramurilor. Lungimea diagonalei intre centrele retelei
l d c / sin 30.6 / sin 45 50cm
19
d'
Q fic
2 A sin
'
d
25 *10
36.9MPa
2 * 4.8 * sin 45 0
Tensiunile in stilp
s
N
2011.11 *10
188.3MPa
2 Ar
2 * 53.4
Unde min
"'
d
0.869
conform anexei 5
Nd
63.3 *10
13.4cm
f * k f * R wf 1 * wf * c 0.7 * 0.5 *180 *1* 0.75
'
a1
A
2 * 53.4
53.3 2 30.2
56.5 x 65
Ad
2 * 4.8
10l d3
10 * 50 3
36
c 2 l 2 30.6 2 * 30.6
l 2 c 30.6
Ad 2 Ad' 2 * 4.8 9.6
20
Materialul stilpului este otel clasa C245 (Ry=240MPa); fundatia sub stilp se executa
din beton clasa C15 forta axiala in stilp N=2011.11kN
G st 2 * f * m0 * l * g 2 * 1.2 * 9.24 * 41.9 * 9.81 * 10 3 9.kN
N
2011.11
0.665m
B * Rb ,loc
0.56 * 5.4 *10 3
* 10 3 4.8MPa
B * L 0.6 * 0.7
qf
Pentru sectorul 2
=0.06
q f *c2
2
4.8 * 8.6 2 * 10 1
19.2kNcm
2
6 * M max
Ry * c
6 * 37.3 * 10
2.9cm
240 *1.1
nlimea traversei
htr
n *N
0.95 * 2011.11 * 10
1cm 29.7cm
n w * f * k f * Rwf * wf * c 4 * 0.7 *1.2 *180 *1 *1.1
21
Adoptm
htr
=30cm
tr
M tr
1936.3kN * cm
2
2
a1
36
t tr c 5.4.8
1.3 8.6 * 10 1 13.4kN
2
q tr q f
Qtr=qtr*b1=13.4*17=227.8kN
tr
Qtr
227.8 * 10
10mm )
n *N
0.95 * 2011.11 * 10
100.34 MPa R * *
< wf wf c
f * k f * l wi
0.7 * 1 * 272
wi
2 * 70 4 * 17 2 * 36 8 * 1 272cm
22