Ministerul Educaţiei şi Tineretului

al Republicii Moldova CODUL DE BARE

AL CANDIDATULUI

Agenţia de Evaluare şi Examinare

BIOLOGIA

EXAMEN DE BACALAUREAT

Profilul: real, sport

15 iunie 2009

Timp alocat: 180 de minute.

Rechizite şi materiale permise: pix de culoare albastră.

Biologia
Profilul real, Profilul sport

Instrucţiuni pentru candidat:

- Citeşte atent subiectele de examen propuse.

- Rezolvarea lor este obligatorie.

Item Nume, prenume Puncte Item Nume, prenume Puncte

1 7
2 8
3 9
4 10
5 11
6 12

Vă dorim mult succes!

1
1 Defineşte noţiunile biologice: L
A) Meioză 0
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B) Genă
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C) Biocenoză
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2
2 Completează tabelul despre unele grupe de animale: L
Caracterul Peşti Amfibieni Păsări 0
analizat 1
1. Mediul 2
de trai 3
4
5
2. Organele 6
respiratorii 7
8
9
3. Structura
inimii

3 Alege şi încercuieşte variantele corecte. L

0
A) Pentru moluşte este caracteristic: 1
a) prezenţa celulelor urzicătoare; d) prezenţa mantiei; 2
b) prezenţa cochiliei; e) prezenţa doar a 2 straturi de 3
celule. 4
c) prezenţa sistemului circulator închis; 5
6
B) Care dintre plantele enumerate sunt monocotiledonate? 7
a) vişinul; d) mazărea;
b) grîul; e) cartoful;
c) porumbul; f) orezul.

C) Care plante fac parte din familia Solonacee?

a) vişinul; d) fasolea;
b) porumbul; e) cartoful.
c) tomatele;

3
4 Folosind corect îmbinările de cuvinte de mai jos, formulează un enunţ: L
0
A) despre variabilitatea neereditară: 1
1) apare fără afectarea materialului ereditar – cu afectarea materialului ereditar; 2
2) include modificări – mutaţii – recombinări genetice; 3
3) contribuie la omogenitatea populaţiei – heterogenitatea populaţiei. 4
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B) despre selecţia naturală stabilizatoare:

1) este determinată de condiţiile de mediu – de om;
2) decurge în condiţii variabile – invariabile;
3) duce la eliminarea formelor intermediare – formelor extreme.
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5 Scrie, în faţa literelor din coloana A cu tipurile de celule, cifrele L

corespunzătoare din coloana B cu particularităţile de organizare ale 0
celulelor: 1
2
A B 3
4
__________ a) celule vegetale 1. nucleul 5
2. ribozomii 6
__________ b) celule procariote 3. cloroplastele 7
4. amidonul
5. mitocondriile
6. reticulul endoplasmatic
7. glicogenul

4
6 Rezolvă problema: L
Culoarea căpruie a ochilor şi forma ondulată a părului la om reprezintă 0
caractere autozomale dominante faţă de culoarea albastră a ochilor şi părul 1
drept. Determină probabilitatea naşterii copiilor cu ochi albaştri şi părul drept 2
într-o familie, unde ambii părinţi sînt diheterozigoţi. 3
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5
7 Citeşte afirmaţiile de mai jos. Încercuieşte „A”, dacă afirmaţia este L
adevărată, şi „F”, dacă afirmaţia este falsă. Dacă ai încercuit „F”, scrie 0
afirmaţia corectă, substituind cuvintele evidenţiate cu cele corecte. 1
2
a) A F Printre mamifere sunt înregistrate specii hermafrodite. 3
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b) A F La rîmă sistemul circulator este de tip deschis.

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c) A F Sistemul nervos la anelide este de tip difuz.

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6
8 Folosind modelul propus, indică în spaţiile rezervate asemănările şi L
deosebirile dintre gene şi cromozomi. 0
Asemănări 1
2
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Deosebiri
Gene Criteriul Cromozomi
1.

2.

3.

7
9 Formează triade din cuvintele/îmbinările de cuvinte propuse, ţinînd cont L
de următoarea consecutivitate: tipul celulei –ţesut – funcţie. 0
1
ţesut epitelial ; limfocit; senzorială; de contracţie; fibră musculară; ţesut
2
conjunctiv; de protecţie; ţesut muscular; celulă pavimentoasă specializată.
3
4
1. 5
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9
2.
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3.
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10 Selectează cuvintele care Nu se încadrează în grupul tematic şi explică mai L

jos printr-o propoziţie cauza selectării lor. 0
1
A B C D E 2
3
1. timină 1. deleţie 1.adenină 1.pădure 4
1.scrot
5
2. citozină 2. transcripţie 2.citozină 2.ovul 2.livadă 6
3. riboză 3. translaţie 3.metionină 3.rîu 7
3.epididim 8
4. adenină 4. replicare 4.timină 4.testicul 4.mare 9
10

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8
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9
11 Bunica ta a avut o criză de gastrită acută. Ce măsuri de profilaxie (nu mai L
puţin de 3) vei întreprinde pentru ca această criză să nu se repete? 0
Argumentează răspunsul. 1
2
1) 3
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2)
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3)
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10
12 Elaborează un program concret de măsuri (nu mai puţin de 4) de L
protecţie a unei livezi din localitate. Argumentează răspunsul. 0
1
1) 2
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2)
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3)
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4)
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