Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
PULMONARA
RADIO IMAGISTICA-2
Rad/Imag-Iasi-2003
Patologie bronsica
DISPLAZII CHISTICE
B.P.O.C.
BRONSIECTAZII
BRONHOCEL
MUCOVISCIDOZA
CORPI STRAINI TRAHEO-BRONSICI
CANCER BRONHO-PULMONAR
Displazii
chistice
Definitie:
Definitie:malformatii
malformatiicongenitale
congenitaleale
alemugurelui
mugureluibronsic
bronsic
terminal
terminal(bronsiolar).
(bronsiolar).
CHISTUL
CHISTULSOLITAR
SOLITAR
BOALA
BOALAPOLICHISTICA
POLICHISTICAPULMONARA:
PULMONARA: cu
culocalizare
localizare
segmentara,
segmentara,lobara,
lobara,pulmonara
pulmonara
Descriere
Descriereradiologica
radiologica::--hipertransparenta;
hipertransparenta;
--perete
peretefin;
fin;
--elemente
anatomice
vecine
=>
elemente
anatomice
vecine
=>
schelet,
mediastin
(in
plamin
schelet, mediastinpolichistic)
(in plamin
polichistic)
Pulmon : patologie bronsica
Patologie bronsica
Tomografii plane
Boala segmentara
Plamin polichistic
CHISTURI AERIENE
MULTIPLE
Displazie congenitala
CHISTURI
AERIENE:
MULTIPLE,
ABCEDATE
B.P.O.C.
1 BRONSITA CRONICA:
Rx. standard: - desen pulmonar hilio-bazal intarit;
Bronhografie: - arbore mort; dilatatii cilindrice;
- decalibrari bronsice;
- ulceratii ale glandelor bronsice=>nise,
spiculi
2 EMFIZEM PULMONAR:
Distensie;- hipertransparenta (ruptura pereti alveolari si
distrugerea patului capilar).
3 ASTM BRONSIC INTRICAT ( CRONIC INFECTIOS):
Inflamatie parietala; dopuri de mucus; bule de emfizem;
adesea combinatie cu 1 si 2.
Patologie bronsica
ULCERATII
NISE PARIETALE
BRONSITA DEFORMANTA
EMFIZEM PULMONAR
BRONSIECTAZII
= dilatatii bronsice
Triunghiul bronsiectatic
Bronsiectazie
BROHOGRAFIE
BRONSII NORMALE
BRONSIECTAZIE
BRONSIECTAZIE:
bronhografie:tipuri anatomo-radiologice
B
BRONHOCEL:
A
tomografie plana (A) si Computer tomografie (B)
CANCER BRONHOPULMONAR
Cea mai frecventa localizare neoplazica
FUMATUL
Histopatologie: - carcinom epidermoid (squamos);
adenocarcinom; celula mica (oat cells); sarcom.
Anatomo-radiologic: - bronsii mari (central)
- bronsii mici (periferic)
- alveolar (rarissim).
Sediul fata de lumen: - endobronsic - atelectazie;
- exobronsic - iceberg
Tomografie plana
Radiografie standard
Bronhografie
BRONHOGRAFIE(A)+TOMOGRAFIE(B)
Atelectazie in pleura libera
TOMOGRAFIE PLANA
CANCER ENDOBRONSIC
Krebs fsse
CANCER
NODULAR
PERIFERIC
A
Computer tomografie:
A fereastra pulmon;
B fereastra mediastin
B
ROLUL IMAGISTICII
1 EVIDENTIAZA TUMORA:Metode: Rx.standard, CT, IRM, bronhografia
dg.diferential:
ROLUL IMAGISTICII
2 APRECIAZA EXTENZIA LOCO-REGIONALA
Metode:- CT, IRM, cavografia,angio pulmonara, US.
Aspecte:- extenzia mediastinala - adenopatie, stenoza,
tromboza VCS;
- extenzia parietala - apex - Sdr. Pancoast-Tobias;
- extenzia lobara - cancer lobar (lobita canceroasa)
- invazie pericard - pericardita - ecocardiografia
3 EVIDENTIAZA COMPLICATIILE
- necroza - excavare - suprainfectia;
-invazia costala, pleurala
4 DECELEAZA METASTAZELE
OS - scintigr.Tc99; CREER - IRM,CT; FICAT,SR - US
Cancer bronhopulmonar
periferic apical sting cu
distructia arcurilor costale
I - IV si a vertebrelor T1T4
CANCER BRONHO-PULMONAR
VCS
AP
AD
VD
CANCER BRONHO-PULMONAR
PNEUMOPATII
INFLAMATORII
ACUTE:
-BACTERIENE:
-BACTERIENE SUPURATIVE;
-VIRALE (ATIPICE);
CRONICE: -TUBERCULOZA;
-Alte boli cu componenta
inflamatorie
PNEUMONII MICROBIENE
(pneumonia franca lobara)
Etiologie: - infectia cu pneumococ, streptococ,etc.
Histopatologie: -sindrom de umplere alveolara - 4-5 faze:
Anatomie radiologica: -congestie - VOAL (debut)
- hepatizatie - BLOC PNEUMONIC
(perioada de stare) - opac, segmente, lobi;
- rezorbtie:- omogena = atenuare sincrona
- neomogena = tabla sah;
- de la centru spre periferie;
- de la periferie spre centru
Complicatii:-pleurezii: para/metapneumonice
-abces secundar
LATERAL
PNEUMONIE BACTERIANA LOB MEDIU:
segment postero - extern
SEGMENTATIA PULMONARA
1 segment apical
2 segment posterior
3 segment anterior
3x segment axilar
4 segment postero-extern
5 segment antero-intren
6 segment FOWLER
7 segment bazal medial
8 segment bazal anterior
9 segment bazal lateral
10 segment bazal posterior
Plamin sting: 2b segment apico-dorsal
Lingula: - 4b segment superior
- 5b segment inferior
Segment axilar
FOWLER
LINGULA
FOCARE PNEUMONICE
MULTIPLE
Pneumonie bacteriana
Atelectazie:cancer endobronsic
BRONHOGRAMA AERICA
PNEUMONIE BACTERIANA
A
Tip I
PNEUMONIE
BACTERIANA
REZORBTIE
Tip II
Tip III
BRONHOPNEUMONIA
BRONHOPNEUMONIE
BRONHOPNEUMONIE
BRONHOPNEUMONIE
FORMA PSEUDOLOBARA
Anatomie radiologica:
ABCES
ABCESPULMONAR:
PULMONAR:faza
fazapre-vomica
pre-vomica
Nivel
hidroaeric
pneumonie
pleurezie
ABCES PULMONAR SECUNDAR
ABCES
ABCES
PULMONAR
PULMONAR
IN
INFAZA
FAZACRONICA
CRONICA
CHIRURGICAL
CHIRURGICAL
GANGRENA
PULMONARA
Supuratie
grava cu germeni anaerobi; asociata cu imunodeficienta;
Anatomie radiologica: focare pneumonice, necroze masive si abcese;
Imagini complexe: opacitati extinse, imagine hidro-aerice
multiple
Dupa 24 h
2a
2b
SUPURATIE PULMONARA STAFILOCOCICA
PNEUMOPATII ACUTE
NEBACTERIENE
PNEUMONII INTERSTITIALE, ATIPICE
PNEUMONIE
PNEUMONIEINTERSTITIALA:
INTERSTITIALA:GRIPA
GRIPA
PNEUMOPATII ACUTE
INTERSTITIALE
RUJEOLA
TUSE CONVULSIVA
PNEUMOPATII
PNEUMOPATII
ACUTE
ACUTE
INTERSTITIALE:
INTERSTITIALE:
COMPLICATII
COMPLICATII
BRONHOPNEUMONIE
PNEUMONIE
SEGMENTARA
TUBERCULOZA PULMONARA
Etiologie:
Bacil Koch (BK); cale contaminare: aeriana(Pflge)
CLASIFICARE:
Tuberculoza primara(primoinfectia);
Tuberculoza secundara (ftizia)
AFECT
ADENITA
LIMFANGITA
RANCKE
COMPLEX PRIMAR TUBERCULOS
COMPLEX
COMPLEXPRIMAR
PRIMARTBC
TBCCOMPLICAT:
COMPLICAT:
congestie perifocala
COMPLEX
COMPLEXPRIMAR
PRIMARTBC
TBCCOMPLICAT:
COMPLICAT:
periadenita
periadenita
ADENITA
COMPLEX
COMPLEXPRIMAR
PRIMARTBC
TBCCOMPLICAT:
COMPLICAT:
diseminarea
diseminareahematogena=
hematogena=miliara
miliaratbc
tbc
ADENITA
COMPLEX
COMPLEXPRIMAR
PRIMARTBC
TBCCOMPLICAT:
COMPLICAT:
pneumonia
cazeoasa
pneumonia cazeoasa
TUBERCULOZA SECUNDARA
1 Noduli fibrosi apico-subclaviculari: potential ftiziogeni(BK dormant=>reactivare); Rx=micronoduli tip
Simon, Aschoff-Puhl,Hedwall;reactivare - leziune
activa subclaviculara.
2 Infiltratul precoce subclavicular: alveolita exsudativa
nevindecabila spontan;Rx=nodul palid gr.II tip Assman(rotund),Fleischner(oval),Redecker(patrulater),Dufour(nebulos
)
Evolutie:necroza - cazeificare - excavare - CAVERNA
Caverna recenta:racheta de tenis:infiltrat partial excavat cu
bronsie de drenaj inflamata;Caverna elastica: hipertransparenta
circumscrisa,ax mare orizontal,pereti supli;Caverna scleroasa:
FTIZIOGENEZA APICALA
Infiltrat
precoce
ggl
NODULI
NODULIFIBROSI
FIBROSIAPICALI
APICALI=>POTENTIAL
=>POTENTIALFTIZIOGENI
FTIZIOGENI
Infiltrat in curs de
excavare
Zile..saptamini
paleta
coada
INFILTRAT
INFILTRAT PRECOCE
PRECOCE TBC==>
TBC==>
==>
==> DEBUTUL
DEBUTUL FTIZIEI
FTIZIEI
racheta de tenis
Tomografie
Tomografieplana
plana
TUBERCULOM
TUBERCULOMAPICAL
APICAL
DEBUT
DEBUTAL
ALFTIZIEI
FTIZIEIADULTULUI=CAVERNA
ADULTULUI=CAVERNA
Tomografie plana
TUBERCULOZA
TUBERCULOZACAZEOASA
CAZEOASACAVITARA
CAVITARA
TBC SECUNDARA=FTIZIA
TBC CAZEOASA -CAVITARA: caverna solitara; sisteme
de caverne (miez de pine); pneumonie cazeoasa;
bronhopneumonie.
TUBERCULOMUL: nodul gr.II, intens, fibrocalcar =
infiltrat blocat cu potential de reactivare.
TBC FIBROASA: forme minore/ majore - FIBROTORAX
TBC HIPERCRONICA: caverne scleroase, fibroza extensiva, pahipleurite,bronsiectazii, emfizem.
Forme particulare: MILIARA adultului; PLEUREZIA.
COMPLICATII/SECHELE: HEMOPTIZIA; FIBROTORAX; CORD PULMONAR CRONIC; AMILOIDOZA
Diseminare
controlaterala
FTIZIE:
FTIZIE:CAVERNA
CAVERNAGIGANTA
GIGANTA
-Sisteme de
caverne
-pneumonie
cazeoasa
lob inferior
sting
Tomografie
Tomografieplana
plana
Caverne,
Caverne,infiltrate,
infiltrate,fibroza
fibroza
TUBERCULOZA
TUBERCULOZACAZEOASA
CAZEOASACAVITARA
CAVITARA
FTIZIE;
FTIZIE;PNEUMONIE
PNEUMONIECAZEOASA
CAZEOASACAVITARA
CAVITARA
FTIZIE:DISEMINARE BRONHOPNEUMONICA
FTIZIE
FTIZIE:DISEMINARE
:DISEMINAREMILIARA
MILIARAIN
IN
TUBERCULOZA
TUBERCULOZASECUNDARA
SECUNDARA
FIBROTORAX
FIBROTORAXTUBERCULOS
TUBERCULOS
FTIZIE
FTIZIEHIPERCRONICA
HIPERCRONICA&&SECHELARA
SECHELARA
CURS patol.toracica 3