Create PDF files without this message by purchasing novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.

com)

Bazele fizice ale ecocardiografiei

Ecocardiografia: metoda de explorare a anatomiei i
funciei cordului bazat pe utilizarea ultrasunetelor.
Ultrasunetele: vibraii ale unui mediu elastic cu
frecvena > 20000 Hz;
US sunt reprezentate grafic prin unde sinusoide, avnd
o anumit frecven (Hz), lungime de und (mm),
aplitudine (dB) i vitez de propagare (m/sec).

Create PDF files without this message by purchasing novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)

Bazele fizice ale ecocardiografiei

C= f
c= velocitatea de propagare a
fascicului de US prin mediul apos al
organismului (1540 m/sec);
= lungimea de und (mm);
f= frecvena. (MHz).
= 1.54/f (MHz)

Create PDF files without this message by purchasing novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)

Bazele fizice ale ecocardiografiei

Create PDF files without this message by purchasing novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)

Ecocardiograful

Create PDF files without this message by purchasing novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)

Bazele fizice ale ecocardiografiei

Create PDF files without this message by purchasing novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)

Bazele fizice ale ecocardiografiei

Create PDF files without this message by purchasing novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)

Tehnica de examinare

Create PDF files without this message by purchasing novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)

Moduri de examinare
Modul B (brightness):
red structurile sub form de puncte

cu luminozitate diferit n funcie

de
ecodensitatea
formaiunii
cercetate;
imagini

bidimensionale
structurilor cardiace;

ale

dac se face o afiare rapid pe ecran

(minimum 15 cadre/secunde) se
creeaz impresia de micare a
structurilor cardiace examinare n
timp real.

Create PDF files without this message by purchasing novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)

Moduri de examinare
Modul M (Motion = micare);
red semnalul obinut n funcie de timp;
spaial, imaginea este unidimensional;
a doua dimensiune: timpul.

Create PDF files without this message by purchasing novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)

Ferestrele ecocardiografice

Create PDF files without this message by purchasing novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)

Seciuni ecocardiografice

Create PDF files without this message by purchasing novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)

Seciunea parasternal ax lung

Create PDF files without this message by purchasing novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)

Seciunea parasternal ax lung

Create PDF files without this message by purchasing novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)

Seciunile parasternal ax scurt

Create PDF files without this message by purchasing novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)

Seciunea parasternal ax scurt

la nivelul vaselor mari

Create PDF files without this message by purchasing novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)

Seciunea parasternal ax scurt

la nivelul vaselor mari

Create PDF files without this message by purchasing novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)

Seciunea parasternal ax scurt

la nivelul valvei mitrale

Create PDF files without this message by purchasing novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)

Seciunea parasternal ax scurt

la nivelul muchilor papilari

Create PDF files without this message by purchasing novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)

Seciunea apical 4 camere

Create PDF files without this message by purchasing novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)

Seciunea apical 4 camere

SISTOLA

Create PDF files without this message by purchasing novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)

DIASTOLA

Seciunea apical 5 camere

Create PDF files without this message by purchasing novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)

Create PDF files without this message by purchasing novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)

Seciunile subcostale

Create PDF files without this message by purchasing novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)

Examinarea n modul M
Calculul FEVS din seciune parasternal ax lung
prin formula lui Teicholz

Calculul FEVS: (VTDVS VTSVS)x100/VTDVS;

Formula cubului: (DTDVS3 DTSVS3) x 100/DTDVS3
FEVS normala: 50-80%

Create PDF files without this message by purchasing novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)

Calculul FEVS folosind metoda Simpson

Create PDF files without this message by purchasing novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)

Examinarea n modul M din seciune parasternal

ax lung imagistica valvei mitrale
E
D

A
F

D= deschiderea valvei mitrale;

E= deschiderea maxim a valvei mitrale
(protodiastol);
F= nchiderea protodiastolic a VM;
A= deschiderea valvei mitrale n timpul
sistolei atriale;
C= nchiderea valvei mitrale

Create PDF files without this message by purchasing novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)

Examinarea n modul M din seciune parasternal

ax lung imagistica valvei aortice

DVAo

Create PDF files without this message by purchasing novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)

Examinarea Doppler
Principii fizice
Efectul Doppler: modificarea frecvenei

semnalului recepionat atunci cnd

sursa de emisie i/sau receptorul se
deplaseaz unul fa de cellalt.
Semnalul Doppler: diferena ntre
frecvena fasciculului de US emis i cel
reflectat.
Ecuaia Doppler:

f= (2x f0 x v x cos)/c
f0= frecvena iniial a fasciculului de US;
v= viteza de deplasare a intei;
c= viteza de propagare a US (1540 m/sec);
Cos= cosinusul unghiului dintre direcia
de deplasare a intei i direcia de
propagare a US.

Create PDF files without this message by purchasing novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)

Examinarea Doppler
Principii fizice
Doppler continuu: un cristal
piezoelectric emite US, altul culege
semnale n acelai timp; permite
msurarea optim a vitezelor.

Doppler pulsat: acelai cristal

piezoelectric emite semnalul i
ateapt
ntoarcerea
semnalului
reflectat; permite localizarea optim a
diverselor fenomene.

Create PDF files without this message by purchasing novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)

Examinarea Doppler
Principii fizice
Fluxul care se apropie de

transductor

semnal rou.

Fluxul care se ndeprteaz de

transductor

semnal albastru.

Create PDF files without this message by purchasing novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)

Ecografia vascular

Create PDF files without this message by purchasing novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)

Ecografia vascular

Create PDF files without this message by purchasing novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)

Ecografia vascular

Create PDF files without this message by purchasing novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)