1.

DATE INIIALE

Sa se efectueze calculul dinamic pentru un autovehciul de teren echipat cu MAC, avand urmatoarele caracteristic
Puterea nominal Pn =
44 kW
Turaia nominal nn =

5700 rot/min

2.PARAMETRII DINAMICI I DE GREUTATE

2.1. Caracteristica extern
Se adopt: turaia maxim nmax = 1,05nn = 1,053850 =
turaia minim de mers stabil n sarcin nmin =
coeficientul de elasticitate c = nM/nn =
parametrii 1 = (3-4c)/2(1-c) =
2 = 2c/2(1-c) =
3 = -1/2(1-c) =

5985 rot/min
1000 rot/min
0.5
1
1
-1

Curba puterii:
Pei = Pn[ 1(ni/nn) + 2(ni/nn) + 3(ni/nn)]
Curba momentului:
Turaia momentului maxim nM = cnn = 0,5=

2850 rot/min

Mei = 9,5510Pei/ni
Momentul maxim Mmax =

92.15 Nm

Momentul la turaia nominal MP =

73.72 Nm

Coeficientul de adaptabilitate k = Mmax/MP = 363.15/302,62 =

1.25

Curba consumului specific:

ci = ce[ 1' - 2'(ni/nn) + 3'(ni/nn)]
Se adopt consumul specific efectiv la turaie nominal ce =
Pentru m.a.c. cu injecie direct se adopt coeficienii:
1' = 1.55
2' = 1.55
3' = 1

250 g/kWh

Curba consumului orar:

Ci =ciPei/1000
Tabelul 1

ni

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

2200

2400

Pei

8.84

10.80

12.81

14.84

16.90

18.95

21.01

23.04

Mei

84.38

85.97

87.38

88.60

89.65

90.51

91.19

91.69

ci

327.21

317.00

307.41

298.43

290.06

282.31

275.18

268.66

Ci

2.89

3.42

3.94

4.43

4.90

5.35

5.78

6.19

ni

3400

3600

3800

4000

4200

4400

4600

4800

Pei

32.56

34.26

35.85

37.34

38.71

39.94

41.04

41.98

Mei

91.46

90.87

90.10

89.15

88.01

86.70

85.20

83.52

ci

245.31

242.49

240.28

238.68

237.71

237.35

237.60

238.47

Ci

7.99

8.31

8.61

8.91

9.20

9.48

9.75

10.01

2.2. Parametrii de greutate

Se adopt: ampatamentul L=
acceleraia gravitaional g =
greutatea proprie a autovehiculului G0 = 950 kg* g =
numrul de locuri pe scaune n =
greutatea unei persoane Gp = 75g =
greutatea bagajului Gb = 5g =
raportul a/L =
raportul b/L =
nlimea hg =
Greutatea util a autovehiculului Gu =
Greutatea total a autovehiculului Ga = Gu+G0+(n+1)(Gp+Gb) =

2030 mm
9.81 m/s
10791 N
2
735.75 N
49.05 N
0.45
0.55
0.5 m
875 N
14020.4 N

Coeficientul de utilizare a greutii G = Gu/G0 =

Distana a = 0,6L = 0,62853 =
Distana b = 0,4L = 0,42853 =
Greutatea pe puntea fa G1 =bGa/L = 1141.2/2853 =

7711.22 N

Greutatea pe puntea spate G2 = aGa/L = 1711.8/2853 =

6309.18 N

Se adopt: greutatea pe puntea fa G1=

greutatea pe puntea spate G2=

0.08
913.5 mm
1116.5 mm

5019.5 N
7529.3 N

Repartiia pe o roat a punii fa Gr1 = G1/2 = 75000/2 =

2509.75 N

Repartiia pe o roat a punii spate Gr2 = G2/4 = 110000/4 =

1882.33 N

Se aleg anvelope de construcie radial tip 205/70/R15, cu urmtoarele caracteristici:

Mrimea
Pliuri
Simbolul
anvelopei echivalente jantei
205/70/R15

16

7,5-16.5

Limea Diametrul
seciunii exterior
[mm] max.
[mm]
205
667

Raza
static

Mrimea
camerei

Tabelul 2
Presiunea

pneului

[mm]

[bar]

262

15

7.25

2.3. Calculul vitezei maxime a autovehiculului.

Se adopt: ecartamentul B =
nlimea total H =
coeficientul de rezisten la rulare pentru
drum de asfalt bun f =
coeficientul de rezisten a aerului cx =
densitatea aerului =
randamentul transmisiei tr =

1360 mm
1680 mm
0.02
0.75
1.226 kg/m
0.92

Coeficientul aerodinamic k =cx/2= 1,2260,65/2 =

Suprafaa frontal maxim care se opune naintrii S = HB = 32 =
Termenul A = Gaf/(kS) =
Termenul B = trPvmax/(kS) =

0.4598
2.2848 m
17.3928
38536.3498

Viteza maxim a autovehiculului vmax =

33.61 m/s
120.98 km/h

2.4. Determinarea rapoartelor de transmitere din cutia de viteze.

Se adopt: coeficientul de deformare a roii =
unghiul maxim al pantei max =
coeficientul schimbrii dinamice a reaciunilor
la puntea motoare m2 =
coeficientul de aderen =
Raza de lucru a roii r = Dr/2 = 0,95/2 =
Raportul de transmitere al transmisiei principale
i0=rnvmax/(30ikvmaxiCDNvmax)=3,14411.4910-3/(3011)=

0.95
20
1.4
0.8
316.83 mm
5.63

Se adopta i0
i0 =
Coeficientul rezistenei totale
a drumului max = fcosmax+sinmax = 0,02cos12+sin12 =

Raportul de transmitere al treptei nti

ikI =

ikI =
m2G2
r/(Mmaxtri0)

< ikI <

Verificare: Gamaxr/(Mmaxtri0)
5.8170 <4.25
9.6968
n care G2 reprezint greutatea repartizat pe puntea motoare.

3.25
0.36

4.25
,

Raza stat

Se alege o cutie de viteze cu ase rapoarte.

Valoarea raiei geometrice q = ikI1/(n-1) =

1.33560423

Raportul de transmitere al treptei a doua ikII = ikIq

-(2-1)

Raportul de transmitere al treptei a treia ikIII = ikIq

-(3-1)

3.18208037

2.38250246

Raportul de transmitere al treptei a patra ikIV = ikIq

-(4-1)

Raportul de transmitere al treptei a cincea ikV = ikIq

-(5-1)

1.78383866

Se adopt urmtoarele rapoarte de transmitere ale cutiei de viteze:

Tabelul 3

Treapta
Valoarea

ikI

ikII

ikIII

ikIV

ikV

4.250

3.182

2.383

1.784

1.000

2.5. Determinarea vitezelor corespunztoare treptelor de vitez.

Turaia limit inferioar de schimbare a treptei n1 = nnikII/ikI =

4267.73132 rot/min

Se adopt turaia limit inferioar de

schimbare a treptelor de vitez n1 =

2900 rot/min

Viteza corespunztoare treptei de vitez vai = rni/(30i0iki)

Tabelul 4

n
2900
3000
3200
3400
3600
3800
4000
4200
4400
4600
4800
5000
5200
5400
5600
5800
5850

vI

vII

vIII

vIV

vV

4.022955
4.161678
4.439123
4.716568
4.994014
5.271459
5.548904
5.826349
6.103794
6.38124
6.658685
6.93613
7.213575
7.49102
7.768466
8.045911
8.115272

5.3730763
5.5583548
5.9289118
6.2994687
6.6700257
7.0405827
7.4111397
7.7816967
8.1522537
8.5228107
8.8933676
9.2639246
9.6344816
10.005039
10.375596
10.746153
10.838792

7.176303
7.423762
7.91868
8.413597
8.908515
9.403432
9.89835
10.39327
10.88818
11.3831
11.87802
12.37294
12.86785
13.36277
13.85769
14.35261
14.47634

9.5847012
9.9152081
10.576222
11.237236
11.89825
12.559264
13.220278
13.881291
14.542305
15.203319
15.864333
16.525347
17.186361
17.847375
18.508389
19.169402
19.334656

17.09756
17.68713
18.86627
20.04542
21.22456
22.4037
23.58284
24.76198
25.94113
27.12027
28.29941
29.47855
30.65769
31.83684
33.01598
34.19512
34.48991

2.6. Caracteristica de traciune. Caracteristica dinamic.

FR = Metri0ik/r

D = (FR-kSva)/Ga

a = g(D-)/

min

max

Tabelul 5

n [rot/min]

Pe [N]

Me [Nm]

va [m/s]

FR

1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
2200
2400
2600
2800
2850
3000
3200
3400
3600
3800
4000
4200
4400
4600
4800
5000
5200
5400
5600
5850

8.84
10.80
12.81
14.84
16.90
18.95
21.01
23.04
25.05
27.02
27.50
32.56
34.26
35.85
37.34
39.94
8.84
10.80
12.81
14.84
16.90
18.95
21.01
23.04
25.05
27.02

84.38
85.97
87.38
88.60
89.65
90.51
91.19
91.69
92.01
92.14
92.15
92.10
91.87
91.46
90.87
90.10
89.15
88.01
86.70
85.20
83.52
81.66
79.62
77.40
74.99
71.73

1.39
1.66
1.94
2.22
2.50
2.77
3.05
3.33
3.61
3.88
3.95
4.16
4.44
4.72
4.99
5.27
5.55
5.83
6.10
6.38
6.66
6.94
7.21
7.49
7.77
8.12

5860.39
5970.70
6068.40
6153.49
6225.98
6285.86
6333.13
6367.80
6389.86
6399.32
6399.71
6396.17
6380.41
6352.04
6311.07
6257.50
6191.31
6112.52
6021.13
5917.12
5800.51
5671.30
5529.48
5375.05
5208.01
4981.49

D
0.42
0.43
0.43
0.44
0.44
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.46
0.46
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.44
0.44
0.43
0.43
0.42
0.41
0.40
0.39
0.38
0.37
0.35

a [m/s]
1.87
1.91
1.94
1.97
1.99
2.01
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.05
2.05
2.05
2.04
2.03
2.02
2.00
1.97
1.95
1.91
1.88
1.84
1.79
1.74
1.69
1.63
1.56

1/a [s/m]
0.53
0.52
0.51
0.51
0.50
0.50
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.49
0.50
0.50
0.51
0.51
0.52
0.53
0.54
0.56
0.57
0.59
0.61
0.64

1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
2200
2400
2600
2800
2850
3000
3200
3400
3600
3800
4000
4200
4400

8.84
10.80
12.81
14.84
16.90
18.95
21.01
23.04
25.05
27.02
27.50
28.93
30.78
32.56
34.26
35.85
37.34
38.71
39.94

84.38
85.97
87.38
88.60
89.65
90.51
91.19
91.69
92.01
92.14
92.15
92.10
91.87
91.46
90.87
90.10
89.15
88.01
86.70

1.85
2.22
2.59
2.96
3.34
3.71
4.08
4.45
4.82
5.19
5.28
5.56
5.93
6.30
6.67
7.04
7.41
7.78
8.15

4387.82
4470.41
4543.56
4607.27
4661.55
4706.38
4741.77
4767.73
4784.25
4791.33
4791.62
4788.97
4777.17
4755.93
4725.26
4685.14
4635.59
4576.60
4508.17

0.31
0.32
0.32
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.34
0.34
0.34
0.34
0.34
0.34
0.34
0.34
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.32
0.32

1.79
1.82
1.85
1.88
1.90
1.92
1.93
1.94
1.95
1.95
1.95
1.95
1.94
1.93
1.91
1.89
1.87
1.84
1.81

0.56
0.55
0.54
0.53
0.53
0.52
0.52
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.51
0.52
0.52
0.52
0.53
0.53
0.54
0.55

[N]

4600
4800
5000
5200
5400
5600
5850

41.04
41.98
42.75
43.35
43.76
43.97
43.94

85.20
83.52
81.66
79.62
77.40
74.99
71.73

8.52
8.89
9.26
9.63
10.01
10.38
10.84

4430.30
4342.99
4246.24
4140.06
4024.43
3899.37
3729.77

0.31
0.30
0.30
0.29
0.28
0.27
0.26

1.77
1.73
1.69
1.64
1.58
1.53
1.45

0.56
0.58
0.59
0.61
0.63
0.66
0.69

1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
2200
2400
2600
2800
2850
3000
3200
3400
3600
3800
4000
4200
4400
4600
4800
5000
5200
5400
5600
5850

8.84
10.80
12.81
14.84
16.90
18.95
21.01
23.04
25.05
27.02
27.50
28.93
30.78
32.56
34.26
35.85
37.34
38.71
39.94
41.04
41.98
42.75
43.35
43.76
43.97
43.94

84.38
85.97
87.38
88.60
89.65
90.51
91.19
91.69
92.01
92.14
92.15
92.10
91.87
91.46
90.87
90.10
89.15
88.01
86.70
85.20
83.52
81.66
79.62
77.40
74.99
71.73

2.47
2.97
3.46
3.96
4.45
4.95
5.44
5.94
6.43
6.93
7.05
7.42
7.92
8.41
8.91
9.40
9.90
10.39
10.89
11.38
11.88
12.37
12.87
13.36
13.86
14.48

3285.27
3347.11
3401.88
3449.58
3490.21
3523.78
3550.28
3569.72
3582.09
3587.39
3587.61
3585.62
3576.79
3560.88
3537.92
3507.88
3470.78
3426.61
3375.38
3317.07
3251.70
3179.27
3099.76
3013.19
2919.55
2792.57

0.23
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.23
0.23
0.22
0.22
0.21
0.20
0.19
0.18

1.56
1.60
1.62
1.65
1.66
1.68
1.69
1.70
1.70
1.70
1.70
1.69
1.69
1.67
1.66
1.64
1.61
1.58
1.55
1.51
1.47
1.43
1.38
1.33
1.27
1.20

0.64
0.63
0.62
0.61
0.60
0.60
0.59
0.59
0.59
0.59
0.59
0.59
0.59
0.60
0.60
0.61
0.62
0.63
0.65
0.66
0.68
0.70
0.72
0.75
0.79
0.84

1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
2200
2400
2600
2800
2850
3000

8.84
10.80
12.81
14.84
16.90
18.95
21.01
23.04
25.05
27.02
27.50
28.93

84.38
85.97
87.38
88.60
89.65
90.51
91.19
91.69
92.01
92.14
92.15
92.10

3.31
3.97
4.63
5.29
5.95
6.61
7.27
7.93
8.59
9.25
9.42
9.92

2459.76
2506.06
2547.07
2582.79
2613.21
2638.34
2658.19
2672.74
2682.00
2685.96
2686.13
2684.64

0.17
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.19
0.19
0.19
0.19
0.18
0.18

1.27
1.30
1.32
1.34
1.35
1.36
1.36
1.37
1.37
1.36
1.36
1.35

0.79
0.77
0.76
0.75
0.74
0.74
0.73
0.73
0.73
0.74
0.74
0.74

3200
3400
3600
3800
4000
4200
4400
4600
4800
5000
5200
5400
5600
5850

30.78
32.56
34.26
35.85
37.34
38.71
39.94
41.04
41.98
42.75
43.35
43.76
43.97
43.94

91.87
91.46
90.87
90.10
89.15
88.01
86.70
85.20
83.52
81.66
79.62
77.40
74.99
71.73

10.58
11.24
11.90
12.56
13.22
13.88
14.54
15.20
15.86
16.53
17.19
17.85
18.51
19.33

2678.03
2666.12
2648.93
2626.44
2598.66
2565.59
2527.23
2483.58
2434.63
2380.40
2320.87
2256.05
2185.94
2090.87

0.18
0.18
0.18
0.18
0.17
0.17
0.16
0.16
0.15
0.15
0.14
0.14
0.13
0.12

1.34
1.32
1.30
1.28
1.25
1.22
1.19
1.15
1.11
1.07
1.02
0.96
0.91
0.83

0.75
0.76
0.77
0.78
0.80
0.82
0.84
0.87
0.90
0.94
0.98
1.04
1.10
1.20

1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
2200
2400
2600
2800
2850
3000
3200
3400
3600
3800
4000
4200
4400
4600
4800
5000
5200
5400
5600
5850

8.84
10.80
12.81
14.84
16.90
18.95
21.01
23.04
25.05
27.02
27.50
28.93
30.78
32.56
34.26
35.85
37.34
38.71
39.94
41.04
41.98
42.75
43.35
43.76
43.97
43.94

84.38
85.97
87.38
88.60
89.65
90.51
91.19
91.69
92.01
92.14
92.15
92.10
91.87
91.46
90.87
90.10
89.15
88.01
86.70
85.20
83.52
81.66
79.62
77.40
74.99
71.73

5.90
7.07
8.25
9.43
10.61
11.79
12.97
14.15
15.33
16.51
16.80
17.69
18.87
20.05
21.22
22.40
23.58
24.76
25.94
27.12
28.30
29.48
30.66
31.84
33.02
34.49

1378.92
1404.87
1427.86
1447.88
1464.94
1479.03
1490.15
1498.31
1503.50
1505.72
1505.81
1504.98
1501.27
1494.60
1484.96
1472.35
1456.78
1438.24
1416.74
1392.26
1364.83
1334.42
1301.05
1264.72
1225.42
1172.12

0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.09
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.07
0.07
0.06
0.06
0.05
0.04
0.04
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.01
-0.01

0.83
0.83
0.84
0.84
0.83
0.82
0.81
0.79
0.77
0.74
0.73
0.71
0.68
0.64
0.60
0.55
0.50
0.44
0.39
0.32
0.26
0.18
0.11
0.03
-0.05
-0.17

1.21
1.20
1.19
1.20
1.20
1.22
1.24
1.27
1.30
1.35
1.36
1.40
1.48
1.56
1.68
1.82
2.00
2.25
2.59
3.10
3.92
5.44
9.23
34.79
-18.20
-6.05

Coeficientul influenei maselor n micarea de rotaie, i = 1+0,06iki

Tabelul 6

I
II
III
IV
2.08375 1.6075381 1.340579 1.1909248

V
1

2.7. Timpul de demarare. Spaiul de demarare.

tdi = tdi-1 + (1/ai+1/ai-1)(vi-vi-1)/2

Sdi = Sdi-1 + (tdi-tdi-1)vi - (tdi-tdi-1)(vi-vi-1)/2

Calculul timpului i spaiului de demarare se face pn la atingerea vitezei de 0,9vmax, care

este de aproximativ 39 m/s.
Tabelul 7

ikI
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
2200
2400
2600
2800
2850
3000
3200
3400
3600
3800
4000
4200
4400
4600
4800
5000
5200
5400
5600
5850

va [m/s]
1.39
1.6646712
1.9421164
2.2195616
2.4970068
2.774452
3.0518972
3.3293424
3.6067876
3.8842328
3.9535941
4.161678
4.439123
4.716568
4.994014
5.271459
5.55
5.8263492
6.1037944
6.3812396
6.6586848
6.93613
7.2135752
7.4910204
7.7684656
8.1152721

1/a [s/m]
0.533902
0.52363
0.514881
0.50752
0.501444
0.496565
0.49282
0.490159
0.488548
0.487966
0.48798
0.488406
0.489873
0.492386
0.495978
0.500695
0.506601
0.513777
0.522326
0.532377
0.544088
0.557657
0.573325
0.591395
0.612244
0.64295

td [s]
0
0.1467035
0.2907684
0.4325986
0.5725647
0.711011
0.8482612
0.9846226
1.1203914
1.2558559
1.2897023
1.3912873
1.5269966
1.6632582
1.8003667
1.9386278
2.0783625
2.219912
2.3636428
2.5099539
2.659284
2.8121209
2.9690136
3.1305866
3.2975585
3.5152132

Sd [m]
0
0.223862
0.483668
0.778793
1.108873
1.473781
1.873614
2.308692
2.779547
3.28693
3.419571
3.831766
4.415371
5.039155
5.704857
6.414515
7.170505
7.975585
8.83295
9.7463
10.71993
11.75882
12.86881
14.05675
15.3307
17.05928

ikII

8.89
9.26
9.63
10.01
10.38

0.516996
0.514375
0.512893
0.512528
0.512611

3.7718783
3.9629692
4.1532999
4.3432884
4.5332247

19.36378
21.09863
22.8971
24.76274
26.69825

ikIII

12.37
12.87
13.36
13.86
14.48

0.591572
0.589113
0.58804
0.588337
0.588626

5.6359395
5.9281103
6.219407
6.5105119
6.8745741

39.24083
42.92814
46.74858
50.71059
55.86826

ikIV

16.53
17.19
17.85
18.51
19.33

0.73294
0.731681
0.732379
0.735043
0.736021

8.2285252
8.7125927
9.1964746
9.6814676
10.289213

76.85564
85.01501
93.49111
102.3073
113.8067

ikV

29.48
30.66
31.84
33.02
34.49

1.237932 20.300998 358.1604

1.265819 21.777137 402.5451
1.301936 23.29101 449.8495
1.347614 24.853108 500.5028
1.36073 26.84906 567.872

2.8. Bilanul de putere.

PRi = FRiva

Pr = fGavacos

Pp=Gavasin

Pa = kSva

Tabelul 8

Pr [N]
388.9893
466.7871
544.585
622.3828
700.1807
777.9785
855.7764
933.5742
1011.372
1089.17
1108.619
1166.968
1244.766
1322.564
1400.361
1478.159
1555.957
1633.755

Pa [N]
2.804217
4.845687
7.694771
11.48607
16.35419
22.43373
29.8593
38.76549
49.28692
61.55817
64.91517
75.71386
91.88858
110.2169
130.8335
153.873
179.4699
207.7588

va [m/s]
1.3872
1.6647
1.9421
2.2196
2.4970
2.7745
3.0519
3.3293
3.6068
3.8842
3.9536
4.1617
4.4391
4.7166
4.9940
5.2715
5.5489
5.8263

PR [N]
8129.692
9939.254
11785.54
13658.06
15546.31
17439.82
19328.08
21200.59
23046.88
24856.44
25301.86
26618.79
28323.42
29959.85
31517.59
32986.13
34355
35613.69

0
Pt [N]
391.79349
471.63281
552.27975
633.8689
716.53488
800.41228
885.6357
972.33974
1060.659
1150.7281
1173.5346
1242.6817
1336.6542
1432.7805
1531.1949
1632.0322
1735.427
1841.5138

Pt [N]
500.7597
602.3923
704.8325
808.2149
912.6741
1018.345
1125.361
1233.859
1343.971
1455.834
1484.088
1569.58
1685.346
1803.266
1923.473
2046.104
2171.292
2299.172

10
Pt [N]
605.936213
728.604082
852.079565
976.497266
1101.99179
1228.69773
1356.74969
1486.28228
1617.4301
1750.32776
1783.84135
1885.10984
2021.91096
2160.86572
2302.10873
2445.77457
2591.99786
2740.9132

15
Pt [N]
706.5225
849.3076
992.9004
1137.435
1283.047
1429.87
1578.04
1727.689
1878.954
2031.969
2070.512
2186.869
2343.787
2502.859
2664.219
2828.002
2994.343
3163.376

1711.553
1789.351
1867.148
1944.946
2022.744
2100.542
2178.34
2275.587

238.8744
272.9513
310.124
350.5271
394.2953
441.5632
492.4653
561.4088

6.1038
6.3812
6.6587
6.9361
7.2136
7.4910
7.7685
8.1153

36751.72
37758.58
38623.8
39336.87
39887.3
40264.6
40458.28
40426.17

1950.4272
2062.3019
2177.2724
2295.4735
2417.0395
2542.1053
2670.8053
2836.996

2429.879
2563.547
2700.31
2840.305
2983.664
3130.523
3281.016
3474.448

2892.65519
3047.35843
3205.15753
3366.18709
3530.5817
3698.47598
3870.00452
4089.73095

3335.235
3510.055
3687.972
3869.119
4053.63
4241.642
4433.288
4678.161

519.5357
623.4429
727.35
831.2571
935.1643
1039.071
1142.979
1246.886
1350.793
1454.7
1480.677
1558.607
1662.514
1766.421
1870.329
1974.236
2078.143
2182.05
2285.957
2389.864
2493.771
2597.679
2701.586
2805.493
2909.4
3039.284

6.681054
11.54486
18.33281
27.3656
38.9639
53.44843
71.13986
92.35888
117.4262
146.6625
154.6605
180.3884
218.9248
262.5921
311.7112
366.6028
427.5874
494.9859
569.1189
650.307
738.8711
835.1317
939.4096
1052.025
1173.3
1337.558

1.8527849
2.2233419
2.5938989
2.9644559
3.3350129
3.7055698
4.0761268
4.4466838
4.8172408
5.1877978
5.280437
5.5583548
5.9289118
6.2994687
6.6700257
7.0405827
7.4111397
7.7816967
8.1522537
8.5228107
8.8933676
9.2639246
9.6344816
10.005039
10.375596
10.838792

8129.692
9939.254
11785.54
13658.06
15546.31
17439.82
19328.08
21200.59
23046.88
24856.44
25301.86
26618.79
28323.42
29959.85
31517.59
32986.13
34355
35613.69
36751.72
37758.58
38623.8
39336.87
39887.3
40264.6
40458.28
40426.17

526.21677
634.98772
745.68281
858.62274
974.12819
1092.5199
1214.1184
1339.2446
1468.2191
1601.3625
1635.3373
1738.9956
1881.4391
2029.0136
2182.0398
2340.8385
2505.7303
2677.0359
2855.076
3040.1713
3232.6425
3432.8103
3640.9953
3857.5183
4082.6999
4376.8417

671.7525
809.6306
949.4329
1091.48
1236.093
1383.591
1534.297
1688.53
1846.612
2008.863
2050.114
2175.603
2347.153
2523.835
2705.969
2893.874
3087.873
3288.286
3495.433
3709.636
3931.214
4160.489
4397.781
4643.411
4897.7
5228.226

812.226699
978.199635
1146.09671
1316.23863
1488.94607
1664.53972
1843.34028
2025.66843
2211.84487
2402.19029
2450.46563
2597.02538
2796.67083
3001.44732
3211.67556
3427.67622
3649.77001
3878.27761
4113.5197
4355.817
4605.49017
4862.85992
5128.24693
5401.9719
5684.35551
6049.9998

946.5702
1139.412
1334.178
1531.188
1730.764
1933.227
2138.896
2348.093
2561.138
2778.352
2833.345
3000.056
3226.57
3458.215
3695.312
3938.181
4187.144
4442.52
4704.631
4973.797
5250.339
5534.577
5826.833
6127.427
6436.679
6835.909

693.8941
832.6729
971.4517
1110.231
1249.009
1387.788
1526.567
1665.346
1804.125
1942.903
1977.598
2081.682
2220.461

15.91763
27.50566
43.67797
65.1986
92.8316
127.341
169.4909
220.0453
279.7682
349.4237
368.4791
429.7759
521.5888

2.4745874
2.9695049
3.4644223
3.9593398
4.4542573
4.9491748
5.4440922
5.9390097
6.4339272
6.9288447
7.052574
7.4237622
7.9186796

8129.692
9939.254
11785.54
13658.06
15546.31
17439.82
19328.08
21200.59
23046.88
24856.44
25301.86
26618.79
28323.42

709.81173
860.17858
1015.1297
1175.4292
1341.841
1515.1292
1696.0579
1885.3911
2083.8929
2292.3272
2346.0773
2511.4582
2742.0499

904.1899
1093.432
1287.259
1486.434
1691.722
1903.886
2123.69
2351.899
2589.276
2836.586
2900.055
3094.593
3364.06

1091.8078
1318.57386
1549.92421
1786.62287
2029.43391
2279.12136
2536.44926
2802.18168
3077.08265
3361.91622
3434.76612
3657.44643
3964.43734

1271.238
1533.89
1801.126
2073.71
2352.407
2637.981
2931.195
3232.813
3543.6
3864.319
3946.141
4195.736
4538.612

2359.24
2498.019
2636.798
2775.576
2914.355
3053.134
3191.913
3330.692
3469.47
3608.249
3747.028
3885.807
4059.28

625.6264
742.6528
873.432
1018.728
1179.305
1355.927
1549.358
1760.362
1989.703
2238.146
2506.453
2795.39
3186.735

8.4135971
8.9085146
9.4034321
9.8983495
10.393267
10.888184
11.383102
11.878019
12.372937
12.867854
13.362772
13.857689
14.476336

29959.85
31517.59
32986.13
34355
35613.69
36751.72
37758.58
38623.8
39336.87
39887.3
40264.6
40458.28
40426.17

2984.8663
3240.6715
3510.2296
3794.3045
4093.6603
4409.0611
4741.271
5091.0538
5459.1738
5846.3949
6253.4813
6681.1969
7246.0152

3645.752
3940.433
4248.867
4571.817
4910.049
5264.325
5635.411
6024.069
6431.065
6857.161
7303.123
7769.715
8383.128

4283.65298
4615.8574
4961.81466
5322.28879
5698.04384
6089.84385
6498.45289
6924.63498
7369.15418
7832.77453
8316.26007
8820.37486
9480.6922

4893.714
5261.804
5643.648
6040.008
6451.649
6879.335
7323.83
7785.898
8266.303
8765.809
9285.181
9825.181
10530.36

926.7679
1112.121
1297.475
1482.829
1668.182
1853.536
2038.889
2224.243
2409.597
2594.95
2641.288
2780.304
2965.657
3151.011
3336.364
3521.718
3707.072
3892.425
4077.779
4263.132
4448.486
4633.839
4819.193
5004.547
5189.9
5421.592

37.92378
65.5323
104.0629
155.3358
221.1715
303.3903
403.8125
524.2584
666.5484
832.5029
877.9024
1023.942
1242.687
1490.556
1769.372
2080.954
2427.122
2809.697
3230.5
3691.349
4194.067
4740.473
5332.387
5971.631
6660.023
7592.403

3.3050694
3.9660833
4.6270971
5.288111
5.9491249
6.6101388
7.2711526
7.9321665
8.5931804
9.2541943
9.4194477
9.9152081
10.576222
11.237236
11.89825
12.559264
13.220278
13.881291
14.542305
15.203319
15.864333
16.525347
17.186361
17.847375
18.508389
19.334656

8129.692
9939.254
11785.54
13658.06
15546.31
17439.82
19328.08
21200.59
23046.88
24856.44
25301.86
26618.79
28323.42
29959.85
31517.59
32986.13
34355
35613.69
36751.72
37758.58
38623.8
39336.87
39887.3
40264.6
40458.28
40426.17

964.69168
1177.6538
1401.5379
1638.1645
1889.3537
2156.9261
2442.7018
2748.5013
3076.145
3427.453
3519.1909
3804.2459
4208.3438
4641.5673
5105.7365
5602.6719
6134.1938
6702.1225
7308.2784
7954.4818
8642.5531
9374.3125
10151.581
10976.177
11849.924
13013.995

1224.304
1489.189
1764.995
2053.544
2356.656
2676.151
3013.849
3371.571
3751.137
4154.368
4259.086
4583.083
5039.103
5524.249
6040.341
6589.199
7172.643
7792.494
8450.573
9148.698
9888.692
10672.37
11501.56
12378.08
13303.75
14532.73

1474.88725
1789.88846
2115.81172
2454.47736
2807.70575
3177.3172
3565.13208
3972.97071
4402.65344
4856.00062
4973.2483
5334.83257
5840.96966
6376.2322
6942.44056
7541.41506
8174.97606
8844.94389
9553.1389
10301.3814
11091.4918
11925.2904
12804.5975
13731.2335
14707.0187
15998.6395

1714.534
2077.465
2451.318
2837.913
3239.071
3656.611
4092.356
4548.124
5025.736
5527.012
5656.243
6053.774
6607.84
7191.032
7805.17
8452.074
9133.564
9851.462
10607.59
11403.76
12241.8
13123.53
14050.76
15025.33
16049.04
17400.58

1653.204 215.2675 5.8957105 8129.692 1868.4719 2331.578 2778.57844 3206.07

1983.845 371.9822 7.0748526 9939.254 2355.8274 2911.555 3447.95535 3960.945

2314.486
2645.127
2975.768
3306.409
3637.05
3967.691
4298.331
4628.972
4711.633
4959.613
5290.254
5620.895
5951.536
6282.177
6612.818
6943.458
7274.099
7604.74
7935.381
8266.022
8596.663
8927.304
9257.945
9671.246

590.6939
881.7355
1255.44
1722.14
2292.168
2975.857
3783.541
4725.551
4983.253
5812.221
7053.884
8460.872
10043.52
11812.16
13777.12
15948.74
18337.34
20953.27
23806.86
26908.43
30268.33
33896.88
37804.41
43096.9

8.2539947
9.4331369
10.612279
11.791421
12.970563
14.149705
15.328847
16.507989
16.802775
17.687132
18.866274
20.045416
21.224558
22.4037
23.582842
24.761984
25.941126
27.120268
28.299411
29.478553
30.657695
31.836837
33.015979
34.489907

11785.54
13658.06
15546.31
17439.82
19328.08
21200.59
23046.88
24856.44
25301.86
26618.79
28323.42
29959.85
31517.59
32986.13
34355
35613.69
36751.72
37758.58
38623.8
39336.87
39887.3
40264.6
40458.28
40426.17

2905.1801
3526.8626
4231.2077
5028.5485
5929.2176
6943.5479
8081.8723
9354.5236
9694.8859
10771.835
12344.138
14081.767
15995.054
18094.333
20389.935
22892.194
25611.443
28558.014
31742.24
35174.454
38864.99
42824.179
47062.355
52768.141

3553.529
4267.833
5064.799
5954.761
6948.052
8055.004
9285.949
10651.22
11014.74
12161.15
13826.08
15656.33
17662.24
19854.14
22242.36
24837.24
27649.11
30688.3
33965.15
37489.99
41273.14
45324.95
49655.75
55477.31

4179.32928
4983.03309
5869.39959
6848.76164
7931.45207
9127.80372
10448.1494
11902.822
12288.6896
13502.1543
15256.4793
17176.1296
19271.4381
21552.7378
24030.3613
26714.6417
29615.9116
32744.5039
36110.7516
39724.9873
43597.544
47738.7545
52158.9516
58092.2644

3. CALCULUL PARAMETRILOR FRNRII.

3.1. Spaiul de frnare minim.
Dac nu se ine cont de fora de rezisten a aerului Fa:
Sfmin =

va
2g((+f)cos + sin)

Pentru unghiul de nclinare al oselei =

0
Tabelul 9

va [m/s]
0
4
8

0.2
Sfmin[m]

0.4
Sfmin [m]

0.6
Sfmin [m]

0.8
Sfmin [m]

0
0
0
0
0.00337 0.0017651 0.001196 0.0009041
0.013479 0.0070606 0.004783 0.0036164

4777.818
5667.02
6638.885
7703.745
8871.934
10153.78
11559.63
13099.8
13507.04
14784.63
16624.45
18629.6
20810.41
23177.21
25740.33
28510.11
31496.88
34710.97
38162.71
41862.45
45820.5
50047.21
54552.91
60593.09

12
16
20
24
28
32
36
40

0.030328
0.053917
0.084245
0.121313
0.165121
0.215668
0.272955
0.336981

0.0158863
0.0282422
0.0441285
0.063545
0.0864918
0.1129689
0.1429763
0.1765139

0.010762
0.019132
0.029893
0.043047
0.058591
0.076527
0.096855
0.119574

0.0081369
0.0144655
0.0226024
0.0325474
0.0443007
0.0578621
0.0732318
0.0904096

Dac se ine cont de fora de rezisten a aerului Fa:

Sfmin = Ga/(2gkS)ln

Gacos+Gafcos+Gasin+kSva
Gacos+Gafcos+Gasin
Tabelul 10

va [m/s]

0.2
Sfmin[m]

0.4
Sfmin [m]

0.6
Sfmin [m]

0.8
Sfmin [m]

0
4
8
12
16
20
24
28
32
36
40

0
0.0032363
0.0116278
0.0226108
0.0342232
0.0454688
0.0559674
0.0656325
0.0744972
0.0826355
0.0901293

0
0.001728
0.006506
0.013392
0.021403
0.029803
0.038144
0.046189
0.053831
0.061036
0.067808

0
0.0011783
0.0045197
0.0095382
0.0156553
0.0223619
0.0292831
0.0361744
0.0428909
0.049355
0.0555314

0
0.000894
0.003463
0.007411
0.01236
0.017942
0.023857
0.029885
0.035876
0.041738
0.047415

3.2. Spatiul de oprire

Sop=Sfmin+Ss

Ss=0,33Sfmin

Sop=Sfmin+0,33Sfmin=1,33Sfmin

Tabelul contine valorile spatiului de oprire in functie de viteza

v [m/s]

0
4
8
12
16
20
24
28
32
36
40

Sop

Sop

Sop

Sop

Fi=0,2 Fa=0

Fi=0,4 Fa=0

Fi=0,6 Fa=0

Fi=0,8 Fa=0

0.00
5.32
10.64
15.96
21.28
26.60
31.92
37.24
42.56
47.88
53.20

0.00
0.00
0.02
0.03
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.09
0.10
0.11
0.12

0.00
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09

0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.07

3.3. Acceleraia de frnare.

af = g/Ga(Gacos+Gafcos+Gasin+kSva)
Pentru unghiul de nclinare al oselei =

0
Tabelul 14

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

va [m/s]

af [m/s]

af [m/s]

af [m/s]

af [m/s]

0
4
8
12
16
20
24
28
32
36
40
44

2.1582
2.1699598
2.205239
2.2640379
2.3463562
2.452194
2.5815514
2.7344283
2.9108247
3.1107407
3.3341761
3.5811311

4.1202
4.13196
4.167239
4.226038
4.308356
4.414194
4.543551
4.696428
4.872825
5.072741
5.296176
5.543131

6.0822
6.0939598
6.129239
6.1880379
6.2703562
6.376194
6.5055514
6.6584283
6.8348247
7.0347407
7.2581761
7.5051311

8.0442
8.05596
8.091239
8.150038
8.232356
8.338194
8.467551
8.620428
8.796825
8.996741
9.220176
9.467131

4. CALCULUL PARAMETRILOR DE STABILITATE.

4.1. Viteza critic de rsturnare.
vcr =

(gR(tg r+B/2hg))0,5
(1-(B/2hg)tg r)0,5

Pentru drum orizontal, unghiul de nclinare transversal r =

0
Tabelul 15

R [m]
vcr [m/s]

20.476998 28.95885

vcr [km/h]

73.717191 104.2519 127.68192 147.4344 164.836651

50

100

150

200

250

35.4672

40.954

45.7879585

4.2. Viteza critic de derapare.

vcd =

(gR(+tg d))0,5
(1-tg d)0,5

Pentru drum orizontal, unghiul de nclinare transversal d =

Tabelul 16

0.2

R [m]
vcd [m/s]

328.49658 464.5643 568.97276 656.9932 734.540673

0.4

vcd [m/s]

464.56431 656.9932 804.64899 929.1286 1038.79738

0.6

vcd [m/s]

568.97276

0.8

vcd [m/s]

656.99315 929.1286 1137.9455 1313.986 1469.08135

50

100

150

200

250

804.649 985.48973 1137.946 1272.26177

matoarele caracteristici:

2600

2800

2850

3000

3200

25.05

27.02

27.50

28.93

30.78

92.01

92.14

92.15

92.10

91.87

262.76

257.48

256.25

252.80

248.75

6.58

6.96

7.05

7.31

7.66

5000

5200

5400

5600

5850

6000

6200

6400

42.75

43.35

43.76

43.97

43.94

43.75

43.29

42.59

81.66

79.62

77.40

74.99

71.73

69.64

66.69

63.55

239.95

242.06

244.77

248.10

253.13

256.61

261.79

267.59

10.26

10.49

10.71

10.91

11.12

11.23

11.33

11.40

Diametrul exterior=D=d*25,4+2H=546.4 mm
Raza statica=(d/2)+H(1-k)=262 mm

treapta 1

treapta 2

treapta 3

treapta 4

treapta 5

treapta 1

treapta 2

treapta 3

treapta 4

treapta 5

Ferstru
ni

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

2200

Pei

41.09

50.23

59.56

69.03

78.57

88.14

97.68

Mei

84.38

85.97

87.38

88.60

89.65

90.51

91.19

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

2200

8.84

10.80

12.81

14.84

16.90

18.95

21.01

Extern
ni
Pei
Mei

84.38

85.97

87.38

88.60

89.65

90.51

91.19

ci

327.21

317.00

307.41

298.43

290.06

282.31

275.18

Ci

2.89

3.42

3.94

4.43

4.90

5.35

5.78

2400

2600

2800

2850

3000

3200

3400

3600

107.15

116.48

125.62

127.88

134.53

143.15

151.42

159.29

91.69

92.01

92.14

92.15

92.10

91.87

91.46

90.87

2400

2600

2800

2850

3000

3200

3400

3600

23.04

25.05

27.02

27.50

28.93

30.78

32.56

34.26

91.69

92.01

92.14

92.15

92.10

91.87

91.46

90.87

268.66

262.76

257.48

256.25

252.80

248.75

245.31

242.49

6.19

6.58

6.96

7.05

7.31

7.66

7.99

8.31

3800

4000

4200

4400

4600

4800

5000

5200

166.71

173.63

179.99

185.74

190.83

195.20

198.81

201.59

90.10

89.15

88.01

86.70

85.20

83.52

81.66

79.62

3800

4000

4200

4400

4600

4800

5000

5200

35.85

37.34

38.71

39.94

41.04

41.98

42.75

43.35

90.10

89.15

88.01

86.70

85.20

83.52

81.66

79.62

240.28

238.68

237.71

237.35

237.60

238.47

239.95

242.06

8.61

8.91

9.20

9.48

9.75

10.01

10.26

10.49

5400

5600

5850

6000

6200

6400

203.50

204.48

204.31

203.44

201.31

0.00

77.40

74.99

71.73

69.64

66.69

0.00

5400

5600

5850

6000

6200

6400

43.76

43.97

43.94

43.75

43.29

0.00

77.40

74.99

71.73

69.64

66.69

0.00

244.77

248.10

253.13

256.61

261.79

267.59

10.71

10.91

11.12

11.23

11.33

11.40

350.00

50.00

Caracteristica extern
45.00
300.00

ce

Pe

250.00

40.00

35.00

30.00
Pe, M e, ce , Ce

200.00

25.00

150.00
20.00

15.00

100.00

Me
50.00

10.00

Ce
5.00

0.00

0.00

n [rot/m in]

Vasilescu Constantin

Proiect Dinamica Autovehiculelor

Autobetonier 130 kW

Caracteristica vitezelor
600.00

50

45

500.00
40

35
400.00

va [m /s ]

30

300.00

25

20

200.00
15

10
100.00

0.00

Pe

Vasilescu Constantin

Me

n [rot/m in]
vI

v II

Proiect Dinamica Autovehiculelor

v III

v IV

vV

Autobetonier 130kW

Caracteristica de traciune
7000.00

6000.00

FRI

FR [N]

5000.00

4000.00

3000.00

2000.00

FRII

FRIII

FRIV
FRV
FRVI

1000.00

0.00
0.00

Vasilescu Constantin

5.00

10.00

15.00

20.00
25.00
va [m /s]

30.00

Proiect Dinamica Autovehiculelor

35.00

40.00

45.00

Autobetonier 130kW

Caracteristica dinamic
0.50

DI
0.40

DII

0.30

DIII

0.20

DIV
0.10

DV
0.00
0.00

5.00

10.00

15.00

20.00

25.00

30.00

35.00

40.00

45.00

-0.10
va [m /s ]

Vasilescu Constantin

Proiect Dinamica Autovehiculelor

Autobetonier 130kW

Diagrama de variaie a acceleraiei

2.50

aII

2.00

aI

a [m /s ]

1.50

aIII

aIV
1.00

aV

0.50

aVI
0.00
0.00

5.00

10.00

15.00

20.00

25.00

30.00

35.00

40.00

45.00

-0.50
va [m /s]

Vasilescu Constantin

Proiect Dinamica Autovehiculelor

Autobetonier 130kw

40.00

45.00

Vasilescu Constantin

Proiect Dinamica Autovehiculelor

Autobetonier 130kw

Diagrama inversului acceleraiei

10.00

9.00

8.00

1/a [s/m ]

7.00

6.00

5.00

4.00

3.00

2.00

1.00

0.00
0.00

5.00

10.00

15.00

20.00

25.00

30.00

35.00

va [m /s]

Vasilescu Constantin 1182

Proiect Dinamica Autovehiculelor

Autobetonier 130kW

Diagrama timpului de demarare

30

25

td [s ]

20

15

10

0
0.00

5.00

10.00

15.00

20.00

25.00

30.00

35.00

va [m /s]

Vasilescu Constantin

Proiect Dinamica Autovehiculelor

Autobetonier 130KW

Diagrama spaiului de demarare

600

500

Sd [m ]

400

300

200

100

0
0.00

Vasilescu Constantin

5.00

10.00

15.00

20.00
va [m /s ]

25.00

Proiect Dinamica Autovehiculelor

30.00

35.00

40.00

Autobetonier 130KW

Bilanul de putere
60000

9000

8000

50000

=10

=0
7000

PRI

PRII
PRIII

PRIV

PRVI

PRV

6000

Pr, PR

40000

5000

30000

4000

=5

20000

3000

=15

2000

10000

1000

0
0.0000

5.0000

10.0000

15.0000

20.0000

25.0000

30.0000

35.0000

0
40.0000

va [m /s]

Vasilescu Constantin

Proiect Dinamica Autovehiculelor

Autobetoniera 130KW

Diagrama acceleraiei de frnare

10

af [m /s]

0
1
0

3
2

5
4

7
6

9
8

11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43
10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44
va [m /s]

Vasilescu Constantin 1182

Proiect Dinamica Autovehiculelor

Autobetonier 130kW

Spatiul de franare m inim

Spatiul de oprire

Diagrama vitezei critice de rsturnare

50

45

40

vcr [m /s ]

35

30

25

20

15

10

0
0

50

100

150

200

250

R [m ]

Vasilescu Constantin 1182

Proiect Dianmica Autovehiculelor

Autobetonier 130kW

Diagrama vitezei critice de derapare

1600

1400

=0,8

=0,6

1200

=0,4

vcd [m /s ]

1000

800

=0,2
600

400

200

0
0

50

100

150

200

250

R [m ]

Vasilescu Constantin 1182

Proiect Dianamica Autovehiculelor

Autobetonier 130kW